Bentley v. Georgia Pacific Railway Co. , 86 Ala. 484 ( 1888 )

SOMERVILLE, J.

The plaintiff Bentley sues in bis representative capacity for tbe alleged negligent killing of his intestate by tbe wrongful act of tbe defendant railway company. Tbe evidence shows that tbe deceased, a man sixty-five years of age, was, at tbe time of tbe accident, walking on tbe track of tbe road, crossing a trestle, which was about seventy-five feet long and twenty-five feet high. He resided in tbe neighborhood, and knew that tbe west bound passenger train was past due, and momentarily expected. On tbe east side of tbe trestle, there was a cut about eighteen feet deep at tbe highest point, and curving slightly, and with a down grade from about one mile east, running west towards tbe place of tbe accident.

We can scarcely say that tbe evidence tended to show any negligence on tbe part of tbe railroad servants in charge of tbe train; but, conceding that it did, there is nothing to authorize tbe inference that such negligence was wanton, reckless, or intentional.

Our past decisions commit us to tbe rule, that one who walks on the track of a railroad company, without invitation or license, is a trespasser; and such companies owe trespassers no such duty as to require a special look-out for their intrusions, except at public crossings, and within the limits of cities, towns, and villages. They are only bound to the exercise of reasonable diligence after such trespassers are discovered, or their peril of injury becomes apparent.— Ga. Pac. R. R. Co. v. Blanton, 84 Ala. 154; Memphis & Charleston R. R. Co. v. Womack, Ib. 149; 8. & N. R. R. Co. v. Donovan, Ib. 141. A trespasser, in other words, upon the right of way of a railroad company, at any other place than a public crossing, or in a city, town or village, can not maintain an action against such company for an injury received while thus trespassing, unless his presence on the track has been discovered, or his peril become apparent'to the engineer or other servant in charge of the train, or unless such injury is caused by wanton, reckless, or intentional negligence on the part of the company,-or its servants. A mere failure ordinarily to look out for trespassers is not negligence, where there is no special fact or reason which calls for diligence in this particular.

Under the facts in this case, the railroad servants had no reason to anticipate a trespass on the part of the deceased, of the kind disclosed in the evidence, and they owed him no duty to keep a lookout for him.

In view of this principle, the whole case can properly be made to turn on the question of the contributory negligence of the deceased, which must be imputed to the plaintiff as his legal representative. Upon the undisputed facts of the case, we are of opinion that he was guilty of a want of ordinary care, in attempting to cross the trestle under the circumstances of danger surrounding him, and that this negligence proximately contributed to his death. No prudent man would have ventured to do so reckless an act. The evidence authorizes but one rational inference on the subject, and that is an inference of gross negligence.

This being the case, we shall decline to inquire into the various rulings of the court. On the undisputed facts of the case, the court could well have given the general affirmative charge in favor of the defendant without hypothesis. A demurrer to the evidence would have been sustained, had all the evidence been introduced by the plaintiff; and had the jury found a verdict for the plaintiff, it would have been the duty of the trial court to set it aside as contrary to the evidence.

Affirmed.