(PC) Sharonoff v. Tyler ( 2019 )

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 KENNETH ALLEN SHARONOFF, No. 2:19-cv-1239 JAM CKD P 12 Plaintiff, 13 v. ORDER 14 THOMAS TYLER, et al., 15 Defendants. 16 17 Plaintiff is a state prisoner proceeding pro se and seeking relief pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 18 1983. This proceeding was referred to this court by Local Rule 302 pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 19 636(b)(1). 20 Plaintiff requests leave to proceed in forma pauperis. Since plaintiff has submitted a 21 declaration that makes the showing required by 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a), his request will be granted. 22 Plaintiff is required to pay the statutory filing fee of $350.00 for this action. 28 U.S.C. §§ 23 1914(a), 1915(b)(1). By separate order, the court will direct the appropriate agency to collect the 24 initial partial filing fee from plaintiff’s trust account and forward it to the Clerk of the Court. 25 Thereafter, plaintiff will be obligated for monthly payments of twenty percent of the preceding 26 month’s income credited to plaintiff’s prison trust account. These payments will be forwarded by 27 the appropriate agency to the Clerk of the Court each time the amount in plaintiff’s account 28 exceeds $10.00, until the filing fee is paid in full. 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(2). 1 The court is required to screen complaints brought by prisoners seeking relief against a 2 governmental entity or officer or employee of a governmental entity. 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(a). The 3 court must dismiss a complaint or portion thereof if the prisoner has raised claims that are legally 4 “frivolous or malicious,” that fail to state a claim upon which relief may be granted, or that seek 5 monetary relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief. 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(b)(1),(2). 6 A claim is legally frivolous when it lacks an arguable basis either in law or in fact. 7 Neitzke v. Williams, 490 U.S. 319, 325 (1989); Franklin v. Murphy, 745 F.2d 1221, 1227-28 (9th 8 Cir. 1984). The court may, therefore, dismiss a claim as frivolous where it is based on an 9 indisputably meritless legal theory or where the factual contentions are clearly baseless. Neitzke, 10 490 U.S. at 327. The critical inquiry is whether a constitutional claim, however inartfully 11 pleaded, has an arguable legal and factual basis. See Jackson v. Arizona, 885 F.2d 639, 640 (9th 12 Cir. 1989); Franklin, 745 F.2d at 1227. 13 In order to avoid dismissal for failure to state a claim a complaint must contain more than 14 “naked assertions,” “labels and conclusions” or “a formulaic recitation of the elements of a cause 15 of action.” Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555-557 (2007). In other words, 16 “[t]hreadbare recitals of the elements of a cause of action, supported by mere conclusory 17 statements do not suffice.” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009). Furthermore, a claim 18 upon which the court can grant relief has facial plausibility. Twombly, 550 U.S. at 570. “A 19 claim has facial plausibility when the plaintiff pleads factual content that allows the court to draw 20 the reasonable inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged.” Iqbal, 556 U.S. 21 at 678. When considering whether a complaint states a claim upon which relief can be granted, 22 the court must accept the allegations as true, Erickson v. Pardus, 551 U.S. 89, 93-94 (2007), and 23 construe the complaint in the light most favorable to the plaintiff, see Scheuer v. Rhodes, 416 24 U.S. 232, 236 (1974). 25 The court has reviewed plaintiff’s complaint and finds that it fails to state a claim upon 26 which relief can be granted under federal law. Plaintiff’s complaint must be dismissed. The 27 court will, however, grant leave to file an amended complaint. 28 ///// 1 As to the contents of his amended complaint, plaintiff is informed as follows: 2 1. Plaintiff must allege in specific terms how each named defendant is involved. There 3 can be no liability under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 unless there is some affirmative link or connection 4 between a defendant’s actions and the claimed deprivation. Rizzo v. Goode, 423 U.S. 362 5 (1976). Furthermore, vague and conclusory allegations of official participation in civil rights 6 violations are not sufficient. Ivey v. Board of Regents, 673 F.2d 266, 268 (9th Cir. 1982). 7 2. The law with respect to an inmate’s right to access to courts was discussed in detail by 8 the United States Supreme Court in Lewis v. Casey, 518 U.S. 343 (1996). Most importantly in 9 Lewis, the court held that for a prisoner to be successful on a denial of access to courts claim, he 10 must show not only denial of access, but also injury resulting from the denial of access such as 11 the inability to file a complaint based upon at least arguably actionable harm. Id. at 351. 12 Plaintiff is informed that the court cannot refer to a prior pleading in order to make 13 plaintiff’s amended complaint complete. Local Rule 220 requires that an amended complaint be 14 complete in itself without reference to any prior pleading. This is because, as a general rule, an 15 amended complaint supersedes the original complaint. See Loux v. Rhay, 375 F.2d 55, 57 (9th 16 Cir. 1967). Once plaintiff files an amended complaint, the original pleading no longer serves any 17 function in the case. Therefore, in an amended complaint, as in an original complaint, each claim 18 and the involvement of each defendant must be sufficiently alleged. 19 Finally, the court notes that plaintiff has filed a motion for summary judgement. This 20 motion is premature and will be denied without prejudice. Plaintiff should review Rule 56 of the 21 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure which dictates when a motion for summary judgment can be 22 filed. 23 In accordance with the above, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that: 24 1. Plaintiff’s request for leave to proceed in forma pauperis (ECF No. 2) is granted. 25 2. Plaintiff is obligated to pay the statutory filing fee of $350.00 for this action. All fees 26 shall be collected and paid in accordance with this court’s order to the Director of the California 27 Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation filed concurrently herewith. 28 ///// 1 3. Plaintiff's complaint is dismissed. 2 4. Plaintiff is granted thirty days from the date of service of this order to file an amended 3 | complaint that complies with the requirements of the Civil Rights Act, the Federal Rules of Civil 4 | Procedure, and the Local Rules of Practice. The amended complaint must bear the docket 5 | number assigned this case and must be labeled “Amended Complaint.” Failure to file an 6 | amended complaint in accordance with this order will result in a recommendation that this action 7 | be dismissed. 8 5. Plaintiff's July 24, 2019 motion for summary judgment (ECF No. 9) is denied without 9 | prejudice. 10 | Dated: August 27, 2019 CA rd fe / o—, CAROLYN K DELANEY) 12 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 13 14 15 | 4 16 shar 1239.14 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28