United States v. Sergio Miramontes-Maldonado ( 2021 )

FILED
NOT FOR PUBLICATION
DEC 10 2021
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 20-30178
Plaintiff-Appellee, D.C. Nos.
1:19-cr-00060-BLW-1
v. 1:19-cr-00060-BLW
SERGIO MIRAMONTES-
MALDONADO, MEMORANDUM*
Defendant-Appellant.
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the District of Idaho
B. Lynn Winmill, Chief District Judge, Presiding
Submitted December 6, 2021**
Seattle, Washington
Before: McKEOWN, CHRISTEN, and MILLER, Circuit Judges.
Sergio Miramontes-Maldonado appeals his criminal conviction for one
count of illegal reentry pursuant to 8 U.S.C. § 1326. Miramontes-Maldonado filed
a motion to dismiss the indictment in the district court, arguing that the exclusion
*
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
**
The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
order underlying the illegal reentry charge violated his right to due process because
the order was “fundamentally unfair.” The district court denied the motion, and
Miramontes-Maldonado entered a conditional plea. We review de novo. See
United States v. Camacho-Lopez, 450 F.3d 928, 929 (9th Cir. 2006). We have
jurisdiction pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm. Because the parties are
familiar with the facts, we do not recite them here.
Miramontes-Maldonado argues that his original exclusion hearing in 1997
violated his right to due process for three reasons: (1) he was not advised of his
eligibility to request that his application be withdrawn; (2) he was not advised in
Spanish of the underlying immigration charges; and (3) the immigration court
failed to preserve a verbatim recording of his exclusion hearing. Miramontes-
Maldonado has the burden of showing both that the exclusion hearing violated his
due process rights and that he suffered prejudice from these defects. See United
States v. Ubaldo-Figueroa, 364 F.3d 1042, 1048 (9th Cir. 2004).
We conclude Miramontes-Maldonado has not met his burden of establishing
a due process violation. In pre-Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant
Responsibility Act of 1996 (IIRIRA) exclusion proceedings, a non-citizen was
entitled only to those rights provided by statute and regulation. See Zadvydas v.
Davis, 533 U.S. 678, 693 (2001) (“It is well established that certain constitutional
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protections available to persons inside the United States are unavailable to aliens
outside of our geographic borders.”) (internal citations omitted); see also United
States v. Barajas-Alvarado, 655 F.3d 1077, 1088 (9th Cir. 2011). Miramontes-
Maldonado has not identified a statute that entitled him to a recording of his
hearing, and we have held that the absence of an audio recording of a prior
deportation hearing does not necessarily violate due process, so long as “other
means were available for [Miramontes-Maldonado] to challenge the validity of his
prior deportation hearings, such as his own memory, witnesses, and other
information within his [immigration] file.” United States v. Medina, 236 F.3d
1028, 1032 (9th Cir. 2001).
Miramontes-Maldonado’s contrary authority involved a permanent resident,
not an unadmitted alien. See Singh v. Holder, 638 F.3d 1196, 1200 (9th Cir. 2011).
Nor has Miramontes-Maldonado identified a statutory right to be informed of his
eligibility to request withdrawal of his application. In the context of an expedited
removal preceding, we have held that a non-citizen does not have the right to be
informed of this eligibility. See, e.g., United States v. Sanchez-Aguilar, 719 F.3d
1108, 1112 (9th Cir. 2013). Finally, Miramontes-Maldonado has not established
that he did not receive a translation of his charges, nor has he shown that he
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required a translator. We thus affirm the district court’s conclusion that
Miramontes-Maldonado has not established a due process violation.
Even if we were to decide that Miramontes-Maldonado established a due
process violation, however, he has not shown that he was prejudiced. To show
prejudice, “[w]here the relevant form of relief is discretionary, the alien must
‘make a “plausible” showing that the facts presented would cause the Attorney
General to exercise discretion in his favor.’” Barajas-Alvarado, 655 F.3d at 1089(quoting United States v. Acre–Hernandez, 163 F.3d 559, 563 (9th Cir. 1998)).
Although Miramontes-Maldonado cites various equitable factors to argue he would
have been allowed to withdraw his application in the absence of the cited defects,
he also applied for admission with a fraudulent document, and we have held that an
alien who intentionally presents fraudulent immigration documents likely would
not be allowed to withdraw his application, see, e.g., id. (citing In Re Gutierrez, 19
I. & N. Dec. 562 (BIA 1988)). We thus agree that Miramontes-Maldonado has not
shown prejudice, and we affirm the district court’s denial of his motion to dismiss
the indictment.
AFFIRMED.
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