Amer Chiropractic v. Rodriguez ( 2003 )

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FIFTH CIRCUIT
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No. 02-10970
(Summary Calendar)
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In the Matter Of: JEFF RODRIGUEZ,
Debtor,
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AMERICAN CHIROPRACTIC CLINIC - NORTH DALLAS PC;
HARRY L CURE, JR, Trustee of the Paul E. Liechty Liquidating
Trust and Sharp Family Trust
Appellants,
versus
JEFF RODRIGUEZ; FERRER, POIROT, & WANDSBROUGH
PC,
Appellees.
Appeal from the United States District Court
For the Northern District of Texas
3:02-CV-956-P
February 10, 2003
Before DAVIS, WIENER, and EMILIO M. GARZA, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
American Chiropractic Clinic (ACC) appeals the discharge of a debt in bankruptcy court.
ACC argues that the debt should not have been discharged because ACC had no notice of the
bankruptcy proceedings due to an improper listing of debts by the debtor, Jeff Rodriguez. Thus,
ACC claims it was denied the opportunity to have its claims considered.
The Bankruptcy Code allows a debtor to discharge all debts prior to declaring bankruptcy,
subject to certain exceptions. 11 U.S.C. § 727(b). One such exception, prevents the discharge of
debts owed to creditors that are not timely listed by the debtor. See 11 U.S.C. § 523(a)(3)(A).
This circuit employs the three-prong test in Robinson v. Mann, 339 F.2d 547 (5th Cir. 1964),
to determine whether a debtor’s failure to list a creditor prevents the discharge of the unlisted debt
under § 523. In re Stone, 10 F.3d 285, 290 (5th Cir. 1994). Courts m ust examine: 1) the
circumstances surrounding the failure of the debtor to list the creditor; 2) the amount of
administrative disruption that would likely occur due to that failure; and 3) any prejudice suffered by
both the listed and unlisted creditors. Robinson, 339 F.2d at 550.
With regard to the first factor, a debtor’s failure to list a creditor weighs against discharge of
the unlisted debts if the failure to list a debt was intentional, fraudulent, or based on other improper
motive. Stone, 10 F.3d at 291. If the failure to list the debt was due to inadvertence or negligence,
this court has held that equity permits discharge of the debt. Id. The bankruptcy court found, and
we agree, that Rodriguez did not act intentionally or recklessly when he failed to list the debt, so this
factor favors discharge.
*
Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that this opinion should not
be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R.
47.5.4.
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Second, this court must consider whether Rodriguez’s failure to list ACC as a creditor
disrupts the administration of the bankruptcy. This is a no-assets case, so the bankruptcy court’s
resolution of this prong was not error. See In re Smith, 21 F.3d 660, 663-664 (5th Cir. 1994).
The third prong of Robinson requires an examination of the potential prejudice suffered by
a debtor’s creditors for his failure t o file. The prejudice prong is the most crucial prong of the
Robinson test, but this court has held that creditors are prejudiced only when their rights to receive
dividends and obtain dischargeability determinations are compromised. Stone, 10 F.3d at 291.
Again, this was a no-asset case, so ACC was not prejudiced. Id. at 291-92.
Because the Robinson factors, in light of the facts in this case, favor discharge, the bankruptcy
court’s discharge of Rodriguez’s debt to ACC was not error. Therefore, we affirm.
AFFIRMED.
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