United States v. Caley , 355 F. App'x 760 ( 2009 )


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  •                               UNPUBLISHED
    UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
    FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT
    No. 09-4391
    UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
    Plaintiff - Appellee,
    v.
    CHRISTOPHER SCOTT CALEY,
    Defendant - Appellant.
    Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of
    South Carolina, at Anderson.     G. Ross Anderson, Jr., Senior
    District Judge. (8:05-cr-01270-GRA-1)
    Submitted:    December 2, 2009              Decided:   December 14, 2009
    Before WILKINSON and KING, Circuit Judges, and HAMILTON, Senior
    Circuit Judge.
    Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.
    David B. Betts, Columbia, South Carolina, for Appellant. W.
    Walter Wilkins,   United  States  Attorney,  Maxwell Cauthen,
    Assistant United States Attorney, Greenville, South Carolina,
    for Appellee.
    Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.
    PER CURIAM:
    Christopher   S.   Caley       was   sentenced    to   time   served
    following his conditional guilty plea on remand to possessing
    child pornography, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2252A(a)(5)(B)
    (2006).    On appeal, Caley challenges the district court’s denial
    of   his   motion   to   dismiss      his       indictment    for    lack   of
    jurisdiction.
    We review “de novo the district court’s denial of a
    motion to dismiss an indictment where the denial depends solely
    on questions of law.”     United States v. Hatcher, 
    560 F.3d 222
    ,
    224 (4th Cir. 2009).      Section 2252A(a)(5)(B) prohibits “[a]ny
    person” from:
    knowingly possess[ing] any book, magazine, periodical,
    film, videotape, computer disk, or any other material
    . . . that was produced using materials that have been
    mailed, or shipped or transported in interstate or
    foreign commerce by any means, including by computer. *
    *
    On October 13, 2008, one day before the superseding
    indictment was filed, § 2252A(a)(5)(B) was amended to forbid
    “[a]ny person” from “knowingly possess[ing], or knowingly
    access[ing] with intent to view” the prohibited material, and
    expanding   the  language   concerning  interstate  or   foreign
    commerce.   18 U.S.C.A. § 2252A(a)(5)(B) (West Supp. 2009).   To
    avoid any ex post facto implications, assessment of Caley’s
    conviction is made under the pre-amendment language of the
    statute. See Weaver v. Graham, 
    450 U.S. 24
    , 28 (1981) (defining
    an ex post facto law as “any law which imposes a punishment for
    an act which was not punishable at the time it was committed”
    (internal quotation marks omitted)).
    2
    There is no dispute that Caley possessed material containing
    images   of    child    pornography.         Rather,   Caley     argues    the
    interstate or foreign commerce requirement of § 2252A(a)(5)(B)
    could not be satisfied because there was no evidence that the
    pornographic images were produced on materials that had been
    transported interstate.         Caley’s assertion lacks merit.             The
    indictment clearly charged Caley with possessing images he had
    stored on his computer.         We find that the pornographic images
    were “produced” for purposes of § 2252A(a)(5)(B) when they were
    copied to Caley’s computer.           See United States v. Schene, 
    543 F.3d 627
    , 638-39 (10th Cir. 2008); United States v. Anderson,
    
    280 F.3d 1121
    ,    1125    (7th   Cir.    2002);   United     States   v.
    Guagliardo, 
    278 F.3d 868
    , 871 (9th Cir. 2002).                  We find the
    indictment was clearly adequate.
    Accordingly, we affirm Caley’s conviction and dispense
    with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are
    adequately    presented   in    the   materials   before   the    court    and
    argument would not aid the decisional process.
    AFFIRMED
    3
    

Document Info

Docket Number: 09-4391

Citation Numbers: 355 F. App'x 760

Judges: Wilkinson, King, Hamilton

Filed Date: 12/14/2009

Precedential Status: Non-Precedential

Modified Date: 11/5/2024