(SS) Lora v. Commissioner of Social Security ( 2021 )

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 C.C.R, Case No. 1:21-cv-0640-SAB 12 Plaintiff, ORDER GRANTING LUZ LORA’S PETITION FOR APPOINTMENT AS 13 v. GUARDIAN AD LITEM FOR PLAINTIFF C.C.R. AND DENYING APPLICATION TO 14 COMMISSIONER OF SOCIAL SECURITY, PROCEED IN FORMA PAUPERIS WITHOUT PREJUDICE AND REQUIRING 15 Defendant. PLAINTIFF TO FILE LONG FORM APPLICATION 16 (ECF No. 5) 17 TWENTY DAY DEADLINE 18 19 C.C.R. (“Plaintiff”), by his guardian ad litem, Luz Lora, filed a complaint in this action 20 seeking review of the final decision of the Commissioner of Social Security denying disability 21 benefits. (ECF No. 1.) Along with the complaint, Plaintiff filed a petition for appointment of a 22 guardian ad litem and an application to proceed in forma pauperis in this action. (ECF Nos. 2, 23 5.) 24 A. Petition for Appointment of Guardian Ad Litem 25 Luz Lora seeks appointment as the guardian ad litem for her minor child, C.C.R. 26 Pursuant to Rule 17 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, a representative of an incompetent 27 person may sue or defend on the incompetent person’s behalf. Fed. R. Civ. P. 17(c). This 1 requires the Court to take whatever measures it deems appropriate to protect the interests of the 2 individual during the litigation. United States v. 30.64 Acres of Land, More or Less, Situated in 3 Klickitat Cty., State of Wash., 795 F.2d 796, 805 (9th Cir. 1986). The appointment of the 4 guardian ad litem is more than a mere formality. Id. “A guardian ad litem is authorized to act on 5 behalf of his ward and may make all appropriate decisions in the course of specific litigation.” 6 Id. A guardian ad litem need not possess any special qualifications, but he must “be truly 7 dedicated to the best interests of the person on whose behalf he seeks to litigate.” AT&T 8 Mobility, LLC v. Yeager, 143 F.Supp.3d 1042, 9 (E.D. Cal. 2015). This means that the guardian 9 ad litem cannot face an impermissible conflict of interest with the ward and courts consider the 10 candidate’s “experience, objectivity, and expertise” or previous relationship with the ward. Id. 11 (citations omitted). 12 “[W]hen a parent brings an action on behalf of a child, and it is evident that the interests 13 of each are the same, no need exists for someone other than the parent to represent the child’s 14 interests under Rule 17(c).” Gonzalez v. Reno, 86 F.Supp.2d 1167, 1185 (S.D. Fla.), aff’d sub 15 nom. Gonzalez v. Reno, 212 F.3d 1338 (11th Cir. 2000). While a parent is generally appointed 16 as a guardian ad litem, there are situations where the best interests of the minor and the interests 17 of the parent conflict. Anthem Life Ins. Co. v. Olguin, No. 1:06-CV-01165 AWINEW, 2007 18 WL 1390672, at *2 (E.D. Cal. May 9, 2007). Therefore, a parent is not entitled as a matter of 19 right to act as guardian ad litem for the child. Id., at *2. 20 The Court has considered the petition of Luz Lora for appointment as guardian ad litem 21 for C.C.R. who is the plaintiff in this action and finds no conflict that would preclude her serving 22 as a guardian ad litem for C.C.R. The Court finds that the appointment is both necessary and 23 appropriate. 24 B. Application to Proceed in Forma Pauperis 25 Plaintiff did not pay the filing fee in this action and instead Ms. Lora filed an application 26 to proceed in forma pauperis pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915. However, Plaintiff’s application 27 does not provide sufficient information for the Court to determine if he is entitled to proceed in 1 is $22,800 per year. 2 In order to proceed in court without prepayment of the filing fee, Plaintiff must submit an 3 affidavit demonstrating that she “is unable to pay such fees or give security therefor.” 28 U.S.C. 4 § 1915(a)(1). The right to proceed without prepayment of fees in a civil case is a privilege and 5 not a right. Rowland v. California Men’s Colony, Unit II Men’s Advisory Council, 506 U.S. 6 194, 198 n.2 (1993); Franklin v. Murphy, 745 F.2d 1221, 1231 (9th Cir. 1984) (“permission to 7 proceed in forma pauperis is itself a matter of privilege and not right; denial of in forma pauperis 8 status does not violate the applicant’s right to due process”). A plaintiff need not be absolutely 9 destitute to proceed in forma pauperis and the application is sufficient if it states that due to his 10 poverty he is unable to pay the costs and still be able to provide himself and his dependents with 11 the necessities of life. Adkins v. E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., 335 U.S. 331, 339 (1948). 12 Whether to grant or deny an application to proceed without prepayment of fees is an exercise of 13 the district court’s discretion. Escobedo v. Applebees, 787 F.3d 1226, 1236 (9th Cir. 2015). 14 In assessing whether a certain income level meets the poverty threshold under Section 15 1915(a)(1), courts look to the federal poverty guidelines developed each year by the Department 16 of Health and Human Services. See, e.g., Paco v. Myers, No. CIV. 13-00701 ACK, 2013 WL 17 6843057 (D. Haw. Dec. 26, 2013); Lint v. City of Boise, No. CV09-72-S-EJL, 2009 WL 18 1149442, at *2 (D. Idaho Apr. 28, 2009) (and cases cited therein). 19 Based on the income reported which is $1,900.00 per month, Plaintiff’s household 20 income is $22,800.00 per year. The 2021 Poverty Guidelines for the 48 contiguous states for a 21 household of two is $17,420.00. 2021 Poverty Guidelines, https://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty- 22 guidelines (last visited March 15, 2021). Based on the information provided, it does not appear 23 that Plaintiff is entitled to proceed without prepayment of fees in this action. 24 Accordingly, the Court will order Plaintiff to complete and file an Application to Proceed 25 in District Court Without Prepaying Fees or Costs (Long Form) – AO 239. If Plaintiff is 26 unwilling to complete and submit the long form application, Plaintiff must pay the filing fee in 27 full. 1 Based upon the foregoing, it is HEREBY ORDERED that: 2 1. Luz Lora’s petition for appointment as guardian ad litem for Plaintiff C.C.R. is 3 GRANTED; 4 2. Luz Lora’s application to proceed in forma pauperis is DENIED without 5 prejudice; 6 2. The Clerk of the Court is directed to forward an Application to Proceed in District 7 Court Without Prepaying Fees or Costs (Long Form) — AO 239 to Plaintiff; 8 3. Within twenty (20) days of the date of this order, Plaintiff shall either (1) pay the 9 $402.00 filing fee for this action, or (2) complete and file the enclosed 10 Application to Proceed in District Court Without Prepaying Fees or Costs (Long 11 Form) — AO 239; and 12 4. If Plaintiff fails to comply with this order, this action shall be dismissed for failure 13 to pay the filing fee and failure to comply with a court order. 14 15 IT IS SO ORDERED. OF. ee 16 | Dated: _April 19, 2021 _ OO 4 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28