(PC) Davis v. Obrien ( 2021 )

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 KENNETH DAVIS, Case No. 1:19-cv-01032-NONE-HBK 12 Plaintiff, 13 v. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO GRANT DEFENDANT’S MOTION TO DISMISS 14 S. SPETH, AND DISMISSING THIS CASE WITHOUT PREJUDICE1 15 Defendant. Doc. No. 27 16 17 OBJECTIONS DUE WITHIN FOURTEEN DAYS2 18 19 20 21 This matter was reassigned to the undersigned on November 17, 2020. (Doc. No. 27). 22 Pending before the court is defendant’s motion for dismissal based on plaintiff’s failure to 23 prosecute, filed November 6, 2020. (Doc. No. 27.) Defendant Speth moves to dismiss this action 24 for plaintiff’s failure to comply with this court’s Local Rules and failure to prosecute this action. 25 26 1 This matter was referred to the undersigned pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(B) and Local Rule 302 27 (E.D. Ca. 2019). 2 Because plaintiff appears to no longer be incarcerated, the court affords plaintiff the statutory fourteen- 28 day period within which to file objections 1 (Id). As more fully set forth below, the undersigned recommends the court grant defendant’s 2 motion to dismiss due to plaintiff’s failure to prosecute and failure to keep the court apprised of 3 his address. 4 FACTS AND BACKGROUND 5 Plaintiff Kenneth Davis initiated this action, as a state prisoner proceeding pro se and in 6 forma pauperis, by filing a civil rights complaint under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. (Doc. Nos. 1.) Following 7 a second screening order issued on April 6, 2020, the court determined the first amended complaint 8 stated a cognizable Eighth Amendment claim against defendant Speth and authorized service of 9 process. (Doc. No. 13 at 1-2.) Speth filed an answer and affirmative defenses on August 6, 2020. 10 (Doc. No. 24.) On August 7, 2020, the court issued its discovery and scheduling order. (Doc. Nos. 11 25, 26.) In August and September of 2020, the discovery and scheduling orders were returned as 12 “undeliverable” indicating plaintiff had been released from custody on July 31, 2020. On 13 December 4, 2020, the court’s order reassigning this case to the undersigned also was retuned as 14 “Undeliverable” again indicating that plaintiff had been released on July 31, 2020 and the 15 institution was unable to forward. As of the date on these findings and recommendations, plaintiff 16 has not provided an updated address. (See docket). Defendant Speth served discovery requests on 17 plaintiff but the requests were returned as undeliverable. (Doc. No. 27 at 1). 18 II. APPLICABLE LAW 19 This court’s Local Rules require litigants to keep the court apprised of their current 20 address and permits dismissal when the litigant fails to comply. Specifically: 21 “[a] party appearing in propria persona shall keep the Court and opposing parties advised as to his or her current address. If mail 22 directed to a plaintiff in propria persona by the Clerk is returned by the U.S. Postal Service, and if such plaintiff fails to notify the Court 23 and opposing parties within sixty-three (63) days thereafter of a current address, the Court may dismiss the action without prejudice 24 for failure to prosecute.” 25 E.D. Cal. Loc. R. 183(b) (2019); see also Local Rule 182(f) (all parties are “under a continuing 26 duty” to notify the clerk of “any change of address.” Precedent supports a dismissal of a case 27 when a litigant fails to keep the court appraised on his address. Carey v. King, 856 F.2d 1439 28 (9th Cir. 1988) (affirming lower court and finding no abuse of discretion when district court 1 dismissed case without prejudice after pro se plaintiff did not comply with local rule requiring 2 pro se plaintiffs keep court apprised of addresses at all times); Hanley v. Opinski, Case No. 1:16- 3 cv-391-DAD-SAB, 2018 WL 3388510 (E.D. Ca. July 10, 2018) (dismissing action for failure to 4 prosecute and failure to provide court with current address). 5 Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(b) permits the court to involuntarily dismiss an action 6 when a litigant fails to prosecute an action or fails to comply with other Rules or with a court 7 order. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b); see Applied Underwriters v. Lichtenegger, 913 F.3d 884, 889 8 (9th Cir. 2019) (citations omitted); Hells Canyon Pres. Council v. U.S. Forest Serv., 403 F.3d 9 683, 689 (9th Cir. 2005) (“[T]he consensus among our sister circuits, with which we agree, is that 10 courts may dismiss under Rule 41(b) sua sponte, at least under certain circumstances.”). Local 11 Rule 110 similarly permits the court to impose sanctions on a party who fails to comply with the 12 court’s Rules or any order of court. 13 Involuntary dismissal is a harsh penalty, but it “is incumbent upon the Court to manage its 14 docket without being subject to routine noncompliance of litigants.” Pagtalunan v. Galaza, 291 15 F.3d 639, 642 (9th Cir. 2002). Before dismissing an action under Fed. R. Civ. P. 41, the court 16 must consider: (1) the public interest in expeditious resolution of litigation; (2) the court’s need to 17 manage a docket; (3) the risk of prejudice to defendant; (4) public policy favoring disposition on 18 the merits; and (5) the availability of less drastic sanctions. See Applied Underwriters, 913 F.3d 19 at 889 (noting that these five factors “must” be analyzed before a Rule 41 involuntary dismissal) 20 (emphasis added); Malone v. U.S. Postal Service, 833 F.2d 128, 130 (9th Cir. 1987) (reviewing 21 five factors and independently reviewing the record because district court did not make finding as 22 to each factor); but see Bautista v. Los Angeles County, 216 F.3d 837, 841 (9th Cir. 2000) (listing 23 the same five factors, but noting the court need not make explicit findings as to each) (emphasis 24 added); Ferdik v. Bonzelet, 963 F.2d 1258, 1260 (9th Cir. 1992) (affirming dismissal of pro se § 25 1983 action when plaintiff did not amend caption to remove “et al” as the court directed and 26 reiterating that an explicit finding of each factor is not required by the district court). 27 //// 28 //// 1 III. ANALYSIS 2 The undersigned considers each of the above-stated factors and concludes dismissing this 3 case is warranted. The expeditious resolution of litigation is deemed to be in the public interest, 4 satisfying the first factor. Yourish v. California Amplifier, 191 F.3d 983, 990–91 (9th Cir. 1999). 5 Turning to the second factor, the court’s need to efficiently manage its docket cannot be 6 overstated. This court has “one of the heaviest caseloads in the nation,” and due to unfilled 7 judicial vacancies, which is further exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic, operates under a 8 declared judicial emergency. See Amended Standing Order in Light of Ongoing Judicial 9 Emergency in the Eastern District of California. The court’s time is better spent on its other 10 matters than needlessly consumed managing a case with a recalcitrant litigant. Indeed, “trial 11 courts do not have time to waste on multiple failures by aspiring litigants to follow the rules and 12 requirements of our courts.” Pagtalunan, 291 F.3d at 644 (Trott, J., concurring in affirmance of 13 district court’s involuntary dismissal with prejudice of habeas petition where petitioner failed to 14 timely respond to court order and noting “the weight of the docket-managing factor depends upon 15 the size and load of the docket, and those in the best position to know what that is are our 16 beleaguered trial judges.”). Delays have the inevitable and inherent risk that evidence will 17 become stale or witnesses' memories will fade or be unavailable and can prejudice a defendant, 18 thereby satisfying the third factor. See Sibron v. New York, 392 U.S. 40, 57 (1968). Attempting a 19 less drastic action, such as issuing an order to show cause, would be futile because plaintiff has 20 failed to update his address and thus any correspondence sent to him will be returned. 21 Additionally, the instant dismissal is a dismissal without prejudice, which is a lesser sanction than 22 a dismissal with prejudice, thereby addressing the fifth factor. 23 Contrary to Local Rule 183(b), well in excess of 63 days have passed since mail was 24 returned as undeliverable and plaintiff has not updated his mailing address or otherwise contacted 25 the court. Defendant’s discovery requests have been unanswered and returned as undeliverable, 26 preventing defendant from defending against this action. (Doc. No. 27 at 1.) Considering these 27 factors and those set forth supra, as well as binding case law, the undersigned recommends 28 1 | defendant’s motion to dismiss be granted and that this action be dismissed, without prejudice, 2 || under Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b) and Local Rules 110 and 183(b). 3 Accordingly, it is RECOMMENDED: 4 1. Defendant’s motion to dismiss due to plaintiff's failure to prosecute (Doc. No. 27) be 5 | granted. 6 2. This case be dismissed without prejudice. 7 NOTICE TO PARTIES 8 These findings and recommendations will be submitted to the United States district judge 9 || assigned to the case, pursuant to the provisions of Title 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). Within fourteen 10 | (14) days after being served with these findings and recommendations, a party may file written 11 | objections with the Court. The document should be captioned “Objections to Magistrate Judge’s 12 || Findings and Recommendations.” Parties are advised that failure to file objections within the 13 || specified time may result in the waiver of rights on appeal. Wilkerson v. Wheeler, 772 F.3d 834, 14 | 838-39 (9th Cir. 2014) (citing Baxter v. Sullivan, 923 F.2d 1391, 1394 (9th Cir. 1991)). 15 16 IT IS SO ORDERED. TT Dated: May 12, 2021 Wiha. Mh. Bareh Zaskth 18 HELENA M. BARCH-KUCHTA 19 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28