Estate of Xander Mann v. County of Stanislaus ( 2022 )

1 Mark E. Merin (State Bar No. 043849) Paul H. Masuhara (State Bar No. 289805) 2 LAW OFFICE OF MARK E. MERIN 1010 F Street, Suite 300 3 Sacramento, California 95814 4 Telephone: (916) 443-6911 Facsimile: (916) 447-8336 5 E-Mail: mark@markmerin.com paul@markmerin.com 6 Attorneys for Plaintiffs 7 ESTATE OF XANDER MANN, AMY PICKERING, and JUSTIN MANN 8 9 RIVERA HEWITT PAUL LLP 11341 Gold Express Drive, Ste. 160 10 Gold River, California 95670 Tel: 916-922-1200 11 Fax: 916-922-1303 Shanan L. Hewitt (SBN 200168) 12 shewitt@rhplawyers.com 13 Jill B. Nathan (SBN 186136) jnathan@rhplawyers.com 14 Wendy Motooka (SBN 233589) wmotooka@rhplawyers.com 15 Attorneys for Defendants 16 COUNTY OF STANISLAUS, STANISLAUS COUNTY SHERIFF’S 17 DEPARTMENT, and JEFF DIRKSE 18 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 19 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 20 FRESNO DIVISION 21 ESTATE OF XANDER MANN, AMY Case No. 1:21-cv-01098-AWI-SKO PICKERING, and JUSTIN MANN, 22 STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER RE: DOCUMENTS RESPONSIVE TO 23 Plaintiffs, REQUESTS FOR PRODUCTION, 24 vs. SETS ONE AND TWO; ORDER 25 COUNTY OF STANISLAUS, STANISLAUS (Doc. 26) COUNTY SHERIFF’S DEPARTMENT, 26 JEFF DIRKSE, GERARDO ZAZUETA, and DOE 1 to 20, 27 28 Defendants. 1 A. PURPOSE AND LIMITATION 2 Defendants believe that the disclosure and discovery activity concerning the materials described 3 in Section C is likely to involve production of confidential or private information for which protection 4 from public disclosure and from use for any purpose other than prosecuting this litigation would be 5 warranted. Plaintiffs have not yet been permitted to view the materials described in Section C. The 6 parties acknowledge that this protective order does not confer blanket protections on all disclosures or 7 discovery activity, and that the protection it affords extends only to the limited information or items that 8 are entitled to such protection under Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c). The parties further acknowledge that this 9 protective order does not entitle any party to file information designated as protected or confidential 10 under seal, where E.D. Cal. L.R. 141 sets forth the procedures that must be followed and reflects the 11 standards that will be applied when a party seeks permission from the Court to file material under seal. 12 B. DEFINITIONS 13 The following definitions shall apply to this Protective Order: 14 1. The “Action” shall mean and refer to the above-captioned matter and to all actions now or 15 later consolidated with the Action, and any appeal from the Action and from any other action 16 consolidated at any time under the above-captioned matter, through final judgment. 17 2. “Documents” or “Confidential Documents” shall mean the documents that Defendants 18 designate as “Confidential” and described in Section C. 19 3. “Confidential” shall mean information designated “Confidential” pursuant to this 20 Protective Order. Information designated “Confidential” shall be information that is determined in good 21 faith by the attorneys representing the Designating Party to be subject to protection pursuant to Fed. R. 22 Civ. P. 26(c). Confidential Documents, material, and/or information shall be used solely for purposes of 23 litigation. Confidential Information shall not be used by the non-Designating Party for any business or 24 other purpose, unless agreed to in writing by all Parties to this action or as authorized by further order of 25 the Court. 26 4. “Plaintiffs” shall mean the ESTATE OF XANDER MANN, AMY PICKERING, and 27 JUSTIN MANN. 28 5. “Defendants” shall mean the COUNTY OF STANISLAUS, STANISLAUS COUNTY 1 SHERIFF’S DEPARTMENT, JEFF DIRKSE, GERARDO ZAZUETA, and any other Defendants that 2 may subsequently be added to this action (for example, “DOE 1 to 20”). 3 6. “Parties” shall mean Plaintiffs and Defendants, identified above. 4 C. INFORMATION COVERED 5 Covered Information: 6 Pursuant to E.D. Cal. L.R. 141.1(c)(1), a description of the information eligible for protection 7 under this Protective Order is limited to the following: 8 1. “Coroner’s Report” (Bates No. “StanCo_2197-2214”) 9 2. “X-Rays of Xander Mann” (Bates No. “StanCo_0251-0267, 2221-2236”) 10 3. “Audio Interviews of Valerie Kennedy” (Bates No. “StanCo_0268-269”) 11 4. “Audio Interviews of Rhiannon Taylor” (Bates No. “StanCo_0273-275”) 12 5. “Audio Interviews of Hector Delalto” (Bates No. “StanCo_0270-271”) 13 6. “Audio Interviews of Deputy Zazueta and counsel” (Bates No. “StanCo_2240-2241”) 14 7. “OIS Photos” (Bates No. “StanCo_0276-0941”) 15 8. “Investigation Photos” (Bates No. “StanCo_1376-1744”) 16 9. “DJI Drone Photos” (Bates No. “StanCo_0942-1375”) 17 10. “Autopsy Photos” (Bates No. “StanCo_2242-2366”) 18 11. “Bodycam Videos” (Bates No. “StanCo_1745-1767, 1769”) 19 12. “Bodycam Video” (Bates No. “StanCo_1768”) 20 13. “Audio Interview of Deputy Zazueta” (Bates No. “StanCo_2237-2239”) 21 14. “FTO Stanley Bodycam” (Bates No. “StanCo_1773”) 22 15. “Radio Transmission” (Bates No. “StanCo_1770-1771”) 23 16. “Sgt. Ruelas Interview” (Bates No. “StanCo_2369”) 24 17. “Sgt. Hatfield Interview” (Bates No. “StanCo_2367”) 25 18. “Sgt. Barringer Interview” (Bates No. “StanCo_2368”) 26 19. “Gerardo Zazueta Personnel Records” (Bates No. “StanCo_2370-2437, 2475-2494”) 27 20. “Audio Files, Dispatch” (Bates No. “StanCo_1775-1934”) 28 21. “Bodycam Videos” (Bates No. “StanCo_1936-1952”) 1 22. “Dep. Zazueta POST Training Records” (Bates No. “StanCo_2215-2217”) 2 23. “Training Rosters” (Bates No. “StanCo_2218-2220”) 3 24. “Report Data Extraction” (Bates No. “StanCo_2180-2183”) 4 25. “Report Data Extraction” (Bates No. “StanCo_2175-2179”) 5 26. “Report Interview of Rhiannon Taylor” (Bates No. “StanCo_2169-2174”) 6 27. “Report of Dalton Gonzalez” (Bates No. “StanCo_2157-2168”) 7 28. “Report Re: Observations of Hector Delalto at DMC” (Bates No. “StanCo_2153-2156”) 8 29. “Report Re: Traffic Control” (Bates No. “StanCo_2149-2152) 9 30. “ICJIS Reports” (Bates No. “StanCo_0001-0249”) 10 31. “Memo Re: Pursuit” (Bates No. “StanCo_2438-2439”) 11 32. “SP21018395 CAD” (Bates No. “StanCo_2057-2079”) 12 33. “MCS21219084 CAD” (Bates No. “StanCo_2080-2084”) 13 34. “IA#21-19 MPD” (Bates No. “StanCo_2184-2196”) 14 35. “Deputy Tovar Interview Drawings” (Bates No. “StanCo_2440-2442”) 15 36. “Crime Scene Analyst Mapping; OIS Pursuit Route” (Bates No. “StanCo_2052-2053”) 16 37. “Evidence List” (Bates No. “StanCo_2054-2056”) 17 38. “Emails Re: Traffic Cams of Pursuit” (Bates No. “StanCo_2443-2454”) 18 39. “County Claim Investigation” (Bates No. “StanCo_2455-2457”) 19 40. “CAD Abstract Detail” (Bates No. “StanCo_2085-2130”) 20 41. “Report S211018395” (Bates No. “StanCo_2131-2148”) 21 42. “Citizen’s Complaints against Deputy Zazueta” (Bates No. “StanCo_2475-2494”) 22 43. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by case agent Deputy Dalton Gonzalez 23 (Controlled Document Case No: S21018395)” 24 44. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Field Training Officer Deputy 25 Brandon Stanley (Controlled Document Case No: S21018395)” 26 45. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Deputy Alex Tovar (Controlled 27 Document Case No: S21018395)” 28 46. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Deputy Colton Cline (Controlled 1 Document Case No: S21018395)” 2 47. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Deputy Michael Vami (Controlled 3 Document Case No: S21018395)” 4 48. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Deputy Andrew Winter (Controlled 5 Document Case No: S21018395)” 6 49. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Deputy Michael Gamez (Controlled 7 Document Case No: S21018395)” 8 50. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Sergeant Kenneth Barringer 9 (Controlled Document Case No: S21018395)” 10 51. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Deputy Caitlin Pfaff (Controlled 11 Document Case No: S21018395)” 12 52. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Deputy Craig Valera (Controlled 13 Document Case No: S21018395)” 14 53. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Deputy Michael Carranza 15 (Controlled Document Case No: S21018395)” 16 54. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Detective Hickman (Controlled 17 Document Case No: S21018395)” 18 55. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Detective Sgt. Joshua Sandoval 19 (Controlled Document Case No: S21018395)” 20 56. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Detective Marissa Silva (Controlled 21 Document Case No: S21018395)” 22 57. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Detective Michael Fisher (Controlled 23 Document Case No: S21018395)” 24 58. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Sergeant Darwin Hatfield (Controlled 25 Document Case No: S21018395)” 26 59. “Modesto Police Department Supplemental Report in Case No. MP21012599, Officer 27 Adam Weber” 28 60. “Modesto Police Department Supplemental Report in Case No. MP21012599, Officer 1 Conner Jones” 2 61. “Modesto Police Department Incident Report in Case No. MP21012599, Officer Jeffrey 3 Harmon” 4 62. “Modesto Police Department Supplemental Report in Case No. MP21012599, Officer 5 Ryan Vander Tuig” 6 63. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Report, by Detective Darwin Summerton 7 (Controlled Document Case No: S21018395)” 8 64. “Stanislaus County 911 CAD Response Report (SP210183 95) (23 pages), Traffic Pursuit, 9 Deputy Stanley and Deputy Tovar, dispatched 05/18/2021 at 01:50:32” 10 65. “Stanislaus County 911 CAD Response Report (MCS21219084) (5 pages), EMSCPR, 11 dispatched 05/18/2021 at 02:12:42” 12 66. “Stanislaus County 911 CAD Abstract Report (SP21138007) (46 pages), 245 Assault w/ 13 deadly weapon, primary agent David Hickman, dispatched on 05/18/2021 at 1:50:32” 14 67. “Urine and Toxicology Report of Xander Mann (4 Pages)” 15 68. “Officer Involved Shooting Photographs (approximately 650 Photos)” 16 69. “Investigation Photographs (approximately 350 Photos)” 17 70. “Drone Photographs of Scene (approximately 400 Photos)” 18 71. “Recordings of Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Interview of Hector Del Alto (2 19 files)” 20 72. “Recording of Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Interview of Loralye Vann 21 provided by the Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department” 22 73. “Recordings of Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Interview of Rihannon Taylor (3 23 files)” 24 74. “Recordings of Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Interview of Valerie Kennedy (2 25 files)” 26 75. “Body Camera Videos from Modesto Police Officers” 27 76. “Body Camera Video of Stanislaus County Sheriff’s deputies” 28 77. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Officer Training, PIT Course Training Roster, 1 January 6, 2021” 2 78. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Advanced Officer Training, Sheriffs Tactical 3 Operations Program (‘S.T.O.P.’), PIT Course Training Roster (‘STOP’), February 25, 2021” 4 79. “Stanislaus County Sheriff’s Department Advanced Officer Training, Sheriffs Tactical 5 Operations Program (‘S.T.O.P.’), Firearms Training Roster, February 24, 2021” 6 Particularized Need for Protection: 7 Pursuant to E.D. Cal. L.R. 141.1(c)(2), Defendants maintain that a specific, particularized need 8 for protection as to the information covered by this Protective Order exists. In good faith, Defendants 9 represented to the Court that the materials designated to be covered by this Protective Order are limited 10 solely to those which would qualify for protection under Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c), and does not include 11 information which has been subject to protection on an indiscriminate basis. See, e.g., In Re Roman 12 Catholic Archbishop of Portland, 661 F.3d 417, 424 (9th Cir. 2011) (identifying a two-part test for 13 obtaining a protective order under Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c)). 14 Showing of Need for a Protective Order: 15 Pursuant to E.D. Cal. L.R. 141.1(c)(3), the need for protection pursuant to this Protective Order is 16 for the convenience of Defendants and the Court. Defendants seek to avoid litigation and expenditure of 17 resources concerning a potential Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c) motion for protective order. The entry of this 18 Protective Order may prevent the parties and the Court from conducting the usual document-by- 19 document analysis necessary to obtain protection under Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c), in favor of a procedure 20 whereby presumptive protection is afforded based on Defendants’ good faith representations. See, e.g., 21 Cipollone v. Liggett Group, Inc., 785 F.2d 1108, 1122 (3d Cir. 1986) (“[T]he burden of justifying the 22 confidentiality of each and every document sought to be covered by a protective order remains on the 23 party seeking the protective order; any other conclusion would turn [Fed. R. Civ. P.] 26(c) on its head.”). 24 As a result, production may be made with this Protective Order in place and, if necessary, will permit 25 discrete and narrowed challenges to the documents covered by this Protective Order. 26 D. TERMS OF THE PROTECTIVE ORDER 27 Confidential Documents subject to protection may be designated as “Confidential” by the 28 Defendants and produced subject to the following Protective Order: 1 1. The Confidential Documents shall be used solely in connection with the above-captioned 2 civil case, and in the preparation and trial of the case. The Parties do not waive any objections to the 3 admissibility of the documents or portions thereof in future proceedings in this case, including trial. 4 2. The Parties will designate the Confidential Documents as confidential by affixing a mark 5 labelling them “Confidential.” 6 3. The Confidential Documents may only be disclosed to the following persons: 7 a. Mark E. Merin and Paul H. Masuhara of the LAW OFFICE OF MARK E. 8 MERIN, partners and associate attorneys in that office, if any, as counsel for Plaintiffs in the case 9 enumerated above; 10 b. Shanan L. Hewitt, Jill B. Nathan, and Wendy Motooka of RIVERA HEWITT 11 PAUL LLP, partners and associate attorneys in that firm, if any, as counsel for Defendants in the case 12 enumerated above; 13 c. John R. Whitefleet of PORTER SCOTT, partners and associate attorneys in that 14 firm, if any, as counsel for Defendant Gerardo Zazueta in the case enumerated above; 15 d. Paralegal, clerical, and secretarial personnel regularly employed by counsel 16 referred to in subparts (a), (b), and (c) immediately above, including stenographic deposition reporters or 17 videographers retained in connection with this action; 18 e. Court personnel, including stenographic reporters or videographers engaged in 19 proceedings as are necessarily incidental to the preparation for the trial in the civil action; 20 f. Any expert, consultant, or investigator retained in connection with this action; 21 however, such persons must be advised of and abide by this protective order; 22 g. The finder of facts at the time of trial, subject to the court’s rulings on in limine 23 motions and objections of counsel; and 24 h. Witnesses during their depositions in this action. If confidential documents are 25 used in the deposition, the documents must be identified as “Confidential” and the portion of the 26 deposition in which the documents are described should also be considered confidential. 27 4. Information covered by this Protective Order does not automatically entitle the Parties to 28 file such information or documents with the Court under seal. Any request to seal documents is governed 1 by E.D. L.R. 141. If the Confidential Documents are filed with any motion or other pleading, a party may 2 seek permission from the Court to file the Confidential Documents under seal according to E.D. Cal. L.R. 3 141. If permission is granted, the Confidential Documents will be filed and served in accordance with 4 E.D. Cal. L.R. 141. 5 5. The designation of the Confidential Documents as “Confidential” and the subsequent 6 production thereof is without prejudice to the right of any party to oppose the admissibility of the 7 Confidential Documents or information contained therein. 8 6. Any party or non-party may challenge a designation of confidentiality at any time. A party 9 or non-party does not waive its right to challenge a confidentiality designation by electing not to mount a 10 challenge promptly after the original designation is disclosed. The Challenging Party shall initiate the 11 dispute resolution process by providing written notice of each designation it is challenging and 12 describing the basis for each challenge. The parties shall attempt to resolve each challenge in good faith 13 and must begin the process by conferring directly (in voice-to-voice dialogue; other forms of 14 communication are not sufficient) within seven (7) days of the date of service of notice. In conferring, the 15 Challenging Party must explain the basis for its belief that the confidentiality designation was not proper 16 and must give the Designating Party an opportunity to review the designated material, to reconsider the 17 circumstances, and, if no change in designation is offered, to explain the basis for the chosen designation. 18 A Challenging Party may proceed to the next stage of the challenge process only if it has engaged in this 19 meet and confer process first or establishes that the Designating Party is unwilling to participate in the 20 meet and confer process in a timely manner. If the Parties cannot resolve a challenge without Court 21 intervention, the Designating Party shall file and serve a motion for protective order pursuant to Fed. R. 22 Civ. P. 26(c) and E.D. Cal. L.R. 251 within twenty-one (21) days of the initial notice of challenge or 23 within seven (7) days of the parties agreeing that the meet and confer process will not resolve their 24 dispute, whichever is earlier. Failure by the Designating Party to make such a motion within twenty-one 25 (21) days (or seven (7) days, if applicable) shall automatically waive the “Confidential” designation for 26 each challenged designation. In addition, the Challenging Party may file a motion challenging a 27 confidentiality designation at any time if there is good cause for doing so. The burden of persuasion in 28 any such challenge proceeding shall be on the Designating Party. Unless the Designating Party has 1 waived the confidentiality designation by failing to file a motion to retain confidentiality as described 2 above, all parties shall continue to afford the material in question the level of protection to which it is 3 entitled under the Designating Party’s designation until the Court rules on the challenge. 4 7. Should the Confidential Documents or any information contained therein be disclosed, 5 through inadvertence or otherwise, to any person not authorized to receive it under this Protective Order, 6 the disclosing person(s) shall promptly (a) inform counsel for the Defendants of the recipient(s) and the 7 circumstances of the unauthorized disclosure to the relevant producing person(s) and (b) use best efforts 8 to bind the recipient(s) to the terms of this Protective Order. 9 8. The Confidential Documents shall not lose its confidential status because it was 10 inadvertently or unintentionally disclosed to a person not authorized to receive it under this Protective 11 Order. 12 9. The protections conferred by this Protective Order cover the information defined above, as 13 well as any information copied from the materials. However, the protections conferred by this Protective 14 Order do not cover: (A) any information that is in the public domain at the time of disclosure or which 15 subsequently becomes part of the public domain after its disclosure, including becoming part of the 16 public record through trial or otherwise; and (B) any information known prior to the disclosure or 17 obtained after the disclosure from a source who obtained the information lawfully and under no 18 obligation of confidentiality. 19 10. After the conclusion of this litigation, the Confidential Documents will remain 20 confidential. “Conclusion” of this litigation means a termination of the case following a trial, settlement, 21 or dismissal of the Action with prejudice for any other reason. 22 11. This Stipulated Protective Order shall remain in full force and effect and shall continue to 23 be binding on all parties and affected persons until this litigation terminates, subject to any subsequent 24 modifications of this Stipulated Protective Order for good cause shown by this Court or any Court having 25 jurisdiction over an appeal of this action. Upon termination of this litigation, the parties agree the 26 Stipulated Protective Order shall continue in force as a private agreement between the parties. 27 12. The parties may request additional records to be subject to this Stipulated Protective 28 Order. If a party believes a document to be produced should be subject to this Stipulated Protective 1 Order, the parties must meet and confer. If there is agreement, the parties shall submit an amendment to 2 this Stipulated Protective Order to identify the additional documents. If the parties cannot agree, a 3 Motion for Protective Order shall be filed accordingly. 4 13. During the pendency of this lawsuit, the Court shall (a) make such amendments, 5 modifications and additions to this Protective Order as it may deem appropriate upon good cause shown; 6 and, (b) adjudicate any dispute arising under it. 7 IT IS SO STIPULATED. 8 Dated: March 1, 2022 Respectfully Submitted, LAW OFFICE OF MARK E. MERIN 9 /s/ Mark E. Merin 10 By: __________________________________ 11 Mark E. Merin 12 P aul H. Masuhara Attorneys for Plaintiffs 13 ESTATE OF XANDER MANN, AMY PICKERING, and JUSTIN MANN 14 15 Dated: March 1, 2022 Respectfully Submitted, RIVERA HEWITT PAUL LLP 16 /s/ Jill B. Nathan 17 (as authorized on March 1, 2022) 18 By: __________________________________ Shanan L. Hewitt 19 Jill B. Nathan W endy Motooka 20 Attorneys for Defendants COUNTY OF STANISLAUS, 21 STANISLAUS COUNTY SHERIFF’S 22 DEPARTMENT, and JEFF DIRKSE 23 24 25 26 27 28 1 ORDER 2 Pursuant to the parties’ foregoing stipulation (Doc. 27), IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT: 3 1. Requests to seal documents shall be made by motion before the same judge who will 4 decide the matter related to that request to seal, unless otherwise ordered by the Court. 5 2. The designation of documents (including transcripts of testimony) as confidential pursuant 6 to this order does not automatically entitle the parties to file such a document with the court under seal. 7 Parties are advised that any request to seal documents in this district is governed by Local Rule 141. In 8 brief, Local Rule 141 provides that documents may only be sealed by a written order of the court after a 9 specific request to seal has been made. L.R. 141(a). However, a mere request to seal is not enough under 10 the local rules. In particular, Local Rule 141(b) requires that “[t]he ‘Request to Seal Documents’ shall set 11 forth the statutory or other authority for sealing, the requested duration, the identity, by name or category, 12 of persons to be permitted access to the document, and all relevant information.” L.R. 141(b). 13 3. A request to seal material must normally meet the high threshold of showing that 14 “compelling reasons” support secrecy; however, where the material is, at most, “tangentially related” to 15 the merits of a case, the request to seal may be granted on a showing of “good cause.” Ctr. for Auto 16 Safety v. Chrysler Grp., LLC, 809 F.3d 1092, 1096-1102 (9th Cir. 2016); Kamakana v. City and County 17 of Honolulu, 447 F.3d 1172, 1178-80 (9th Cir. 2006). 18 4. Nothing in this order shall limit the testimony of parties or non-parties, or the use of 19 certain documents, at any court hearing or trial – such determinations will only be made by the court at 20 the hearing or trial, or upon an appropriate motion. 21 5. With respect to motions regarding any disputes concerning this protective order which the 22 parties cannot informally resolve, the parties shall follow the procedures outlined in Local Rule 251. 23 Absent a showing of good cause, the court will not hear discovery disputes on an ex parte basis or on 24 shortened time. 25 6. The parties may not modify the terms of this Protective Order without the court’s 26 approval. If the parties agree to a potential modification, they shall submit a stipulation and proposed 27 order for the court’s consideration. 28 7. Pursuant to Local Rule 141.1(f), the court will not retain jurisdiction over enforcement of 1 the terms of this Protective Order after the action is terminated. 2 8. Any provision in the parties’ stipulation that is in conflict with anything in this order is 3 hereby disapproved. 4 5 IT IS SO ORDERED. 6 Dated: March 1, 2022 /s/ Sheila K. Oberto . 7 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28