Bird v. Wyoming Department of Corrections State Penitentiary Warden , 667 F. App'x 693 ( 2016 )

FILED
United States Court of Appeals
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS Tenth Circuit
FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT June 30, 2016
Elisabeth A. Shumaker
Clerk of Court
CHESTER LOYDE BIRD,
Petitioner - Appellant,
v. No. 16-8031
(D.C. No. 2:98-CV-00183-WFD)
WYOMING DEPARTMENT OF (D. Wyo.)
CORRECTIONS STATE
PENITENTIARY WARDEN;
WYOMING ATTORNEY GENERAL,
Respondents - Appellees.
ORDER DENYING CERTIFICATE OF APPEALABILITY*
Before TYMKOVICH, Chief Judge, BRISCOE and HARTZ, Circuit Judges.
Chester Bird, a Wyoming state prisoner proceeding pro se, seeks a certificate
of appealability (COA) to appeal the district court’s decision construing his
Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(b) motion as an unauthorized second-or-successive 28 U.S.C.
§ 2254 petition and dismissing it for lack of jurisdiction. We deny a COA and
dismiss this matter.
*
This order is not binding precedent except under the doctrines of law of the
case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its
persuasive value consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
In 1994, Mr. Bird pled guilty to one count of first-degree sexual assault and
one count of kidnapping and was sentenced to two concurrent life sentences. Over
the last two decades, Mr. Bird has filed numerous motions in state court seeking to
withdraw his guilty plea and challenge the legality of his sentence, but the Wyoming
Supreme Court has upheld his convictions and sentence. Mr. Bird has been equally
unsuccessful in federal court: the district court has denied four petitions for habeas
relief against the Wyoming Department of Corrections, and this court has denied four
applications for a COA and one motion to file a second-or-successive § 2254
petition.
Relevant here, Mr. Bird filed a § 2254 petition in 1998. The district court
denied the petition and dismissed the case in 1999, and we denied Mr. Bird’s
application for a COA. See Bird v. Everett, No. 99-8108, 2000 WL 717089, at *1
(10th Cir. June 2, 2000). In December 2015, Mr. Bird filed a motion under
Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(b)(6), seeking relief from the district court’s 1999 dismissal order.
On March 21, 2016, the district court concluded that the Rule 60(b) motion
constituted an attempt to file a second-or-successive § 2254 motion without prior
authorization and dismissed the motion for lack of jurisdiction. The district court
also concluded that it was not in the interests of justice to transfer the motion to this
court because Mr. Bird did not assert a meritorious claim. Mr. Bird now seeks a
COA to appeal from the district court’s March 21, 2016, order.
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To obtain a COA, Mr. Bird must show that “jurists of reason would find it
debatable whether the district court was correct in its procedural ruling.” Slack v.
McDaniel, 529 U.S. 473, 484 (2000). A prisoner may not file a second-or-successive
§ 2254 petition unless he first obtains an order from the circuit court authorizing the
district court to consider the petition. 28 U.S.C. § 2244(b)(3)(A). Absent such
authorization, a district court lacks jurisdiction to address the merits of a
second-or-successive § 2254 petition. In re Cline, 531 F.3d 1249, 1251 (10th Cir.
2008) (per curiam).
A prisoner’s post-conviction filing, however entitled, should be treated as a
second-or-successive § 2254 petition if it seeks to present new claims for relief from
a state court’s judgment of conviction, Gonzalez v. Crosby, 545 U.S. 524, 531
(2005), and does not “seek[] to correct an error in the previously conducted habeas
proceeding itself,” United States v. Nelson, 465 F.3d 1145, 1147 (10th Cir. 2006).
A Rule 60(b) motion may not be treated as a second-or-successive § 2254 petition if
it challenges “a procedural ruling of the habeas court which precluded a merits
determination of the habeas application” or “a defect in the integrity of the federal
habeas proceeding,” as long as “such a challenge does not itself lead inextricably to a
merits-based attack on the disposition of a prior habeas petition.” Spitznas v. Boone,
464 F.3d 1213, 1215-16 (10th Cir. 2006).
In his Rule 60(b) motion, Mr. Bird argued that (1) the state sentencing judge
misstated the maximum sentence before Mr. Bird entered his guilty plea, and (2) the
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Wyoming Supreme Court committed a procedural error by applying the wrong
standard of review during his first appeal. He thus asserted a basis for relief from his
underlying convictions and did not raise a claim about a procedural ruling of the
habeas court or a defect in the integrity of his federal habeas proceeding, as
contemplated by Gonzalez and Spitznas.
Reasonable jurists could not debate that the district court was correct in its
procedural ruling to treat Mr. Bird’s Rule 60(b) motion as an unauthorized
second-or-successive § 2254 petition. Accordingly, we deny a COA and dismiss this
matter.
Entered for the Court
ELISABETH A. SHUMAKER, Clerk
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