United States v. Calvin Brame, Jr. , 499 F. App'x 247 ( 2012 )


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  •                             UNPUBLISHED
    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
    FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT
    No. 12-4028
    UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
    Plaintiff – Appellee,
    v.
    CALVIN MORTIMER BRAME, JR., a/k/a C-Baby,
    Defendant - Appellant.
    Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern
    District of North Carolina, at Raleigh. James C. Dever III,
    Chief District Judge. (5:10-cr-00285-D-1)
    Submitted:   November 16, 2012            Decided:   December 13, 2012
    Before SHEDD, DAVIS, and WYNN, Circuit Judges.
    Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.
    Thomas P. McNamara, Federal Public Defender, Stephen C. Gordon,
    Assistant Federal Public Defender, Raleigh, North Carolina, for
    Appellant. Thomas G. Walker, United States Attorney, Jennifer P.
    May-Parker,   Kristine   L.   Fritz,  Assistant   United  States
    Attorneys, Raleigh, North Carolina, for Appellee.
    Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.
    PER CURIAM:
    Calvin Mortimer Brame, Jr., pled guilty to one count
    of   conspiracy         to     distribute              and    possess       with     intent        to
    distribute more than fifty grams of cocaine base, in violation
    of 
    21 U.S.C. § 846
     (2006). The district court sentenced Brame to
    120 months’ imprisonment. Brame appealed, and we remanded for
    resentencing         pursuant      to       the        Fair    Sentencing         Act     of      2010
    (“FSA”), Pub. L. No. 111-220, 
    124 Stat. 2372
    . On remand, the
    district       court    applied       the     FSA       to    Brame,      imposed       an     upward
    variance       from     the    applicable              advisory      Guidelines         range       of
    seventy     to        eighty-seven           months’          imprisonment,          and        again
    sentenced      him     to    120   months’         imprisonment.           On     appeal,       Brame
    challenges       this       sentence,        arguing          that   it     is    substantively
    unreasonable.          We affirm.
    As we have explained, “no matter what provides the
    basis for a deviation from the Guidelines range[,] we review the
    resulting sentence only for reasonableness.” United States v.
    Evans, 
    526 F.3d 155
    , 164 (4th Cir. 2008). In doing so, we apply
    an abuse-of-discretion standard. Gall v. United States, 
    552 U.S. 38
    , 51 (2007). In assessing a sentencing court’s decision to
    vary from a defendant’s Guidelines range, “we consider whether
    the sentencing court acted reasonably both with respect to its
    decision    to    impose       such     a    sentence          and   with       respect      to    the
    extent    of    the     divergence          from       the    sentencing         range.”       United
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    States    v.    Hernandez-Villanueva,         
    473 F.3d 118
    ,   123    (4th    Cir.
    2007). We will find a sentence to be unreasonable “[i]f [the
    sentencing] court provides an inadequate statement of reasons or
    relies on improper factors in imposing a sentence outside the
    properly calculated advisory sentencing range.” 
    Id.
    Relying on Tapia v. United States, 
    131 S. Ct. 2382
    ,
    2393 (2011) (holding that a district court “may not impose or
    lengthen a prison sentence to enable an offender to complete a
    treatment      program   or   otherwise       to     promote      rehabilitation”),
    Brame first asserts that the district court’s determination at
    resentencing that the variance sentence was warranted, in part,
    to provide him with an opportunity to receive training no longer
    provides a valid reason for imposing an upward variance. Because
    Brame did not raise a Tapia objection below, we review for plain
    error only. Accord United States v. Hargrove, 
    625 F.3d 170
    , 184
    (4th Cir. 2010) (applying plain error standard to “alleged error
    that arose during the court’s statements explaining the basis
    for the sentence it imposed”), cert. denied, 
    132 S. Ct. 292
    (2011).    After    review    of    the   record,      we    find    no   basis     for
    concluding that the district court would have imposed a lower
    prison term, but for its consideration of rehabilitation. See
    United    States    v.   White,     
    405 F.3d 208
    ,    223   (4th    Cir.    2005)
    (explaining      that,   in   the    sentencing       context,      a    plain    error
    affects substantial rights only if there is a nonspeculative
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    basis to believe that the sentence the defendant received was
    longer than the sentence he would have received but for the
    error). Accordingly, we conclude that, because any Tapia error
    in    this    case   did     not    affect      Brame’s      substantial        rights,    the
    district       court    did        not    plainly      err        in     relying     on   this
    consideration in imposing the variance sentence.
    Brame next argues that the district court abused its
    discretion      in     finding       that      such    an    extensive         variance    was
    warranted in this case. However, we conclude after review of the
    record that the court’s sentencing decision is reasonable in
    light    of    Brame’s       history      of    recidivism,            which   reflects    his
    disrespect for the law, and the need for the sentence to protect
    the public and to deter Brame. The court’s consideration of the
    relevant 
    18 U.S.C. § 3553
    (a) (2006) factors and articulation of
    its reasons for varying from the Guidelines range support our
    decision to defer to the district court’s determination as to
    the extent of the variance. See United States v. Diosdado-Star,
    
    630 F.3d 359
    ,       366-67       (4th       Cir.)    (affirming          substantive
    reasonableness         of    variance       sentence        six    years       greater    than
    Guidelines      range       because      sentence      was    based       on   the   district
    court’s examination of the § 3553(a) factors), cert. denied, 
    131 S. Ct. 2946
     (2011); see also United States v. Angle, 
    598 F.3d 352
    , 359 (7th Cir. 2010) (“All that matters is that the sentence
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    imposed be reasonable in relation to the ‘package’ of reasons
    given by the court.”).
    Accordingly, we affirm the district court’s judgment.
    We   dispense   with   oral   argument   because    the   facts   and   legal
    contentions     are   adequately   presented   in   the   materials     before
    this court and argument would not aid the decisional process.
    AFFIRMED
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