Christopher Thornsberry v. Roosevelt Barden ( 2021 )

United States Court of Appeals
For the Eighth Circuit
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No. 21-2029
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Christopher Thornsberry
lllllllllllllllllllllPlaintiff - Appellant
v.
Roosevelt Barden, Captain, East Arkansas Regional Unit; Fidel Cobb, Lieutenant,
East Arkansas Regional Unit; Terrie L. Banister, Disciplinary Hearing Officer,
Arkansas Department of Correction; Justine M. Minor, Disciplinary Hearing
Officer, Arkansas Department of Correction; Stephen Lane, Captain, East
Arkansas Regional Unit; Anthony Jackson, Deputy Warden, East Arkansas
Regional Unit; Gaylon Lay, Warden, East Arkansas Regional Unit; Dexter Payne,
Director, Arkansas Department of Correction; Judy Taylor, PREA Coordinator,
Arkansas Department of Correction
lllllllllllllllllllllDefendants - Appellees
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Appeal from United States District Court
for the Eastern District of Arkansas - Delta
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Submitted: June 29, 2021
Filed: July 20, 2021
[Unpublished]
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Before LOKEN, GRUENDER, and SHEPHERD, Circuit Judges.
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PER CURIAM.
Arkansas inmate Christopher Thornsberry appeals the district court’s
preservice dismissal of his 42 U.S.C. § 1983 action. Thornsberry’s amended
complaint was based on an incident in which he received a disciplinary violation after
reporting that he was sexually harassed by another inmate. We affirm in part, reverse
in part, and remand the case for further proceedings.
We conclude that the district court did not err in dismissing most of
Thornsberry’s claims. See Cooper v. Schriro, 189 F.3d 781, 783 (8th Cir. 1999) (per
curiam) (holding that dismissal under 28 U.S.C. § 1915A for failure to state a claim
is reviewed de novo). Specifically, his allegation that Captain Roosevelt Barden
made derogatory remarks was insufficient to state a claim. See Kurtz v. Shrewsbury,
245 F.3d 753, 759 (8th Cir. 2001) (holding that verbal harassment is actionable only
if it is so brutal and wanton that it shocks the conscience). Thornsberry’s assignment
to isolation, loss of privileges, and reclassification were insufficient to state a due
process claim, see Portley-El v. Brill, 288 F.3d 1063, 1065 (8th Cir. 2002) (holding
that an inmate who makes a due process challenge to segregated confinement must
show that the confinement imposed an atypical and significant hardship); Smith v.
McKinney, 954 F.3d 1075, 1082 (8th Cir. 2020) (holding that there is no atypical and
significant hardship when an inmate is demoted to segregation or deprived of
commissary, phone, and visitation privileges); see also Persechini v. Callaway, 651
F.3d 802, 807 n.4 (8th Cir. 2011) (stating that inmates do not have a liberty interest
in maintaining a particular classification level); and were also insufficient to state an
Eighth Amendment claim, see Phillips v. Norris, 320 F.3d 844, 848 (8th Cir. 2003)
(holding that thirty-seven days of punitive isolation did not violate the Eighth
Amendment). The district court properly dismissed his claim based on violations of
prison regulations, see id. at 847 (holding that inmates do not have a federal
constitutional liberty interest in having prison officials follow state law or prison
regulations); and did not err in dismissing the claims for false imprisonment,
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falsifying state documents, and violations of 18 U.S.C. § 241, see Heck v. Humphrey,
512 U.S. 477, 486-87 (1994) (holding that, to recover damages for allegedly
unconstitutional imprisonment, inmate must prove that conviction or sentence has
been invalidated); Sprouse v. Babcock, 870 F.2d 450, 452 (8th Cir. 1989) (holding
that claims based on falsity of disciplinary charges, standing alone, do not state
constitutional claims); United States v. Wadena, 152 F.3d 831, 846 (8th Cir. 1998)
(holding that there is no private cause of action under § 241).
But, considering Thornsberry’s complaint and his objections to the magistrate
judge’s findings, we conclude that Thornsberry stated a claim that Barden retaliated
against him in violation of the First Amendment. See Gonzalez v. Bendt, 971 F.3d
742, 745 (8th Cir. 2020) (holding that to state a First Amendment retaliation claim,
an inmate must allege that (1) he engaged in protected activity, (2) a prison official
took adverse action that would chill a person of ordinary firmness from continuing
in that activity, and (3) the adverse action was motivated at least in part by the
exercise of protected activity); Lewis v. Jacks, 486 F.3d 1025, 1029 (8th Cir. 2007)
(holding that the filing of prison grievance is protected First Amendment activity);
see also Sprouse, 870 F.2d at 452 (holding that the filing of a disciplinary charge
against an inmate is actionable if done in retaliation for filing a grievance). While the
district court found that the disciplinary charge was not motivated by Thornsberry’s
grievance—because the grievance was about another inmate, rather than Barden —we
conclude Thornsberry’s allegations create a reasonable inference that Barden issued
the false disciplinary report to intimidate Thornsberry from making any further
harassment complaints. See Rinehart v. Weitzell, 964 F.3d 684, 688 (8th Cir. 2020)
(holding that, in determining whether complaint states facially plausible claim, courts
accept factual allegations as true and draw all reasonable inferences in plaintiff’s
favor).
Accordingly, we grant Thornsberry leave to proceed in forma pauperis; and we
affirm in part, reverse in part, and remand the case for further proceedings consistent
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with this opinion. We also reverse the district court’s assessment of a strike under 28
U.S.C. § 1915(g), and we deny Thornsberry’s motion for appellate counsel as moot.
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