United States v. Mercede (Garcia) , 354 F. App'x 477 ( 2009 )

08-4446-cr (L), 08-4913-cr (CON)
USA v. Mercede (Garcia)
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO
SUMMARY ORDERS FILED AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED
BY THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1 AND FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE
32.1. IN A BRIEF OR OTHER PAPER IN WHICH A LITIGANT CITES A SUMMARY ORDER,
IN EACH PARAGRAPH IN WHICH A CITATION APPEARS, AT LEAST ONE CITATION MUST
EITHER BE TO THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR BE ACCOMPANIED BY THE NOTATION:
“(SUMMARY ORDER).” A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF
THAT SUMMARY ORDER TOGETHER WITH THE PAPER IN WHICH THE SUMMARY
ORDER IS CITED ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL UNLESS THE
SUMMARY ORDER IS AVAILABLE IN AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE WHICH IS PUBLICLY
ACCESSIBLE WITHOUT PAYMENT OF FEE (SUCH AS THE DATABASE AVAILABLE AT
HTTP://WWW.CA2.USCOURTS.GOV/). IF NO COPY IS SERVED BY REASON OF THE
AVAILABILITY OF THE ORDER ON SUCH A DATABASE, THE CITATION MUST INCLUDE
REFERENCE TO THAT DATABASE AND THE DOCKET NUMBER OF THE CASE IN WHICH
THE ORDER WAS ENTERED.
At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the
Daniel Patrick Moynihan Courthouse, 500 Pearl Street, in the City of New York, on the 25th day
of November, two thousand nine.
Present:
JOHN M. WALKER, JR.,
ROBERT A. KATZMANN,
DEBRA ANN LIVINGSTON,
Circuit Judges.
________________________________________________
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Appellee,
v. Nos. 08-4446-cr(L),
08-4913-cr(CON)
JULIO A. ORTIZ, also known as “Junior,” JORGE BADILLA, also known as “Eagle,”
Defendants,
RENALDO GARCIA, also known as “Shorty,” JOSE MERCEDE, also known as “Daddy-O,”
Defendants-Appellants.
________________________________________________
For Defendant-Appellant
Jose Mercede: B. ALAN SEIDLER, New York, NY
For Appellee: RACHEL J. NASH (Jo Ann M. Navickas, on the brief),
Assistant United States Attorneys, for Benton J.
Campbell, United States Attorney for the Eastern
District of New York, Brooklyn, NY
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York
(Gleeson, J.).
ON CONSIDERATION WHEREOF, it is hereby ORDERED, ADJUDGED, and
DECREED that the order of the district court is AFFIRMED.
Defendant-appellant Jose Mercede appeals from an order of the district court entered
September 24, 2008, denying his motion for a sentencing reduction. We assume the parties’
familiarity with the facts, procedural history, and specification of issues on appeal.
Mercede contends that the district court’s finding that he was responsible for more than
4.5 kilograms of crack cocaine was not supported by the evidence and that the district court did
not sufficiently explain why it was denying Mercede’s motion.1 His arguments are without merit.
1
At the time of Mercede’s original sentencing, the district court accepted the PSR’s
determination that Mercede’s base offense level was 38, which corresponded to a finding that
Mercede was responsible for 1.5 kilograms or more of crack cocaine. The PSR stated that a base
offense level of 38 was appropriate because Mercede was responsible for at least 26 kilograms of
cocaine, a finding that the district court did not explicitly adopt at the sentencing, but to which
Mercede did not object. When considering Mercede’s motion to reduce his sentence, the court
found a potential “fairness problem” with simply accepting that Mercede had been found
responsible at his sentencing for at least 26 kilograms of cocaine as set forth in the PSR because
the district court thought that, under the then-mandatory Guidelines scheme, a defendant who
“believed in his heart that the actual facts were [that he was responsible for] an amount of crack
2
First, the evidence was more than sufficient to allow the district court to find Mercede’s
offense involved more than 4.5 kilograms of crack cocaine. The government presented, inter
alia, Mercede’s own statement in a proffer session that the conspiracy sold, on average, 70 to 80
grams of crack cocaine per week, multiplying the lower estimate, 70 grams, by 100 weeks (less
than the total length of the charged conspiracy), yields a total of 7 kilograms of crack cocaine
sold by the conspiracy, well above the 4.5 kilogram threshold at issue here. Although on appeal
Mercede argues that the crack cocaine amounts the government offered are “either vague, or
undefined, and clearly not placed in the context of a time frame,” Mercede did not make this
argument to the district court, and we see no error in the district court’s conclusion that Mercede
was responsible for at least 4.5 kilograms of crack cocaine, given his own quite specific estimate
of the amount of crack cocaine the conspiracy sold per week and the duration of that conspiracy.
Second, the district court was sufficiently specific in its explanation of why it was
denying Mercede’s motion. The district court said:
The motion is denied. I find after a hearing on the issue that the quantity of crack cocaine
involved in the offense far exceeded 4.5 kilograms. Accordingly, the application of the
retroactive guideline to the defendant’s case does not produce a lower sentencing range.
He is therefore ineligible for a reduction of sentence.
From this explanation, it is clear that the district court credited the evidence the government
submitted, including, as noted above, Mercede’s own statements in his proffer, and on that basis
found that Mercede was ineligible for a sentence reduction. In light of the hearing the district
cocaine between 1.5 kilos and 4.5 kilos . . . would have little or no incentive to litigate that issue,
and . . . would have a disincentive to litigate that issue.” To remedy the problem that it
identified, the district court held a hearing to determine the amount of crack cocaine in excess of
1.5 kilograms for which Mercede was responsible, and ultimately found that “the quantity of
crack cocaine involved in the offense far exceeded 4.5 kilograms.” Because Mercede raised no
objection to this procedure, either in the district court or on appeal, we do not review its use.
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court held and the parties’ submissions on the issue of whether Mercede was eligible for
resentencing, the district court’s explanation of its decision was sufficient, and nothing more was
required. Cf. United States v. Fernandez, 443 F.3d 19, 29 (2d Cir. 2006) (noting that “[a] court’s
reasoning can often be inferred by comparing what was argued by the parties or contained in the
pre-sentence report with what the judge did” (internal quotation marks omitted)).
For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.
FOR THE COURT:
CATHERINE O’HAGAN WOLFE, CLERK
By:_________________________________
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