Daniel Lambert v. Alabama Dept. of Youth Services ( 2005 )

[DO NOT PUBLISH]
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT FILED
________________________ U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
October 21, 2005
No. 04-14952 THOMAS K. KAHN
Non-Argument Calendar CLERK
________________________
D. C. Docket No. 02-02801-CV-B-S
DANIEL LAMBERT,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
versus
ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF YOUTH SERVICES,
Defendant-Appellee,
BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF DEPARTMENT OF YOUTH
SERVICES, et al.,
Defendants.
________________________
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Northern District of Alabama
_________________________
(October 21, 2005)
Before CARNES, MARCUS and FAY, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:
Daniel Lambert, an African-American male, appeals pro se the dismissal
without prejudice of his civil action alleging wrongful discharge on the basis of
race, racial harassment, and retaliation in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights
Act, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5. Lambert argues on appeal that the district court
improperly dismissed his complaint for having alleged discriminatory acts
differing from those presented to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
(EEOC) in his original administrative charge of discrimination. For the reasons set
forth more fully below, we affirm.
Lambert, proceeding pro se below, sued his former employer, the Alabama
Department of Youth Services, and several individuals, alleging racial
discrimination, harassment, intimidation, and retaliation under Title VII, 42 U.S.C.
§ 2000e-5.1 Specifically, Lambert, a former Youth Services Aide, alleged in his
complaint that his supervisor was requiring him to strip and wax floors, which was
not part of his job description, and that, if he failed to do so, it would be reflected
in a lower evaluation. He further alleged that the sick leave policy was being
1
The case styling of the action was later amended to reflect that liability could be
asserted only against Lambert’s employer, Alabama Department of Youth Services, rather than
any individual defendants. Thus, the defendant is referred to as “the state” in this opinion.
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applied against him in a discriminatory fashion because he was required, on one
occasion, to provide a doctor’s letter excusing a sick day. Lambert sought
compensatory, punitive, and any other damages the court deemed feasible.
Included with his complaint was, inter alia, a notice of right to sue letter issued by
the EEOC on August 30, 2002.
The state responded by filing a motion to dismiss the complaint for, inter
alia, failure to exhaust administrative remedies. It argued that Lambert’s charge of
discrimination, filed with the EEOC on July 12, 2002, alleged only that Lambert
had been suspended for being disruptive and had been transferred to a less
desirable shift. The “charge of discrimination” was attached, and alleged that, on
June 20, 2002, Lambert was “suspended for one day” for being disruptive, and
that, on June 22, 2002, Lambert was transferred to a “less desirable shift.” Because
Lambert’s complaint mentioned issues concerning his sick leave and being
required to wax and strip floors, the state argued that the district court had no
jurisdiction over the complaint because the allegations of the complaint were
unrelated to the charge of discrimination filed with the EEOC.
Lambert objected to the state’s motion, but did not address the failure to
exhaust argument directly. Instead, he argued that his complaint should have been
construed as defective and that he should be given the opportunity to amend it.
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Lambert further argued that the complaint should not be dismissed because there
were justiciable and valid issues to address. He also filed a motion for judgment
by default, and included with that motion another right to sue letter issued by the
EEOC on March 17, 2003. The state’s motion was denied, based in part on the
March 17, 2003, letter, which the magistrate said suggested at least some
additional EEOC action since Lambert’s June 2002 complaint, and the requirement
that Lambert’s pro se complaint be construed liberally.
Lambert then amended his complaint, including the same claims as before
regarding sick leave and the stripping and waxing of floors, and adding a claim
alleging that the state violated his First Amendment rights when it retaliated
against him for speaking out on a matter of public concern. Specifically, Lambert
alleged that he was terminated for complaining that the “Thomasville facility” was
out of compliance with the “A.W. Consent Decree,” and for ordering someone to
retrieve a nurse to attend to a sick student whom his supervisor believed was
“faking it.” Several months later, an attorney entered an appearance on Lambert’s
behalf.
In response to Lambert’s amended complaint, the state filed a renewed
motion to dismiss the complaint, arguing that (1) the substance of Lambert’s
complaint did not match the allegations of the charge of discrimination filed with
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the EEOC, and (2) in any event, the March 17, 2003, letter was not a “Right to
Sue” letter from the Attorney General, but rather a simple determination letter from
the EEOC, and the state argued that Lambert, therefore, had failed to plead a
jurisdictional requirement of 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5(f)(1). Attached were the March
17, 2003, “notice of suit rights,” referencing Charge No. 130 A30 0993, and the
July 12, 2002, “charge of discrimination” filed with the EEOC and referencing
Charge No. 130A202606. Lambert was informed that he had one week to respond.
A magistrate then issued a report and recommendation and, after noting that
Lambert failed to respond to the state’s renewed motion to dismiss, found that the
only EEOC charge that it was aware of was the one alleging that Lambert was
suspended for being disruptive and assigned to a less desirable shift. Because
those charges were different from the ones raised in Lambert’s amended complaint,
and there was no evidence that the allegations in that complaint were raised in a
separate EEOC charge, the magistrate recommended dismissing the complaint
without prejudice for failure to exhaust remedies. The district court adopted the
magistrate’s recommendation and dismissed the case without prejudice on July 29,
2004. However, three days earlier, Lambert had filed a motion to set aside the
judgment and reinstate the case because of his attorney’s inadequate representation
and failure to lodge objections to the magistrate’s report. A magistrate granted the
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motion for the limited purpose of permitting Lambert to file objections to the
report.
Lambert then filed objections, requesting leniency regarding his complaint
due to his pro se status and arguing that he had complied with Fed.R.Civ.P. 8(a)(1).
He further argued that 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5(f)(1) did not require that the Attorney
General issue a right to sue letter, but dealt with notice of any conciliation
agreement reached. The district court reviewed the objections, found them to be
without merit, and again ordered the case dismissed without prejudice.
On appeal, Lambert proceeds pro se, arguing that the district court erred by
dismissing his complaint and he believes that his case should be allowed to go
forward. In his statement of the facts, Lambert reiterates that his supervisor
demanded that he strip and wax floors, which was not a part of his duties, and if he
failed to do so, it would be reflected in his evaluation. He further notes that a
white supervisor permitted white students to enter the building unsupervised, but
reprimanded blacks, including Lambert, for doing the same thing. Lastly, he
argues that he was entitled to sick pay and that the sick leave policy was inherently
discriminatory. Lambert does not make any argument regarding the First
Amendment claim.2
2
This issue is deemed waived. See Farrow v. West, 320 F.3d 1235, 1242 n.10 (11th Cir.
2003). Furthermore, Lambert’s allegation that a white supervisor allowed white students to enter
6
We review de novo a district court’s order granting a motion to dismiss.
McGinley v. Houston, 361 F.3d 1328, 1330 (11th Cir. 2004). “No action alleging
a violation of Title VII may be brought unless the alleged discrimination has been
made the subject of a timely-filed EEOC charge.” Alexander v. Fulton County,
Georgia, 207 F.3d 1303, 1332 (11th Cir. 2000) citing 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-5.
“EEOC regulations provide that charges should contain, among other things, ‘[a]
clear and concise statement of the facts, including pertinent dates, constituting the
alleged unlawful employment practices.’” Id. citing 29 C.F.R. § 1601.12(a)(3). “A
plaintiff’s judicial complaint is limited by the scope of the EEOC investigation
which can reasonably be expected to grow out of the charge of discrimination.” Id.“The filing of an administrative complaint with the EEOC is ordinarily a
jurisdictional prerequisite to a Title VII action.” Chanda v. Engelhard/ICC, 234
F.3d 1219, 1225 (11th Cir. 2000).
As we have explained, “[t]he purpose of this exhaustion requirement ‘is that
the [EEOC] should have the first opportunity to investigate the alleged
discriminatory practices to permit it to perform its role in obtaining voluntary
the building unsupervised but reprimanded Lambert and black children for doing the same thing
is raised for the first time on appeal, will not be considered. See Access Now, Inc. v. Southwest
Airlines Co., 385 F.3d 1324, 1331 (11th Cir. 2004). In any event, as discussed below, none of
these allegations were related to the only record evidence of charges of discrimination filed with
the EEOC and, therefore, these allegations are not properly before us on that ground as well.
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compliance and promoting conciliation efforts.’” Gregory v. Georgia Dep’t of
Human Resources, 355 F.3d 1277, 1279 (11th Cir. 2004) (citation omitted). Thus,
we have held that “judicial claims are allowed if they ‘amplify, clarify, or more
clearly focus’ the allegations in the EEOC complaint, but [have] cautioned that
allegations of new acts of discrimination are inappropriate.” Id. at 1279-80(citation omitted).
The record in this case reveals two different EEOC notices of a right to sue,
but only one actual charge of discrimination. That one charge of discrimination,
filed on July 12, 2002, stated that, on June 20, 2002, Lambert was suspended for
one day for being disruptive, and that on or about June 22, 2002, he was
transferred to a less desirable shift. Lambert claimed that these actions were
discriminatory based on his race and sex, and that he was retaliated against for
filing a grievance.
Lambert’s amended complaint, however, alleges that his supervisor has
demanded that Lambert wax and strip floors, something not a part of his job duties,
and that if Lambert fails to do so, it would be reflected in a negative evaluation.
He further alleges that the sick leave policy is inherently discriminatory, and cites
an incident where he called in sick, was told that he had to bring a doctor’s note
excusing his absence, and ended up being denied paid sick leave.
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On these allegations, we conclude that the district court properly found that
Lambert had failed to exhaust his remedies with the EEOC, and properly granted
the state’s motion to dismiss. Lambert’s claim to the EEOC, that he was
suspended for being disrupted and transferred to a less desirable shift on the basis
of his race and gender, would not reasonably lead the EEOC to investigate whether
Lambert was being forced to wax and strip floors or being denied sick leave on the
basis of his race and gender. These allegations do not clarify, amplify, or more
clearly focus the allegations in the original EEOC complaint, but rather are
allegations of new acts of discrimination that this Court has held are inappropriate.
See Gregory, 355 F.3d at 1279-80. There is no evidence in the record that Lambert
raised these claims to the EEOC in a formal charge of discrimination and,
therefore, Lambert improperly failed to exhaust his remedies prior to filing suit in
the district court.
Accordingly, the district court did not err by dismissing Lambert’s
complaint without prejudice. We, therefore, affirm.
AFFIRMED.
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