Satterlee v. Addison , 354 F. App'x 292 ( 2009 )

FILED
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
November 24, 2009
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALSElisabeth A. Shumaker
Clerk of Court
TENTH CIRCUIT
JAMES CURTIS SATTERLEE,
Petitioner - Appellant,
v. No. 09-7069
(D. Ct. No. 6:06-CV-00473-RAW-KEW)
MIKE ADDISON, Warden, Joseph Harp (E.D. Okla.)
Correctional Center,
Respondent - Appellee.
ORDER DENYING CERTIFICATE OF APPEALABILITY*
Before TACHA, TYMKOVICH, and GORSUCH, Circuit Judges.
James Curtis Satterlee, a state prisoner proceeding pro se, seeks a certificate of
appealability (“COA”) to appeal from the dismissal of his habeas petition brought under
28 U.S.C. § 2254. We take jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, DENY Mr. Satterlee’s
request for a COA, and DISMISS this appeal.
I. BACKGROUND
In July 2002, fourteen-year-old Thomas (“T.J.”) Satterlee ran away from home.
When he was picked up by police three days later, T.J. told them that his father, Mr.
*
This order is not binding precedent except under the doctrines of law of the case,
res judicata and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value
consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
Satterlee, had physically and sexually abused him. T.J. was placed in protective custody
where he was interviewed by police and underwent a medical examination which
revealed injuries consistent with long-term sexual abuse. Mr. Satterlee was arrested and
charged in Oklahoma state court with instances of abuse which allegedly occurred on July
4, 2002.
The evidence introduced against Mr. Satterlee at trial included T.J.’s testimony,
the testimony of the nurse who performed T.J.’s sexual abuse examination, and the
testimony of family friends and acquaintances who described the relationship between
T.J. and Mr. Satterlee. The State was also allowed to introduce and play for the jury an
explicit homemade eight-millimeter videotape showing Mr. Satterlee and his wife Nancy
Satterlee having sex. The State argued that the sexual acts depicted on the tape were
similar to the acts T.J. alleged, such that they constituted Mr. Satterlee’s “signature.” The
State admitted that beyond T.J.’s testimony and the videotape, “there was no other
evidence that showed [Mr. Satterlee] had a propensity toward the various unconventional
sexual acts he was accused of conducting with [T.J.].”
Mr. Satterlee was convicted by a jury in 2003 of one count of first-degree rape,
three counts of forcible sodomy, one count of lewd molestation, and one count of rape by
instrumentation. He was subsequently sentenced to twenty years’ imprisonment for each
offense, the sentences to be served consecutively. The Oklahoma Court of Criminal
Appeals affirmed Mr. Satterlee’s conviction on direct appeal. His application for state
post-conviction relief was denied.
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Mr. Satterlee then sought § 2254 relief, arguing that he received ineffective
assistance of counsel at trial and on appeal. The district court adopted the magistrate’s
report and recommendation and denied Mr. Satterlee’s habeas petition. In his application
for COA, Mr. Satterlee contends that his trial and appellate counsel were constitutionally
deficient “by failing to challenge the illegal seizure of the home-made video . . . as
beyond the scope/language of the warrant,” and that appellate counsel was ineffective by
omitting the same claim from the ineffective assistance and cumulative error claims
raised on direct appeal.
II. DISCUSSION
A § 2254 petitioner may not appeal from a final order in a habeas proceeding
without first obtaining a COA. 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(1)(A). We will issue a COA “only if
the applicant has made a substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right.” Id.§ 2253(c)(2). When the district court denies the petitioner’s claim on the merits, “[t]he
petitioner must demonstrate that reasonable jurists would find the district court’s
assessment of the constitutional claims debatable or wrong.” Slack v. McDaniel, 529 U.S.
473, 484 (2000).
The district court denied Mr. Satterlee’s petition, holding that trial and appellate
counsel were not ineffective for failing to seek the suppression of the homemade
videotape because it fit the description in the warrant and was therefore properly seized.
We do not believe reasonable jurists would find the district court’s decision debatable or
wrong. The Fourth Amendment protects persons from unreasonable searches and
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seizures. U.S. Const. amend. IV. Generally, police are required to obtain a search
warrant, which issues only on a showing of probable cause. See id.; Ornelas v. United
States, 517 U.S. 690, 699 (1996) (“The Fourth Amendment demonstrates a strong
preference for searches conducted pursuant to a warrant.”) (quotations omitted). In
addition to the requirement of probable cause, a search warrant must describe with
particularity the items to be seized. U.S. Const. amend. IV. “The particularity
requirement is satisfied when the description of an item to be searched for and seized
pursuant to the warrant ‘enables the searcher to reasonably ascertain and identify the
things authorized to be seized.’” United States v. Sells, 463 F.3d 1148, 1154 (10th Cir.
2006) (quoting United States v. Leary, 846 F.2d 592, 600 (10th Cir. 1988)).
Nevertheless, “‘[e]ven a warrant that describes the items to be seized in broad or generic
terms may be valid when the description is as specific as the circumstances and the nature
of the activity under investigation permit.’” Id. (quoting Leary, 846 F.2d at 600).
The search warrant issued for Mr. Satterlee’s home authorized the seizure of,
among other things, “any evidence of video pornography used while molesting Thomas
Satterlee.” Mr. Satterlee contends that this description implicitly included the limitation
that only items which were “commercial” and in VHS format could be seized. He bases
this assertion on an interview given by T.J. on July 9, 2002. As the district court noted,
however, the warrant was executed on July 8, 2002, and therefore was not reflective of
such testimony. At the time police obtained and executed the warrant, they only knew
that T.J. stated “his father starts watching pornographic movies” prior to the alleged
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abuse. We therefore agree with the district court that “the warrant was as specific as the
knowledge and circumstances at the time allowed.”
Furthermore, we agree with the district court that the homemade videotape fit the
description of items to be seized under the warrant. As addressed above, police were
looking for “video pornography used while molesting Thomas Satterlee.” The parties
agree that Nancy Satterlee informed the officers of the videotape and described its
content. The videotape contained a sexual movie which might have been used while
molesting T.J., and therefore fell within the scope of the warrant. Because the warrant
was as particular as allowed under the circumstances and the videotape seized was within
the category of items described in the warrant, we agree with the district court’s
determination that neither trial counsel nor appellate counsel were ineffective in failing to
raise this issue.
III. CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, we find that reasonable jurists could not debate whether
the district court was correct to dismiss Mr. Satterlee’s habeas petition. Accordingly, we
DENY Mr. Satterlee’s request for a COA and DISMISS this appeal. We GRANT his
request to proceed in forma pauperis on appeal.
ENTERED FOR THE COURT,
Deanell Reece Tacha
Circuit Judge
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