(PC) Harris v. Sexton ( 2021 )

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 12 Earnest Harris, No. 1:18-cv-00080 KJM-DB P 13 Plaintiff, 14 v. 15 Sexton, at al., 16 Defendants. 17 18 Ivan Lee Matthews, No. 1:14-cv-01959-KJM-DB 19 Plaintiff, v. 20 21 Holland, et al., 22 Defendants. 23 24 25 26 27 28 1 Jorge Andrade Rico, No. 2:17-cv-01402-KJM-DB 2 3 Plaintiff, v. 4 Beard, et al., 5 Defendants. 6 7 Maher Conrad Suarez, No. 2:18-cv-00340-KJM-DB 8 Plaintiff, 9 v. 10 Beard, et al., 11 Defendants. 12 Jasper F. Wilson, No. 1:15-cv-01424-KJM-DB 13 Plaintiff, 14 v. 15 Beard, et al., 16 Defendants. 17 18 Christopher Lipsey, No. 2:18-cv-00362 KJM DB P 19 Plaintiff, 20 v. 21 Dr. Norum et al., 22 Defendants. 23 24 25 26 27 28 1 Jorge Andrade Rico, No. 2:19-cv-01989 KJM DB P 2 3 Plaintiff, v. 4 Clarke E. Ducart, et al., ORDER 5 Defendants. 6 7 8 The plaintiffs in the cases captioned above all are state prisoners. Each filed a civil rights 9 action seeking relief under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Each plaintiff challenges the operation of the 10 Guard One Security Check system implemented in specific units in California’s prisons as a 11 suicide prevention measure. See Coleman v. Newsom, et al., 2:90-cv-0520 KJM DB P (E.D. Cal.) 12 (hereafter Coleman), ECF No. 5271. Each claims defendants’ use of the Guard One system has 13 caused him to suffer sleep deprivation in violation of his rights to be free from cruel and unusual 14 punishment under the Eighth Amendment. Each plaintiff seeks money damages and injunctive 15 relief in the form of orders requiring correctional staff to stop making loud noises when doing 16 Guard One checks. 17 The defendants moved to stay these proceedings pending the resolution of an appeal in one 18 of these cases, Rico v. Beard, Case No. 2:17-cv-1402 KJM DB (E.D. Cal.) (Rico). On November 19 20, 2020, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit issued a decision in Rico, with 20 one judge concurring in part and dissenting in part, holding defendants were entitled to qualified 21 immunity for their implementation of suicide prevention welfare checks and remanding the case 22 for entry of an order of dismissal granting qualified immunity as to all remaining defendants in 23 that case. Rico v. Ducart, 980 F.3d 1292 (9th Cir. 2020).1 On January 8, 2021, the plaintiff- 24 25 1 On March 5, 2019, this court dismissed defendant Beard and four other defendants. 26 Order (March 5, 2019), ECF No. 102. On appeal, the first named defendant was Clark E. Ducart and the case was styled Rico v. Ducart. See generally Rico v. Ducart, No. 19-15541 (9th Cir.). 27 This case is different from the other case of Rico v. Ducart, No. 19-cv-1989, captioned above and cited in this order. 28 1 appellee in Rico petitioned the Ninth Circuit for rehearing en banc. By an order filed in each case 2 on March 31, 2021, this court stayed the proceedings in each of the actions above pending the 3 outcome of the plaintiff-appellee’s petition for rehearing en banc in Rico. In each order, the court 4 authorized any party to “file, as appropriate, a motion to reopen this action, to dismiss this action, 5 or to extend the stay within thirty days of the resolution of motion for rehearing. . . .” See, e.g., 6 Harris v. Sexton, et al., Case No. 1:18-cv-00080 (E.D. Cal.) at ECF No. 70. On April 28, 2021, 7 the Ninth Circuit denied the petition for rehearing en banc and on May 6, 2021, it issued the 8 court’s mandate, making the panel’s decision final. Rico v. Ducart, No. 19-15541, Dkt. No. 55. 9 Lower courts are bound to execute the terms of the Ninth Circuit’s mandate. In other 10 words, the district court must follow the appellate ruling. See United States v. Carpenter, 526 11 F.3d 1237, 1240 (9th Cir. 2008). The rule of mandate is jurisdictional and “limit[s] the district 12 court’s authority on remand.” United States v. Thrasher, 483 F.3d 977, 982 (9th Cir. 2007). 13 While there is some flexibility in following the mandate, United States v. Kellington, 217 F.3d 14 1084, 1095 n.12 (9th Cir. 2000), that flexibility does not include acting contrary to terms 15 expressly mandated by the Ninth Circuit’s decision. 16 Since the mandate issued, the parties in the above cases have taken various actions, 17 described below, followed by a discussion of this court’s resolution. 18 On April 22, 2021, the plaintiff in Matthews v. Holland, et al., Case No. 1:14-cv-01959 19 (E.D. Cal.) moved to reopen that case. ECF No. 73. In the motion, plaintiff sought clarification 20 as to whether Rico was still pending on appeal and represented that he was not opposed to a stay 21 of these pending resolution of the motion for rehearing en banc in Rico. On May 20, 2021, the 22 court directed service of relevant documents on plaintiff and service was accomplished. Minute 23 Order, ECF No. 87. Plaintiff was granted until July 30, 2021 to file supplement documents 24 concerning his motion to reopen. Id. Neither party has filed anything further. On August 20, 25 2021, the court submitted plaintiff’s motion without oral arguments. ECF No. 88. 26 On May 7, 2021, defendants in Rico v. Beard, et al., Case No. 2:17-cv-1402 (E.D. Cal.) 27 moved to lift the stay and dismiss the case. ECF No. 125. Plaintiff does not oppose. ECF No. 28 128. The court submitted the matter without oral argument. ECF No. 129. 1 On August 17, 2021, defendants in Wilson v. Beard et al., Case No. 1:15-cv-01424 (E.D. 2 Cal.) moved to dismiss that case. ECF No. 45. The motion is unopposed. 3 On May 11, 2021, defendants in Suarez v. Beard, et al., Case No. 2:18-cv-00340 (E.D. 4 Cal.) moved to lift the stay and dismiss the action on grounds of qualified immunity. ECF No. 5 114. Plaintiff does not oppose the motion. ECF No. 115. The court submitted the matter without 6 oral arguments. ECF No. 116. 7 The court lifts the stay in the four cases reviewed above and dismisses each plaintiff’s 8 action against defendants on qualified immunity grounds given the Ninth Circuit’s decision. 9 These cases are closed. 10 On September 9, 2021, the defendants in Harris v. Sexton, et al., Case No. 1:18-cv-00080 11 (E.D. Cal) filed an “administrative motion to lift stay.” ECF No. 73. Plaintiff has not responded 12 to defendants’ motion. Good cause appearing, this motion is construed as a motion to reopen this 13 action. Defendants’ motion was not filed within thirty days of the Circuit’s denial of the 14 rehearing petition. Nonetheless, the court acknowledges an ambiguity in the March 31, 2021 15 order as to whether the thirty-day deadline applies to all possible motions or only to a motion to 16 extend the stay; the court grants this motion to lift the stay and reopen. Within thirty days from 17 the date of this order defendants shall file, as appropriate, a dispositive motion or a motion for a 18 new scheduling order. Any motion filed by defendants shall be briefed in accordance with the 19 provisions of Local Rule 230(m). 20 On May 7, 2021, the defendants in Lipsey v. Norum et al., Case No. 2:18-cv-00362 (E.D. 21 Cal.) moved to lift the stay and dismiss the action. ECF No. 212. Plaintiff opposed. ECF No. 22 214. Defendants replied. ECF No. 215. On May 7, 2021, defendants in Rico v. Ducart et al., 23 Case No. 2:19-cv-01989 (E.D. Cal.) moved to lift the stay and dismiss that action. ECF No. 42. 24 Plaintiff opposed. ECF No. 44. Defendants replied. ECF No. 45. The court submitted the 25 matter without oral argument. ECF No. 46. 26 On appeal in Rico, the Ninth Circuit panel relied on the fact that defendants were 27 completing Guard One checks required by an order of this court. See Rico, 980 F.3d at 1302. 28 Relatedly, this court has allowed Christopher Lipsey to intervene in the Coleman case to litigate 1 his claim “that the Guard one suicide prevention monitoring system ‘causes sleep deprivation in 2 violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution.’” Order (June 3, 2021), 3 ECF No. 7191, at 2 (quoting Order (February 27, 2020) at 3, ECF No. 6487). After consideration 4 of the two actions in which plaintiffs have filed opposition to defendants’ motions and the 5 Coleman pleadings discussed above, and good cause appearing, Lipsey v. Norum, Case No. 2:18- 6 cv-00362 (E.D. Cal.) and Rico v. Ducart, Case No. 2:19-cv-01989 (E.D. Cal.), will remain stayed 7 pending this court’s decision on the claim in intervention in Coleman. Within thirty days from 8 the date of this order defendants shall file, as appropriate, a dispositive motion or seek a new 9 scheduling order. Any motion filed by defendants shall be briefed in accordance with the 10 provisions of Local Rule 230(m). 11 For the reasons explained above, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that: 12 1. The unopposed motions to lift the stays and dismiss the cases of Matthews v. 13 Holland et al., Case No. 1:14-cv-01959 (E.D. Cal.), ECF No. 86; Rico v. Beard et 14 al., Case No. 2:17-cv-1402 (E.D. Cal.), ECF No. 125; Wilson v. Beard et al., Case 15 No. 1:15-cv-01424 (E.D. Cal.), ECF No. 45; and Suarez v. Beard, et al., Case No. 16 2:18-cv-00340 (E.D. Cal.), ECF No. 114, are granted on the grounds of qualified 17 immunity. The Clerk of the Court is directed to enter judgment in favor of 18 defendants in each case. These four cases are CLOSED. 19 2. The unopposed motion to lift the stay at ECF No. 73 in Harris v. Sexton et al., Case 20 No. 1:18-cv-00080 (E.D. Cal), is granted. Within thirty days from the date of this 21 order defendants shall file, as appropriate, a dispositive motion or a motion for a 22 new scheduling order. Any motion filed by defendants shall be briefed in 23 accordance with the provisions of Local Rule 230(m). 24 3. Defendants’ May 7, 2021 motions to lift stay and dismiss in the cases of Lipsey v. 25 Norum, et al., Case No. 2:18-cv-00362 (E.D. Cal.), ECF No. 212, and Rico v. 26 Ducart, et al., Case No. 2:19-cv-01989 (E.D. Cal), ECF No. 42, are denied without 27 prejudice. These actions shall remain stayed pending resolution of plaintiff- 28 intervenor Christopher Lipsey’s claim in Coleman v. Newsom, Case No. 90-0520 1 KJM DB (E.D. Cal.). Counsel for plaintiffs in these two cases shall inform 2 defendants in these cases within fourteen days of resolution of Lipsey’s claim in 3 intervention in Coleman and, thereafter, defendants may file, within thirty days of 4 such notification, a dispositive motion or a motion for a new scheduling order. 5 DATED: October 4, 2021. 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28