People v. Leyva CA2/6 ( 2015 )

Filed 12/17/15 P. v. Leyva CA2/6
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT
DIVISION SIX
THE PEOPLE, 2d Crim. No. B257370
(Super. Ct. No. F489039)
Plaintiff and Respondent, (San Luis Obispo County)
v.
DANNY LEYVA,
Defendant and Appellant.
Danny Leyva appeals from the judgment following his conviction by jury
of attempted murder (Pen. Code, §§ 664, 187) and assault with a deadly weapon by a
prisoner (§ 4501).1 The jury acquitted him of aggravated mayhem (§ 205) and found
untrue allegations that he personally inflicted great bodily injury upon the victim of the
attempted murder and assault. (§ 12022.7, subd. (a).) In a bifurcated proceeding the
trial court found that appellant suffered a prior serious felony conviction and a prior
felony strike. (§§ 667, subds. (a), (d), (e), 1170.12, subds. (b), (c).) The court sentenced
him to a 23-year prison term. Appellant contends there is insufficient evidence to support
his convictions. We affirm.
1
All statutory references are to the Penal Code.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
On the evening of September 30, 2012, Officer Todd Rodin saw inmate
Antwaren Roberts "fly" out of his cell and "fall on his back." His face was covered with
blood. Appellant and Arbi Kamali, who were assigned to another cell, crawled from
Roberts's cell. Both were "covered in blood."2 Rodin ordered Kamali and appellant to
the ground. They complied.
Rodin saw blood all over Roberts's cell floor and grew concerned about the
welfare of Roberts's cellmate, Golden. Rodin located Golden, who had no injuries, in
another room. Meanwhile, other officers saw Kamali and appellant outside the shower
area. Both were "wet," and no longer had blood on their skin. Something that resembled
blood was on the shower curtain. The shorts that appellant wore, and the inner portion of
his right shoe, had blood spots.
Officer Edward Nixon examined Roberts's cell and found two "inmate-
manufactured weapons" in the toilet. One was a "slashing" weapon constructed from a
Bic razor, tape and cloth. The other was a "stabbing" weapon constructed from the metal
portion of a mop handle and white "T-shirt type" fabric. Sergeant Daniel Soto searched
the cell that appellant and Kamali shared and found a piece of cloth and a roll of tape
under a bed. The width and material of the cloth were similar to the cloth on the stabbing
weapon. The loose ends of the tape on the roll and the stabbing weapon appeared to
match.
Roberts was treated at an emergency hospital. He had nine stab or puncture
wounds, including two in his left torso, two in his back and neck area, and one under his
left armpit. He also had three "slash" wounds, including a two- and a half-inch long
wound on his left cheek and a half-inch long wound on his lower chin.
2
The prosecution jointly charged appellant and Kamali. Before trial, Kamali pled no
contest to attempted murder, and admitted the great bodily injury enhancement and a
prior strike conviction.
2
DISCUSSION
Appellant contends that the evidence is insufficient to sustain his attempted
murder and assault with deadly weapon convictions. We conclude otherwise.
"When the sufficiency of the evidence to support a conviction is challenged
on appeal, we review the entire record in the light most favorable to the judgment to
determine whether it contains evidence that is reasonable, credible, and of solid value
from which a reasonable trier of fact could find the defendant guilty beyond a reasonable
doubt. [Citation.] 'Conflicts and even testimony which is subject to justifiable suspicion
do not justify the reversal of a judgment, for it is the exclusive province of the trial judge
or jury to determine the credibility of a witness and the truth or falsity of the facts upon
which a determination depends.' [Citation.]" (People v. Elliott (2012) 53 Cal. 4th 535,
585.) "A reversal for insufficient evidence 'is unwarranted unless it appears "that upon
no hypothesis whatever is there sufficient substantial evidence to support"' the jury's
verdict." (People v. Zamudio (2008) 43 Cal. 4th 327, 357.)
The conviction for attempted murder required proof that appellant intended
to kill Roberts and took a direct but ineffectual act toward accomplishing the killing
(People v. Smith (2005) 37 Cal. 4th 733, 739) or, under an aiding and abetting theory,
proof that he gave aid or encouragement to the perpetrator with knowledge of his intent
to kill Roberts and with the purpose of facilitating accomplishment of the intended
killing. (People v. Lee (2003) 31 Cal. 4th 613, 624.) The "intent to kill . . ., the mental
state required to convict a defendant of attempted murder may . . . be inferred from the
defendant's acts and the circumstances of the crime. [Citation.] '. . . Such intent must
usually be derived from all the circumstances of the attempt, including the defendant's
actions.' [Citation.]" (People v. Smith, supra, at p. 741.)
In challenging the sufficiency of the evidence, appellant stresses that the
jury found he did not personally inflict great bodily injury on Roberts. "An inconsistency
may show no more than jury lenity, compromise, or mistake, none of which undermines
the validity of the verdict. [Citation.]" (People v. Lewis (2001) 25 Cal. 4th 610, 656.)
Even if it concluded he did not directly attack Roberts, the jury could find that appellant
3
aided and abetted the perpetrator. Appellant crawled from Roberts's blood-covered cell,
on his hands and knees, covered in blood, immediately after the attack, with Kamali, the
only other possible perpetrator. The number, location and nature of Roberts's injuries
support the inference that his attackers intended to kill him. (People v. Osband (1996) 13
Cal. 4th 622, 692.) Despite their quick flight to the shower, appellant and Kamali failed
to eliminate the blood stains which linked them to the attack. Substantial evidence
supports the attempted murder under an aiding and abetting theory.
The "[e]vidence is sufficient to prove a conspiracy to commit a crime 'if it
supports an inference that the parties positively or tacitly came to a mutual understanding
to commit a crime. [Citation.] The existence of a conspiracy may be inferred from the
conduct, relationship, interests, and activities of the alleged conspirators before and
during the alleged conspiracy. [Citations.]' [Citation.]" (People v. Rodrigues (1994) 8
Cal. 4th 1060, 1135.) The same evidence that supports the finding that appellant acted as
an aider and abettor also supports the finding that he conspired with Kamali.
Appellant's challenge to the assault conviction fails for the same reasons
that his challenge to the attempted murder fails.
DISPOSITION
The judgment is affirmed.
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED.
PERREN, J.
We concur:
GILBERT, P. J.
YEGAN, J.
4
John A. Trice, Judge
Superior Court County of San Luis Obispo
______________________________
Susan K. Shaler, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for
Defendant and Appellant
Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General, Gerald A. Engler, Chief
Assistant Attorney General, Lance E. Winters, Senior Assistant Attorney General,
Stephanie A. Miyoshi, Daniel C. Chang, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff
and Respondent.