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11-1799-ag Gunawan v. Holder BIA Hom, IJ A089 254 179 A089 254 180 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL. 1 At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals 2 for the Second Circuit, held at the Daniel Patrick Moynihan 3 United States Courthouse, 500 Pearl Street, in the City of 4 New York, on the 12th day of January, two thousand twelve. 5 6 PRESENT: 7 GUIDO CALABRESI, 8 ROBERT A. KATZMANN, 9 RICHARD C. WESLEY, 10 Circuit Judges. 11 _____________________________________ 12 13 RE INA GUNAWAN, IRSAN SUTANTO, 14 Petitioners, 15 16 v. 11-1799-ag 17 NAC 18 ERIC H. HOLDER, JR., UNITED STATES 19 ATTORNEY GENERAL, 20 Respondent. 21 _____________________________________ 22 23 FOR PETITIONERS: H. Raymond Fasano, New York, New 24 York. 25 26 FOR RESPONDENT: Tony West, Assistant Attorney 27 General; Alison M. Igoe, Senior 28 Litigation Counsel; John M. McAdams, 29 Jr., Civil Division, Office of 30 Immigration Litigation, United 31 States Department of Justice, 32 Washington, D.C. 1 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION of this petition for review of a 2 decision of the Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”), it is 3 hereby ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED, that the Petitioners’ 4 petition for review is DENIED. 5 Re Ina Gunawan and Irsan Sutanto, natives and citizens 6 of Indonesia, seek review of an April 8, 2011, decision of 7 the BIA affirming the February 2, 2009, decision of 8 Immigration Judge (“IJ”) Sandy K. Hom, denying their 9 application for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief 10 under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). In re Re Ina 11 Gunawan and Irsan Sutanto, No. A089 254 179/180 (B.I.A. Apr. 12 8, 2011), aff’g No. A089 254 179/180 (Immig. Ct. N.Y. City 13 Feb. 2, 2009). We assume the parties’ familiarity with the 14 underlying facts and procedural history of this case. 15 Under the circumstances of this case, we have reviewed 16 both the IJ’s and the BIA’s opinions for the sake of 17 completeness. Zaman v. Mukasey,
514 F.3d 233, 237 (2d Cir. 18 2008). The applicable standards of review are well- 19 established. See
8 U.S.C. § 1252(b)(4)(B); Shu Wen Sun v. 20 BIA,
510 F.3d 377, 379 (2d Cir. 2008). 21 Petitioners have not argued in their brief that the 22 agency erred in finding their asylum application untimely, 23 or in denying their application for CAT relief. Further, 2 1 petitioners failed to raise their argument that they belong 2 to a disfavored group before the agency, and we decline to 3 consider the unexhausted claim. See Foster v. INS,
376 F.3d 475, 78 (2d Cir. 2004). 5 We find that substantial evidence supports the agency’s 6 finding that petitioners did not establish past persecution. 7 The incidents complained of – including robberies and 8 thefts, a groping incident at a shopping mall, Gunawan 9 fleeing from rioters who were near her mother’s store, and 10 petitioners having been near a church when it was bombed – 11 did not rise to the level of persecution. See Ivanishvili 12 v. U.S. Dep’t of Justice,
433 F.3d 332, 342 (2d Cir. 2006) 13 (holding that harm must be sufficiently severe, rising above 14 mere harassment, to constitute persecution). 15 We further find that the BIA properly determined that 16 petitioners did not establish a pattern or practice of 17 persecution of Chinese Christians, and thus did not 18 establish that it was more likely than not that they would 19 be persecuted if returned to Indonesia. See 8 C.F.R. 20 § 208.16(b)(1); Ramsameachire v. Ashcroft,
357 F.3d 169, 178 21 (2d Cir. 2004). The agency reviewed the evidence, including 22 United States State Department Country Reports, and 3 1 determined that instances of violence against Chinese 2 Christians in Indonesia have decreased, the Indonesian 3 government recognizes Christianity, and Chinese Christians 4 play a significant role in the economy. See Santoso v. 5 Holder,
580 F.3d 110, 112 (2d Cir. 2009). Petitioners’ 6 argument that Santoso is distinguishable, and that this case 7 is analogous to Mufied v. Mukasey,
508 F.3d 88(2d Cir. 8 2007), is without merit. The agency reviewed the evidence 9 and correctly applied the “pattern or practice” standard to 10 their claim. See Santoso,
580 F.3d at 112; cf. Mufied, 508 11 F.3d at 92-93 (remanding to the BIA where the agency failed 12 to address petitioner’s pattern or practice claim). 13 For the foregoing reasons, the petition for review is 14 DENIED. As we have completed our review, any stay of 15 removal that the Court previously granted in this petition 16 is VACATED, and any pending motion for a stay of removal in 17 this petition is DISMISSED as moot. Any pending request for 18 oral argument in this petition is DENIED in accordance with 19 Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure 34(a)(2), and Second 20 Circuit Local Rule 34.1(b). 21 FOR THE COURT: 22 Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk 23 4
Document Info
Docket Number: 11-1799-ag
Citation Numbers: 447 F. App'x 279
Judges: Calabresi, Katzmann, Wesley
Filed Date: 1/12/2012
Precedential Status: Non-Precedential
Modified Date: 11/5/2024