United States v. Anderson , 41 F. App'x 257 ( 2002 )

F I L E D
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
MAY 6 2002
TENTH CIRCUIT
PATRICK FISHER
Clerk
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff - Appellee,
v. No. 00-3237
(D.C. No. 95-CR-20086-05-JWL)
SYLVESTER ANDERSON, also (D. Kansas)
known as Chilly,
Defendant - Appellant.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT *
Before KELLY, McKAY, and MURPHY, Circuit Judges. **
Defendant-Appellant Sylvester Anderson was convicted after a jury trial of
conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute a controlled substance, specifically,
cocaine and cocaine base, 21 U.S.C. § 846, possession with intent to distribute a
controlled substance, id. § 841(a)(1), and money laundering, 18 U.S.C.
§ 1956(a)(1)(B)(i). After a sentencing hearing, the district court sentenced Mr.
*
This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the
doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. This court
generally disfavors the citation of orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order
and judgment may be cited under the terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3.
**
After examining the briefs and the appellate record, this three-judge
panel has determined unanimously that oral argument would not be of material
assistance in the determination of this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a); 10th
Cir. R. 34.1(G). The cause is therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.
Anderson to 396 months imprisonment on concurrent sentences. Mr. Anderson
appealed the convictions and sentence and we affirmed the two drug convictions,
but reversed his money laundering conviction. See United States v. Anderson,
189 F.3d 1201, 1214 (10th Cir. 1999). In addition, we reversed the trial court’s
enhancement of Mr. Anderson’s sentence for his leadership role in the offense
and remanded the case for resentencing.
On remand, the district court sentenced Mr. Anderson to 327 months
imprisonment for the affirmed drug convictions. During the sentencing hearing
on remand, Mr. Anderson’s defense counsel argued the impact of Apprendi v.
New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000), which the Supreme Court had decided fourteen
days earlier. The district court rejected the Apprendi argument, stating that it was
not applicable because Mr. Anderson had received a sentence within the statutory
maximum. See II Aplt. App. at 9 (Doc. 1036).
Mr. Anderson filed his notice of appeal pro se, but we appointed counsel to
represent him in this appeal. Mr. Anderson’s counsel has now filed an Anders
brief seeking leave to withdraw because any further proceedings on his behalf
would be wholly frivolous and without arguable merit. See Anders v. California,
386 U.S. 738 (1967). Mr. Anderson has filed pro se response and reply briefs to
the briefs of his counsel and the Government, respectively. His claim on appeal
is that the district court violated Apprendi because it failed to instruct the jury as
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to drug type and quantity and that it enhanced his sentence based upon drug
amounts not found by a jury. We agree that this argument is without merit and
will therefore grant counsel’s motion for leave to withdraw.
Mr. Anderson claims that because the district court did not instruct the jury
on drug type and amount that he should have been convicted pursuant to 21
U.S.C. § 841(b)(1)(C) as opposed to §§ 841(b)(1)(A) or (b)(1)(B). Assuming he
is correct, the Apprendi argument would still fail. Apprendi held that “[o]ther
than the fact of a prior conviction, any fact that increases the penalty for a crime
beyond the prescribed statutory maximum must be submitted to a jury, and proved
beyond a reasonable doubt.” Apprendi, 530 U.S. at 490. Mr. Anderson was
convicted of both conspiracy and possession with intent to distribute and was
therefore subject, assuming § 841(b)(1)(C) applied, to two separate twenty-year
maximum sentences. Under United States v. Price, 265 F.3d 1097 (10th Cir.
2001), the district court was required to apply section 5G1.2(d) of the Sentencing
Guidelines. See id. at 1109 (holding that section 5G1.2(d) is a mandatory
provision). Section 5G1.2(d) provides that:
[i]f the sentence imposed on the count carrying the highest statutory
maximum is less than the total punishment [arrived at through
application of the Guidelines], then the sentence imposed on one or
more of the other counts shall run consecutively, but only to the
extent necessary to produce a combined sentence equal to the total
punishment.
As a result, section 5G1.2(d) required the district court to combine Mr.
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Anderson’s two sentences to equate the 262 to 327 month sentence he would have
received under the Guidelines. See II Aplt. App. at 45 (noting applicable
Guideline sentence); see also Price, 265 F.3d at 1109 (stating that section 5G1.2
required the district court to run sentences consecutively to approximate the
Guideline sentence of life imprisonment).
Thus, the district court did not impose a sentence beyond the statutory
maximum and Apprendi is not implicated. See United States v. Thompson, 237
F.3d 1258, 1262 (10th Cir. 2001). Further, Mr. Anderson’s suggestion that the
district court inappropriately enhanced his sentence based upon drug quantities
not found by the jury is, quite simply, incorrect. We have held, subsequent to the
Apprendi decision, that judges may “ascertain drug quantities by a preponderance
of the evidence for the purpose of calculating offense levels under the Sentencing
Guidelines, so long as they do not sentence above the statutory maximum for the
jury-fixed crime.” United States v. Heckard, 238 F.3d 1222, 1236 (10th Cir.
2001) (citation omitted).
Accordingly, we AFFIRM the district court. Appellate counsel’s request for
leave to withdraw is GRANTED. All other pending motions are DENIED.
Entered for the Court
Paul J. Kelly, Jr.
Circuit Judge
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