People v. Arterberry CA2/4 ( 2013 )

Filed 10/15/13 P. v. Arterberry CA2/4
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT
DIVISION FOUR
THE PEOPLE, B242468
Plaintiff and Respondent, (Los Angeles County
Super. Ct. No.VA116917)
v.
RASHEEN GERMAIN ARTERBERRY,
Defendant and Appellant.
APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of Los Angeles County,
Robert A. Higa, Judge. Remanded with directions.
Meredith J. Watts, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and
Appellant.
Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General, Dane R. Gillette, Chief Assistant Attorney
General, Lance E. Winters, Assistant Attorney General, Mary Sanchez and David Zarmi,
Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.
Defendant Rasheen Germain Arterberry appeals from the judgment entered
following his conviction by jury of second degree robbery and being a felon in possession
of a firearm. (Pen. Code, §§ 211, 12021, subd. (a)(1).)1 The jury also found that during
the commission of the robbery, defendant personally used a firearm and a principal was
armed with a firearm. (§§ 12022.53, subd. (b), 12022, subd. (a)(1).) He alleges
sentencing error and asks this court to conduct an independent review of the in camera
hearing conducted pursuant to his Pitchess motion.2
STATEMENT OF FACTS3
On September 19, 2010, Fernando Tamaura was working at a Mobil gas station in
the City of Whittier. At approximately 8:30 that evening, two males grabbed Tamaura
and pulled him away from the counter where the cash register was located. One of the
males was armed with a firearm. They asked him for money. One of the assailants went
through Tamaura’s pocket and took $700 in cash. Tamaura was forced to open the cash
register and the men took approximately $1,300. They also grabbed a cigar box that was
nearby.
When the robbers left the location, Tamaura saw them get into a gold Pontiac,
which was being driven by a third individual. Tamaura got into his truck and followed
the Pontiac as it left the station. Eventually, Tamaura saw the Pontiac park in a driveway.
He lost sight of the three suspects when they went toward a back house.
In court, Tamaura identified a picture of the Pontiac he followed and defendant as
the armed robber.
The robbery was captured on videotape and the recording was played for the jury.
1
All further statutory references are to the Penal Code.
2
Pitchess v. Superior Court (1974) 11 Cal. 3d 531.
3
As defendant does not attack the sufficiency of the evidence, we present an
abbreviated version of the facts.
2
Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Deputy Eduardo Ayala was on duty that evening.
He received a radio call informing him that a robbery victim was following the suspects
into the area where Ayala was patrolling. The deputy met Tamaura at the intersection of
Strozier and Lerma. Tamaura told Deputy Ayala that he last saw the suspects running
westbound. Ayala utilized the radio to set up a containment of the area.
Whittier Police Department Officer Angela Calzada responded to the containment
area to search for the suspects. She looked inside the Pontiac that had been pointed out
by the victim and observed a black hat, a cigar box, and a black handgun.
Deputy Kurt Messerschmidt and his canine arrived at the containment area. They
began searching for the suspects in backyards in the area with no success. The deputy
and the canine were dispatched to a construction site. Deputy Messerschmidt observed a
small building with a door. The dog began barking, indicating it detected the presence of
a human being. After the deputy announced he was going to release the dog, one of the
suspects emerged from the building. Subsequently, all three were taken into custody.
An officer checked the interior of the building. On the floor, he located jeans,
shoes, a bandana, and a wallet containing defendant’s identification. When defendant
was taken into custody, he was wearing no outer clothing.
Defendant’s mother said she and defendant’s grandmother purchased the Pontiac
used in the robbery for defendant.
DISCUSSION
I. The Trial Court Properly Determined That No Personnel Records Were
Discoverable
Defendant filed a Pitchess motion seeking the disclosure of complaints in the
personnel records of Officer Michael Balzano.4 The trial court ruled that it would
4
Defense counsel erroneously states in the opening brief that defendant requested
discovery of materials in the personnel file of Lieutenant Davis. Lieutenant Davis was
the officer who provided Officer Balzano’s personnel file during the in camera hearing.
3
conduct an in camera hearing to determine whether complaints claiming the officer had
engaged in writing false reports or fabricating probable cause should be disclosed to the
defense. (Defendant does not challenge the scope of the court’s ruling with regard to the
subject matter of the complaints it was to examine.) After conducting the hearing, the
court concluded that no materials were discoverable.
Defendant asked this court to independently review the transcript of the in camera
hearing. We have done so. The trial court had Officer Balzano’s personnel file. It
properly set forth with particularity the subject matter of each complaint it reviewed.
(See People v. Mooc (2001) 26 Cal. 4th 1216, 1229-1230.) We conclude it did not abuse
its discretion in determining that nothing in the officer’s personnel file was discoverable.
(Alford v. Superior Court (2003) 29 Cal. 4th 1033, 1039 [“A motion for discovery of
peace officer personnel records is addressed to the sound discretion of the trial court,
reviewable for abuse.”].)
II. Sentencing Error Must Be Corrected and the Matter Must Be Remanded for
a Trial on the Prison Prior Allegations
The amended information alleged that defendant had suffered two prior serious
felony convictions within the meaning of sections 1170.12, subdivisions (a)-(d) and 667,
subdivisions (b)-(i), one prior serious felony conviction within the meaning of section
667, subdivision (a) and two convictions within the meaning of section 1203, subdivision
(e)(4). In addition, defendant was alleged to have served two prior prison terms within
the meaning of section 667.5, subdivision (b).
Defendant admitted he had two prior serious felony convictions within the
meaning of sections 1170.12, subdivisions (a)-(d) and 667, subdivisions (b)-(i) and,
notwithstanding the fact that the amended information alleged only one, two prior
convictions within the meaning of 667, subdivision (a). Defendant did not admit
suffering the two nonserious convictions or serving two prior prison terms. Nor was a
trial conducted to dispose of the allegations. Those allegations simply fell through the
cracks. The court imposed a 25-year-to-life sentence for the robbery conviction, 10 years
4
for the gun enhancement, and 10 years pursuant to section 667, subdivision (a) (five years
for each prior) for a total term of 45 years to life. The sentence for the principal armed
allegation was stricken. A concurrent 25-year-to-life sentence was imposed for the felon
in possession of a firearm conviction.
The parties agree that the court erred in imposing a second five-year term pursuant
to section 667, subdivision (a) and striking the sentence for the principal armed
allegation. Ignoring the fact that the court could not impose 2 five-year sentences
because defendant was charged with only one qualifying prior under section 667,
subdivision (a), the parties correctly point out that the two robbery priors defendant
suffered were brought in the same proceeding. Section 667, subdivision (a) provides that
a five-year enhancement for a prior serious felony conviction shall be imposed for “each
such prior conviction on charges brought and tried separately.” For that reason as well,
the trial court could properly impose only 1 five-year sentence. (In re Harris (1989) 49
Cal. 3d 131, 136-137.) The parties also correctly conclude that the court should have
imposed and stayed the principal armed allegation instead of striking it. (People v.
Gonzalez (2008) 43 Cal. 4th 1118, 1130.)
With respect to the two section 667.5, subdivision (b) priors, the parties take
opposing positions. Defendant asserts the trial court was aware of the two prison priors
and impliedly exercised its discretion to not impose an additional sentence. The Attorney
General argues that because the prior allegations were neither tried nor admitted, the
matter must be remanded for the court to conduct a trial. The Attorney General has the
better argument.
Defendant waived his right to a jury trial on the prior allegations. There is no
question that the section 667.5, subdivision (b) allegations were never resolved by way of
trial or admission. (Neither were the section 1203, subdivision (e)(4) allegations, but
they have no effect on defendant’s sentence.) We confronted a similar situation in
People v. Miller (2008) 164 Cal. App. 4th 653. The information alleged that the defendant
had suffered a prior conviction. However, after she waived jury trial on the alleged prior,
the trial court failed to conduct a trial or make any findings. We concluded: “As double
5
jeopardy protections do not apply to the trial of prior conviction allegations (People v.
Monge (1997) 16 Cal. 4th 826, 845), we remand for a court trial on the prior conviction
allegation and resentencing [citation].” (People v. Miller, supra, at p. 668.) The same
result is called for here.
DISPOSITION
The matter is remanded to the trial court for further proceedings. If the People so
desire, a court trial on the section 667.5, subdivision (b) and 1203, subdivision (e)(4)
allegations is to be conducted.5 The court is directed to strike one of the five-year
sentences imposed pursuant to section 667, subdivision (a) and impose and stay the
sentence pursuant to section 12022, subdivision (a). The clerk is directed to forward an
amended abstract of judgment to the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS
SUZUKAWA, J.
We concur:
WILLHITE, Acting P. J.
MANELLA, J.
5
Given the sentence that defendant received, the prosecution may well conclude
that further proceedings would constitute a waste of court resources; however, that
decision must be a product of the exercise of prosecutorial discretion, not judicial fiat.
6