People v. Burton CA5 ( 2015 )

Filed 9/24/15 P. v. Burton CA5
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
THE PEOPLE,
F068041
Plaintiff and Respondent,
(Super. Ct. No. F12909238)
v.
RICHARD LEE BURTON, OPINION
Defendant and Appellant.
THE COURT*
APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of Fresno County. W. Kent
Hamlin, Judge.
Jean M. Marinovich, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant
and Appellant.
Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General, Dane R. Gillette, Chief Assistant Attorney
General, Michael P. Farrell, Assistant Attorney General, Eric L. Christoffersen and John
G. McLean, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.
-ooOoo-
* Before Levy, Acting P.J., Franson, J. and Peña, J.
Defendant Richard Lee Burton was convicted by no contest plea of misdemeanor
driving without a license (Veh. Code, § 12500, subd. (a); count 2). Shortly thereafter, he
was convicted by jury trial of transportation of a controlled substance (Health & Saf.
Code, § 11352, subd. (a);1 count 1). On count 1, the trial court sentenced him to 11 years
in prison as follows: four years, doubled to eight years pursuant to the Three Strikes law
(Pen. Code, §§ 667, subds. (b)-(i), 1170.12, subds. (a)-(d)), plus three one-year prior
prison term enhancements (Pen. Code, § 667.5, subd. (b)). The court granted him
277 days of custody credit and 276 days of conduct credit. We will reverse the judgment
on count 1 and remand the matter for sentencing on count 2.
DISCUSSION
I. Retroactive Application of Amended Section 11352
Defendant contends and the People concede that the amended version of
section 11352 must be applied retroactively to his case because his judgment is not yet
final. (See People v. Vieira (2005) 35 Cal. 4th 264, 306 [for determining retroactive
application of amendment to criminal statute, judgment is not final until time for
petitioning United States Supreme Court for writ of certiorari has passed].) We agree.
Defendant’s conviction for transportation of a controlled substance was not final
when Assembly Bill 721 became effective on January 1, 2014 (2013-2014 Reg. Sess.).
The amended statute essentially requires an additional element because it defines
transportation as transportation for sale. (§ 11352, subd. (c).) We agree that the
amended statute should be applied retroactively to defendant because it mitigates
punishment. (In re Estrada (1965) 63 Cal. 2d 740, 748 [“where the amendatory statute
mitigates punishment and there is no saving clause, the rule is that the amendment will
operate retroactively so that the lighter punishment is imposed”]; People v. Vinson (2011)
1 All statutory references are to the Health and Safety Code unless otherwise noted.
2
193 Cal. App. 4th 1190, 1193-1194, 1197 [Estrada’s reasoning applies where change to
statute is “akin to adding an element to a crime or an enhancement, and benefits a
defendant by making it less likely that he or she will qualify for felony-level
punishment”], 1199 [change to statute “had the effect of mitigating punishment by raising
the level of recidivism required before a defendant can be sentenced to state prison”].)
Having concluded the amended section 11352 applies to defendant, we will
reverse the judgment of conviction on count 1 and remand for possible retrial on that
count.2
II. Sentence on Count 2
The parties also agree that the trial court never orally pronounced sentence on
count 2. Defendant’s plea form states that the maximum sentence defendant could
receive on the plea was 180 days. At the plea hearing, the trial court stated: “Do you
understand that the maximum sentence in this case that the Court could give you is 180
days? [¶] … [¶] And my indication is, given the time that you’ve been in custody, I
would be giving you credit for time served on that.” Defendant answered affirmatively.
Then the court asked, “Did you also discuss with [counsel] that I’m going to ask you to
waive time for sentencing so that we can do this all at the same time?” Again, defendant
answered affirmatively. When the court later sentenced defendant after the jury trial on
count 1, the court did not impose sentence on count 2. The minute order of that hearing
incorrectly states the court imposed a 365-day sentence with credit for 365 days served.
We will remand for sentencing on count 2.
2 Retrial on count 1 is not barred by the prohibition against double jeopardy.
(People v. Figueroa (1993) 20 Cal. App. 4th 65, 71-72.)
3
DISPOSITION
The conviction for transportation of a controlled substance (§ 11352, subd. (a)) on
count 1 is reversed. The matter is remanded for possible retrial on count 1 and for
sentencing on count 2.
4