Ismary Gomez v. Maximo Nacer , 622 F. App'x 110 ( 2015 )

CLD-049 NOT PRECEDENTIAL
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
___________
No. 15-1932
___________
ISMARY GOMEZ
v.
DR. MAXIMO GOMEZ NACER,
Appellant
____________________________________
On Appeal from the United States District Court
for the District of New Jersey
(D.C. Civil No. 2-14-cv-06684)
District Judge: Honorable Jose L. Linares
____________________________________
Submitted for Possible Dismissal Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)
or Summary Action Pursuant to Third Circuit LAR 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6
November 13, 2015
Before: FISHER, JORDAN and VANASKIE, Circuit Judges
(Opinion filed: November 18, 2015)
_________
OPINION*
_________
PER CURIAM
Pro se appellant Maximo Gomez Nacer appeals the District Court’s order
*
This disposition is not an opinion of the full Court and pursuant to I.O.P. 5.7 does not
constitute binding precedent.
dismissing his complaint for lack of jurisdiction. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C.
§ 1291 and exercise plenary review over the District Court’s order. See Anselma
Crossing, L.P. v. U.S. Postal Serv., 637 F.3d 238, 239 (3d Cir. 2011); Allah v. Seiverling,
229 F.3d 220, 223 (3d Cir. 2000).1 For the reasons set forth below, we will summarily
affirm the District Court’s judgment. See 3d Cir. L.A.R. 27.4; 3d Cir. I.O.P. 10.6.
Nacer initiated this action by filing a complaint in the District Court in which he
purported to appeal a judgment in his state divorce case. Nacer stated that he wished to
“provide more resources for [his] wife and daughter,” D.C. dkt. #1 at pg. 1, and alleged
that his income had been improperly suppressed due to a wide-ranging conspiracy against
him. Nacer sought $308 million in damages.
The District Court dismissed Nacer’s complaint for lack of jurisdiction.2 The
Court concluded that the complaint “fail[ed] to identify diversity amongst the parties or
present a federal question,” and that the domestic relations doctrine barred the suit. D.C.
dkt. #4 at pg. 1. Nacer filed a timely notice of appeal to this Court.
We will affirm the District Court’s judgment. To the extent that Nacer contends
that the New Jersey Superior Court harmed him by issuing the divorce decree, the claim
1
We may affirm on any ground apparent in the record. See, e.g., Hughes v. Long, 242
F.3d 121, 122 n.1 (3d Cir. 2001).
2
Because the District Court docketed Nacer’s complaint without requiring him to pay the
filing fee, we conclude that the Court implicitly granted Nacer’s motion to proceed in
forma pauperis. See Oatess v. Sobolevitch, 914 F.2d 428, 430 n.1 (3d Cir. 1990) (“When
a complaint is accompanied by a motion to proceed in forma pauperis, rather than by
2
is barred by the Rooker-Feldman doctrine. See D.C. Ct. of App. v. Feldman, 460 U.S.
462 (1983); Rooker v. Fid. Trust Co., 263 U.S. 413 (1923). That doctrine deprives
federal courts of subject-matter jurisdiction over claims when “(1) the federal plaintiff
lost in state court; (2) the plaintiff ‘complain[s] of injuries caused by [the] state-court
judgments’; (3) those judgments were rendered before the federal suit was filed; and (4)
the plaintiff is inviting the district court to review and reject the state judgments.” Great
W. Mining & Mineral Co. v. Fox Rothschild LLP, 615 F.3d 159, 166 (3d Cir. 2010)
(quoting Exxon Mobil Corp. v. Saudi Basic Indus. Corp., 544 U.S. 280, 284 (2005)).
While this doctrine is “narrow,” id. at 169, it encompasses at least some aspects of
Nacer’s complaint. The New Jersey Superior Court issued a judgment in Nacer’s divorce
case; he argues that he was injured by this judgment; the divorce decree preceded the
federal action; and he explicitly asked the District Court to overrule the state-court order.
Accordingly, to the extent Nacer challenges the divorce decree, the claim is barred by the
Rooker-Feldman doctrine. See generally Port Auth. Police Benev. Ass’n, Inc. v. Port
Auth. of N.Y. & N.J. Police Dep’t, 973 F.2d 169, 178 (3d Cir. 1992) (discussing, with
approval, Hale v. Harney, 786 F.2d 688 (5th Cir. 1986), where the Fifth Circuit applied
the Rooker-Feldman doctrine in similar circumstances).3
payment of a filing fee, the complaint is not docketed, and it is therefore not filed, until
the motion has been granted.”).
3
Likewise, to the extent that Nacer invokes diversity jurisdiction and seeks to set aside or
modify his divorce decree, the domestic-relations doctrine bars his claim. See Matusow
v. Trans-Cnty. Title Agency, LLC, 545 F.3d 241, 246 (3d Cir. 2008).
3
Nacer also appears to raise a variety of civil-rights claims, which potentially could
be cognizable under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. However, these claims were properly dismissed
under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2). See generally Denton v. Hernandez, 504 U.S. 25, 32-33
(1992).4
Accordingly, we will summarily affirm the District Court’s judgment.
4
We are satisfied that amendment to the complaint would be futile, and therefore
conclude that the District Court did not err in dismissing the complaint without providing
leave to amend. See Grayson v. Mayview State Hosp., 293 F.3d 103, 114 (3d Cir. 2002).
4