Hall v. Falk ( 2013 )

FILED
United States Court of Appeals
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS Tenth Circuit
FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT October 21, 2013
Elisabeth A. Shumaker
Clerk of Court
JAMES WILFRED HALL,
Petitioner−Appellant,
v. No. 13-1291
(D.C. No. 1:13-CV-01212-LTB)
JAMES FALK, Warden; JOHN W. (D. Colo.)
SUTHERS, Attorney General of the State
of Colorado,
Respondents−Appellees.
ORDER DENYING CERTIFICATE OF APPEALABILITY*
Before TYMKOVICH, O’BRIEN, and HOLMES, Circuit Judges.
James Wilfred Hall seeks a certificate of appealability (COA) to appeal the
district court’s dismissal of his 28 U.S.C. § 2254 application as an unauthorized
second or successive application. See 28 U.S.C. § 2244(b)(2), (3). We deny a COA
and dismiss this matter.
Mr. Hall was convicted of first-degree murder and sentenced to imprisonment
for life without parole. After challenging his conviction in the state courts, he filed a
§ 2254 application for federal habeas relief in 2012, arguing that his conviction was
*
This order is not binding precedent except under the doctrines of law of the
case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its
persuasive value consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
void for lack of subject matter jurisdiction because he had not been indicted by a
grand jury, but instead had been charged through an information. The district court
dismissed the application as barred by the one-year limitation period for § 2254
applications. See 28 U.S.C. § 2244(d).
In 2013, Mr. Hall filed a “Motion to Quash,” which the district court
determined was an attempt to challenge his Colorado murder conviction. The court
ordered Mr. Hall to file his claims on the court-approved form for § 2254
applications and to comply with other procedural requirements. Mr. Hall did so,
again asserting that the state trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction to convict
him because he had not been indicted by a grand jury. The district court evaluated
his application and determined that it was an unauthorized second-or-successive
§ 2254 application. Concluding that it was not in the interest of justice to transfer the
application to this court for authorization, the court dismissed the application for lack
of jurisdiction.
To appeal the dismissal, Mr. Hall must secure a COA. To do so, he must show
“that jurists of reason would find it debatable whether the petition states a valid claim
of the denial of a constitutional right and that jurists of reason would find it debatable
whether the district court was correct in its procedural ruling.” Slack v. McDaniel,
529 U.S. 473, 484 (2000). He cannot meet these requirements, however, because the
district court undoubtedly was correct in its procedural ruling.
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Mr. Hall pursued relief under § 2254 in 2012. The dismissal of that
application as time-barred is considered an adjudication on the merits, making the
2013 application a second or successive application for habeas relief. See In re
Rains, 659 F.3d 1274, 1275 (10th Cir. 2011) (per curiam) (“The dismissal of
[petitioner’s] first habeas petition as time-barred was a decision on the merits, and
any later habeas petition challenging the same conviction is second or successive and
is subject to the [§ 2244(b)] requirements.”).
Mr. Hall complains that the district court did not reach the merits of his claim
that the state court could proceed against him only by way of indictment. But
Congress has placed strict limitations on second or successive § 2254 applications,
requiring that they be authorized by this court before proceeding in the district court,
see 28 U.S.C. § 2244(b)(3), and that they be authorized only under limited
circumstances, see id. § 2244(b)(2). Because the 2013 application was a second or
successive § 2254 application that had not been authorized by this court, the district
court did not have jurisdiction to reach the merits. See In re Cline, 531 F.3d 1249,
1251 (10th Cir. 2008) (per curiam). The court had only two choices: dismiss the
application for lack of jurisdiction, or transfer it to this court for authorization.
See id. at 1251-52. It gave sound reasons for declining to transfer. See id.
In addition, it appears that the 2013 application raised the same claim that was
presented in the 2012 application. Under § 2244(b)(1), “[a] claim presented in a
second or successive habeas corpus application under section 2254 that was
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presented in a prior application shall be dismissed.” Accordingly, even if this claim
were allowed to proceed, it would be subject to summary dismissal under
§ 2244(b)(1).
Mr. Hall’s motion to proceed without prepayment of costs and fees is granted.
The motion for change of venue is denied. The application for COA is denied and
this matter is dismissed.
Entered for the Court
ELISABETH A. SHUMAKER, Clerk
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