Goodloe v. Smelser ( 2010 )

FILED
United States Court of Appeals
Tenth Circuit
June 29, 2010
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
Elisabeth A. Shumaker
TENTH CIRCUIT Clerk of Court
GREGORY GOODLOE,
Petitioner - Appellant,
v. No. 10-1165
(D. Colorado)
DICK SMELSER, Warden; THE (D.C. No. 1:08-CV-00094-CMA)
ATTORNEY GENERAL OF THE
STATE OF COLORADO,
Respondents - Appellees.
ORDER DENYING CERTIFICATE
OF APPEALABILITY
Before MURPHY, GORSUCH, and HOLMES, Circuit Judges.
This matter is before the court on Gregory Goodloe’s pro se requests for a
certificate of appealability (“COA”) and to proceed on appeal in forma pauperis.
Goodloe seeks a COA so he can appeal the district court’s denial of his 28 U.S.C.
§ 2254 petition. 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(1)(A). We grant Goodloe’s request to
proceed on appeal in forma pauperis. Because he has not, however, “made a
substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right,” id. § 2253(c)(2), this
court denies Goodloe’s request for a COA and dismisses this appeal.
On November 12, 2002, Goodloe was arrested and placed in federal
custody at the Federal Detention Center in Englewood, Colorado, pursuant to a
Federal Parole Revocation Warrant. He was thereafter transferred to the Federal
Correctional Institute in Florence, Colorado. On February 7, 2003, while
Goodloe was in federal custody, a forty-five-count felony complaint was filed in
the Arapahoe County District Court, Englewood, Colorado, charging Goodloe
with fifteen counts of sexual assault on a child, fifteen counts of sexual assault on
a child by one in a position of trust, and fifteen counts of aggravated incest. A
state arrest warrant was issued the same day. After the state charges were filed,
Goodloe was transported from the federal facilities to Arapahoe County District
Court on numerous occasions for pretrial court appearances in the state case.
Goodloe was returned to federal custody after each state court appearance. The
warrant on the state charges remained active throughout the period Goodloe was
transferred between state and federal custody.
On January 21, 2004, Goodloe filed a motion in state court to dismiss the
criminal complaint, arguing his transport between state and federal custody
violated the anti-shuttling provision of the Interstate Agreement on Detainers Act
(“IAD”). The state trial court denied the motion on February 3, 2004, after a
hearing. Shortly thereafter, Goodloe pleaded guilty in state court to one added
charge pursuant to a plea agreement under which all of the original charges were
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dismissed. Goodloe was sentenced to six years’ imprisonment in the Colorado
Department of Corrections, to run concurrently with his federal sentence.
Goodloe appealed the judgment of conviction, seeking review of the trial court’s
ruling denying his motion to dismiss. The Colorado Court of Appeals affirmed
the judgment of conviction, concluding Goodloe waived his rights under the
anti-shuttling provision of the IAD by entering his guilty plea. The Colorado
Supreme Court denied Goodloe’s Petition for Writ of Certiorari.
Goodloe then filed the instant § 2254 habeas petition, raising the same
IAD-based argument he raised in state court. The federal district court
concluded, inter alia, that Goodloe was not entitled to habeas relief because the
state court decision on waiver was not contrary to or an unreasonable application
of clearly established Supreme Court precedent.
The granting of a COA is a jurisdictional prerequisite to Goodloe’s appeal
from the dismissal of his § 2254 petition. Miller-El v. Cockrell, 537 U.S. 322,
336 (2003). To be entitled to a COA, Goodloe must make “a substantial showing
of the denial of a constitutional right.” 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2). To make the
requisite showing, he must demonstrate “reasonable jurists could debate whether
(or, for that matter, agree that) the petition should have been resolved in a
different manner or that the issues presented were adequate to deserve
encouragement to proceed further.” Miller-El, 537 U.S. at 336 (quotations
omitted). In evaluating whether Goodloe has satisfied his burden, this court
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undertakes “a preliminary, though not definitive, consideration of the [legal]
framework” applicable to each of his claims. Id. at 338. Although Goodloe need
not demonstrate his appeal will succeed to be entitled to a COA, he must “prove
something more than the absence of frivolity or the existence of mere good faith.”
Id.Having undertaken a review of Goodloe’s appellate filings, the district
court’s Order, and the entire record before this court, we conclude Goodloe is not
entitled to a COA. The Supreme Court has specifically held that a knowing and
voluntary guilty plea constitutes a waiver of all nonjurisdictional challenges to a
conviction. Tollett v. Henderson, 411 U.S. 258, 267 (1973). Federal courts have
uniformly concluded the rule set out in Tollett applies to challenges to a
conviction based on alleged violations of the IAD. See, e.g., Baxter v. United
States, 966 F.2d 387, 389 (8th Cir. 1992); United States v. Fulford, 825 F.2d 3, 10
(3d Cir. 1987); Hudson v. Moran, 760 F.2d 1027, 1029-30 (9th Cir. 1985).
Accordingly, the Colorado state court’s decision is not contrary to or an
unreasonable application of clearly established Supreme Court precedent and the
district court’s decision to deny Goodloe’s request for habeas relief is not
reasonably subject to debate.
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For that reason, this court DENIES Goodloe’s request for a COA and
DISMISSES this appeal. 1
ENTERED FOR THE COURT
Michael R. Murphy
Circuit Judge
1
Goodloe’s Motion to Add Documents of Evidence into the Record is
hereby denied. The conclusion that Goodloe waived any rights he had under the
IAD when he pleaded guilty renders irrelevant the question whether Goodloe’s
transfers between federal and state detention were pursuant to the IAD or, instead,
pursuant to writs of habeas corpus ad prosequendum.
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