(PC) Johnson v. Superior Court Of California Kings County ( 2023 )

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 DERRICK L. JOHNSON, No. 1:23-cv-01124-SAB (PC) 12 Plaintiff, ORDER DIRECTING CLERK OF COURT TO RANDOMLY ASSIGN A DISTRICT JUDGE 13 v. TO THIS ACTION 14 SUPERIOR COURT OF CALIFORNIA FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS KINGS COUNTY, et al., RECOMMENDING DISMISSAL OF 15 ACTION, WITHOUT PREJUDICE, FOF Defendants. FAILURE TO PROSECUTE 16 (ECF No. 6) 17 18 Plaintiff is proceeding pro se and in forma pauperis in this action filed pursuant to 42 19 U.S.C. § 1983. Plaintiff filed the instant action on July 18, 2023. On July 24, 2023, the Court 20 issued an order directing Plaintiff to submit a completed application to proceed in forma pauperis 21 or pay the $402.00 filing fee within 30 days. (ECF No. 3.) Plaintiff failed to respond to the 22 Court’s order. Therefore, on September 5, 2023, the Court ordered Plaintiff to show cause why 23 the action should not be dismissed, without prejudice, for failure to prosecute and failure to 24 comply with a court order. (ECF No. 6.) Plaintiff has failed to respond to the order to show 25 cause and the time to do so has passed. Accordingly, dismissal of the action is warranted. 26 /// 27 /// 28 1 I. 2 DISCUSSION 3 Local Rule 110 provides that “[f]ailure ... of a party to comply with these Rules or with 4 any order of the Court may be grounds for imposition by the Court of any and all sanctions ... 5 within the inherent power of the Court.” District courts have the inherent power to control their 6 dockets and “[i]n the exercise of that power they may impose sanctions including, where 7 appropriate, ... dismissal.” Thompson v. Hous. Auth., 782 F.2d 829, 831 (9th Cir. 1986). A court 8 may dismiss an action, with prejudice, based on a party's failure to prosecute an action, failure to 9 obey a court order, or failure to comply with local rules. See, e.g., Ghazali v. Moran, 46 F.3d 52, 10 53–54 (9th Cir. 1995) (dismissal for noncompliance with local rule); Ferdik v. Bonzelet, 963 F.2d 11 1258, 1260–61 (9th Cir. 1992) (dismissal for failure to comply with an order requiring 12 amendment of complaint); Malone v. U.S. Postal Serv., 833 F.2d 128, 130–33 (9th Cir. 1987) 13 (dismissal for failure to comply with court order). 14 In determining whether to dismiss an action, the Court must consider several factors: (1) 15 the public's interest in expeditious resolution of litigation; (2) the Court's need to manage its 16 docket; (3) the risk of prejudice to the defendants; (4) the public policy favoring disposition of 17 cases on their merits; and (5) the availability of less drastic sanctions. Henderson v. Duncan, 779 18 F.2d 1421, 1423 (9th Cir. 1986); Carey v. King, 856 F.2d 1439, 1440 (9th Cir. 1988). 19 Here, Plaintiff’s completed application to proceed in forma pauperis (or payment of the 20 filing fee) is overdue and he has failed to comply with the Court’s orders. The Court cannot 21 effectively manage its docket if Plaintiff ceases litigating his case. Thus, the Court finds that both 22 the first and second factors weigh in favor of dismissal. 23 The third factor, risk of prejudice to defendant, also weighs in favor of dismissal, since a 24 presumption of injury arises from the occurrence of unreasonable delay in prosecuting an action. 25 Anderson v. Air W., 542 F.2d 522, 524 (9th Cir. 1976). The fourth factor usually weighs against 26 dismissal because public policy favors disposition on the merits. Pagtalunan v. Galaza, 291 F.3d 27 639, 643 (9th Cir. 2002). However, “this factor lends little support to a party whose responsibility 28 it is to move a case toward disposition on the merits but whose conduct impedes progress in that 1 direction,” which is the case here. In re Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) Products Liability Litigation, 2 460 F.3d 1217, 1228 (9th Cir. 2006) (citation omitted). 3 Finally, the Court's warning to a party that failure to obey the court's order will result in 4 dismissal satisfies the “considerations of the alternatives” requirement. Ferdik, 963 F.2d at 1262; 5 Malone, 833 at 132–33; Henderson, 779 F.2d at 1424. The Court’s July 24, 2023 order expressly 6 warned Plaintiff that his failure to comply with the Court’s order to file completed application to 7 proceed in forma pauperis (or to pay the filing fee for this action) may result in dismissal of this 8 action for lack of prosecution and failure to comply with court rules and orders.” (ECF No. 3 at 9 1.) The Court’s order to show cause further warned Plaintiff that his failure to file a completed 10 application to proceed in forma pauperis would result in a recommendation to dismiss the action. 11 (ECF No. 6 at 1.) Thus, Plaintiff had adequate warning that dismissal could result from his 12 noncompliance. 13 Additionally, at this stage in the proceedings there is little available to the Court that 14 would constitute a satisfactory lesser sanction while protecting the Court from further 15 unnecessary expenditure of its scarce resources. Plaintiff has failed to file a completed application 16 to proceed in forma pauperis or pay the filing for this action. Thus, Plaintiff failure to pay the fee 17 or proceed in forma pauperis makes monetary sanctions of little use, and the preclusion of 18 evidence or witnesses is likely to have no effect given that Plaintiff has ceased litigating his case. 19 II. 20 ORDER AND RECOMMENDATIONS 21 Accordingly, the Court HEREBY ORDERS the Clerk of the Court to randomly assign a 22 district judge to this action. 23 Further, the Court finds that dismissal is the appropriate sanction and HEREBY 24 RECOMMENDS that this action be dismissed, without prejudice, for failure to obey Court orders 25 and for Plaintiff's failure to prosecute this action. 26 These Findings and Recommendation will be submitted to the United States District Judge 27 assigned to the case, pursuant to the provisions of Title 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). Within fourteen 28 (14) days after being served with these Findings and Recommendation, Plaintiff may file written 1 | objections with the Court. The document should be captioned “Objections to Magistrate Judge's 2 | Findings and Recommendation.” Plaintiff is advised that failure to file objections within the 3 || specified time may result in the waiver of the “right to challenge the magistrate's factual findings” 4 | on appeal. Wilkerson v. Wheeler, 772 F.3d 834, 839 (9th Cir. 2014) (citing Baxter v. Sullivan, 5 | 923 F.2d 1391, 1394 (9th Cir. 1991)). 6 7 IT IS SO ORDERED. Zl Se g | Dated: _December 5, 2023 _ _PAA ee 9 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28