Ivey v. McQueen , 17 Ala. 408 ( 1850 )

CHILTON, J.

This was an action of trespass quare claumm fregit by the plaintiff in error against the defendant. Plea not .guilty. Judgment in the court below in favor of the plaintiff on the verdict of a jury for four dollars and forty-five cents damages and the same amount of cost, and against him for the remainder of the cost.

The question, as we understand the bill of exceptions, is substantially this, whether one whose timber is destroyed is entitled to recover the value of the timber in the neighborhood in which it is situated-, or may he recover what is its supposed value to the owner of it, based upon the fact that the-owner had a prairie farm hard by dependant for rail timber and the like upon tbs land on which the timber had been destroyed? The rule in respect of damages in such cases is that the party is entitled to recover the actual damage he has sustained, and if the circunystances are aggravated and show malice, the plaintiff may recover what the law terms vindictive or punitory damages. By what rule shall we estimate the actual damage? We think the actual value of the timber is what it was- worth in the neighborhood as it stood before the trespass was committed — not what it would have been worth, if differently situated, in other parts of the country. Timber in our dense forests may be of very little value, because there is but little- demand for it; whereas if it it were situated on the- sea coast, or near a town or in a place where it is scarce and greatly in demand, it may .be of immense value. Its chief cost may consist in the price of transportation from the point where it abounds to the place- where it is in de<mand. So that it would be utterly unjust to charge the defendant with any other than its forest value. He should be responsible for tire rate at- which such timber-is sold at the place or in the neighborhood where it stood, and not as the counsel for the plaintiff insisted, the value of such timber in other parts of the county.— Blydenburg et al. v. Welsh, 1 Baldwin, 301; Gregory v. McDowell, 8 Wend. Rep. 435; Sedgwick on the Meas, of Dam. 280-1. “ Damages,” says Lord Co^ke, “ hath a special signification for the recompenee that is given by the jury to the plaintiff or defendant for the wrong the -defendant hath done unto him.” — Co. Litt. 257, a; Sedgw. Dam. 29. The plaintiff must recover so- much as will repair the injury he has sustained — he may recover more if the trespass was aggravated. That injury consists in the loss of his timber, and the value of his timber at the time and place of the injury-i's the extent of his loss. This view accords with the decision of the Circuit Court.

'The court should not, however, have entered judgment against the. plaintiff for the remainder of the cost. The statute which declares he shall recover no more cost than damages, unless h[s rgCQvery amounts to more than five dollars, does not anthorise the court to give judgment against the plaintiff for the residue.

The judgment roust be corrected in this court at the cost of the plaintiff in error. It is otherwise correct, and must be affirmed.