P. v. Daniels CA2/3 ( 2013 )

Filed 6/12/13 P. v. Daniels CA2/3
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
SECOND APPELLATE DISTRICT
DIVISION THREE
THE PEOPLE, B243981
Plaintiff and Respondent, (Los Angeles County
Super. Ct. No. GA086163)
v.
TANA COLONIAL DANIELS,
Defendant and Appellant.
APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of Los Angeles County, Darrell
Mavis, Judge. Affirmed.
California Appellate Project, Jonathan B. Steiner and Ann Krausz, under
appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and Appellant.
No appearance for Plaintiff and Respondent.
Defendant and appellant, Tana Colonial Daniels, appeals from the judgment
entered following a jury trial which resulted in his conviction of the willful infliction of
corporal injury on a “spouse/cohabitant/child’s parent” (Pen. Code, § 273.5, subd. (a))1
and his admission he previously had been convicted of a serious and violent felony,
assault with a firearm (§ 245, subd. (a)(2)), within the meaning of section 1170,
subdivision (a)(3) and the Three Strikes law (§§ 667, subds. (b)-(i), 1170.12, subds. (a)-
(d)). The trial court sentenced Daniels to four years in state prison. We affirm.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
1. Facts.
As of 2012, Shalynn Brown2 and Daniels had been involved in a relationship for
approximately 13 years and had been married for between three and four years. The
couple had four children.
Between 3:30 and 4:00 in the afternoon on April 1, 2012, Brown arrived at the
couple’s home at 372 East Sacramento Street in Altadena. The children were playing “in
the front with [a] neighbor,” who was watching them. A man Brown had dated a few
times, Travor Davis, was sitting in his car in one of the two stalls in Brown’s driveway.
Davis had never before been to Brown’s home and she did not know how he had gotten
her address. Brown did not know where Davis lived as the two generally met at a night
club or City Walk. Davis knew Brown was married, however Brown had never told
Daniels about Davis and she did not know if Daniels knew about him. Davis had never
met any of Brown’s children.
Brown pulled in next to Davis, got out of her car, then realized that Davis had
gotten out of his car and was standing right behind her. Brown owed Davis
approximately $200, which she had used to pay for, among other things, her gas bill.
1
All further statutory references are to the Penal Code unless otherwise indicated.
2
Brown had suffered two prior criminal convictions, one in 2001 for petty theft and
one in 2008 for grand theft. In 2002, Brown was arrested, but never charged, for an
incident involving “domestic violence.”
2
When Davis asked her for the money back, she told him that she did not have it and the
two began to argue. Davis, who was yelling at Brown, then pushed her into her house
and, as they were standing in the dining room, pulled Brown toward him and hit her in
her eye with his fist. After hitting Brown, Davis “took off.”
Brown, who suffered a cut under her eye,3 called 911 and, although she and Davis
had no children together, she told the operator that her “baby’s father” had hit her.4
Brown indicated she had lied about who had hit her because Daniels had been cheating
on her and, if he had not done so, she “probably never would [have been] in this
predicament . . . .” She was seeing Davis simply because Daniels had been having
affairs.
When an ambulance and sheriff’s deputies arrived at Brown’s home, she told the
deputies her boyfriend, Travor Davis, had hit her and she gave to the deputies Davis’s
phone number, although the last time she had tried to call him she had been told the
number had been disconnected. She also brought up Daniels. Brown initially told the
police that her “ ‘boyfriend hit [her.]” She then said, “ ‘Well, Mr. Daniels.’ ” She named
Daniels after considering how he had been “cheating and had several relationships . . . .”
Later that evening, because she was afraid Davis might come back to her home,
Brown took her children and went to her grandmother’s house in Los Angeles. Brown
did not know if Daniels went to their home in Altadena that night. Brown, however, saw
Daniels the following day and told him she had been “jumped.” She did not tell him the
injury to her eye had been inflicted by Davis because she was “kind of scared.” Brown
still loved Daniels and wished to remain married to him.
3
Brown still has a small scar under her eye as a result of the incident.
4
A tape recording of the 911 call was admitted into evidence. During the call,
Brown asks the operator if someone can come to her home, then indicates her “baby
daddy just socked [her] in [her] eye.” Brown then states he “just bust [her] in [her] . . .
face and [her] face is bleeding.” When the operator asks Brown if she needs paramedics,
Brown answers, “Yeah.”
3
At some point, Brown spoke with a Detective Ventigan. When he asked her who
had hit her in the eye, Brown told him it had been Travor Davis. The detective then
asked Brown whether she was “seeking prosecution in the case” and she told the
detective, “ ‘No.’ ” The detective apparently told Brown they did not need her anyway as
they had photographs of her injury. Brown indicated that she did not wish to prosecute
Davis because she was afraid of him and, since she had discovered he knew where she
lived, she had been attempting to move.
After the April 1st incident, a case was filed against Daniels. Once Brown became
aware of the matter, she went to the district attorney’s office to tell them they were
prosecuting the wrong person. There, someone told her nothing could be done about it
“until the court date.”
Brown again spoke with Detective Ventigan, who again told her they did not need
her as they had “the pictures.” The detective also told Brown he did not believe her and
he was “going to go ahead and present [the case] to the D.A.’s office.”
Brown indicated that, at proceedings held before the preliminary hearing, she
attempted to tell the prosecutor the wrong person had been charged. The prosecutor
simply told Brown to “ ‘sit down’ ” and that she had “ ‘heard that before.’ ”
On the day of the preliminary hearing, Brown testified “Travor Davis did it.”
Brown stated Davis, not Daniels, had been the one who hit her.
At trial, Brown admitted that, when she called the police after the incident, she had
said her “children’s father or baby’s daddy” had hit her. She testified she had said that
because “in the heat of the moment at that time [she was] pissed off, for lack of a better
[term], against Mr. Daniels because [she] didn’t think this would have happened if [they
had] had a regular marriage[.]” Brown also admitted, although she and the children lived
on Sacramento Street in Altadena, Daniels was “rarely there.”
Los Angeles County Deputy Sheriff Jaime Banuelos was assigned to the Altadena
Station. At approximately 3:30 or 4:00 in the afternoon on April 1, 2012, Banuelos and
his partner responded to a call directing them to Brown’s home on Sacramento Street.
Banuelos understood the incident involved domestic violence.
4
After arriving at the address, Banuelos and his partner, Deputy Abdulfattah, spoke
with Brown. Brown “seemed to be kind of shaken up” and “looked like she . . . had been
crying[.]” She also “had a gash under her right eye.” Although Brown refused any
treatment for her injury, Banuelos and his partner, who believed the cut was
“ ‘significant,’ ” called the Fire Department’s ambulance.
Banuelos asked Brown how she had gotten the injury and she told the deputy “her
husband[, Tana Daniels,] had [done] this to her, [and] that he had struck her with . . . his
closed left fist . . . .” When the deputy asked Brown why her husband had done that, she
indicated they had been “having an argument over finances.” Banuelos asked if there
was a place where he could locate Daniels and Brown gave him an address on West 71st
Street in Los Angeles. During their conversation, Brown never mentioned Travor Davis
and never indicated “that she had a boyfriend who had caused the injury on her face[.]”
She did, however, mention Daniels several times.
Joey Ventigan is a detective with the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department
who, in 2012, worked out of the Altadena Station. Ventigan was the detective assigned
to investigate the April 1st incident which occurred “between Shalynn Brown and Tana
Daniels[.]” Ventigan was assigned to the case on April 4, 2012 and he spoke with Brown
on the telephone that day. When Ventigan asked Brown who had caused the injury to her
face, she answered, “[h]er husband, Tana Daniels.” Brown never mentioned the name
Travor Davis.
2. Procedural history.
Following a preliminary hearing, an information was filed on June 15, 2012
in which Daniels was charged with one count of “corporal injury to [a]
spouse/cohabitant/child’s parent” in violation of section 273.5, subdivision (a), a felony.
It was further alleged Daniels previously had been convicted of the serious felony
(§ 1192.7) and the violent felony (§ 667.5, subd. (c)) of assault with a firearm (§ 245,
subd. (a)(2)), requiring any sentence imposed for the felony alleged in count 1 be served
in state prison pursuant to section 1170, subdivision (a)(3). In addition, the prior assault
subjected Daniels to the terms of the Three Strikes law (§§ 667, subds. (b)-(i), 1170.12,
5
subds. (a)-(d)). At proceedings held on June 27, 2012, Daniels entered a plea of not
guilty to the charge alleged in count 1.
On September 6, 2012, the matter was called for a jury trial. On that same day,
the trial court impaneled a jury of 12 jurors and 2 alternates. Opening statements and the
giving of evidence began the following day.
After all the evidence had been presented, defense counsel made a motion for
entry of a judgment of acquittal (§ 1118.1). The trial court, however, denied the motion.
Before the parties presented their arguments, defense counsel objected to the
prosecutor showing the photograph of Brown’s injury on the overhead monitor. Counsel
argued that to show to the jury such a large image of the wound would be prejudicial and
would serve “no other purpose than to try to influence the jury just based on the
photograph.” (See Evid. Code, § 352.) The trial court denied the motion, indicating it
would allow the prosecutor to “show [the picture,] then remove it.” The court
commented, “It’s easier to see [than the photograph] and [the prosecutor] can make
arguments based on it.”
At 3:55 p.m. on September 7, 2012, after the trial court had instructed the jury and
the parties had presented their arguments, the jurors retired to begin their deliberations.
At 4:05 p.m., the jurors recessed until 9:00 a.m. the following Monday, September 10,
2012.
On the morning of September 10, 2012, the jury requested that the testimony of
Deputies Banuelos and Ventigan be read back to them. After the testimony had been
read back, the jury resumed its deliberations. Then, at 2:03 p.m., the jury “buzzed” the
trial court indicating it had reached a verdict. After defense counsel indicated, if there
was a conviction, Daniels “would waive jury for the prior,” the trial court advised Daniels
of his right to a jury trial, his right to confront and cross-examine witnesses against him,
his right to subpoena witnesses to testify in his defense at no cost to him and his right to
remain silent. Daniels indicated he understood his rights and wished to waive them with
regard to the allegation he had a prior serious and violent felony conviction. The trial
court responded, “Then, if there is a conviction, . . . there will be a court trial on that.”
6
The court clerk then read the verdict, which indicated the jury had found Daniels “guilty
of the crime of corporal injury to [a] spouse, a mother of his child, on or about April 1st,
2012, in violation of . . . section 273.5[, subdivision] (a), a felony . . . .”
After reviewing the People’s “packet,” Daniels indicated he did not wish to have a
court trial on the alleged prior conviction. Daniels waived his right to a court trial, then
admitted he previously had been convicted of assault with a firearm in violation of
section 245, subdivision (a)(2).
Over the People’s objection, Daniels asked the trial court for “a couple of weeks”
to take care of business before he surrendered for sentencing.5 After reviewing Daniels’s
criminal history, including his probation report, the court denied the request and
remanded Daniels. The trial court indicted Daniels’s history showed that he had
committed “crimes of violence,” including the one he had just been found guilty of, and
the court was “not going to take a chance on that.”
Daniels was sentenced on September 12, 2012. At those proceedings, Brown’s
mother, Tracy Davenport, addressed the court and requested that the court show leniency
toward her son-in-law. Davenport stated Daniels had been a good father, had made an
effort to support his family and, at the time of this offense, had been starting a business.
According to Davenport, Daniels was an upstanding young man who had been like a son
to her. After then hearing from both counsel, the trial court imposed the low term of two
years in state prison for Daniels’s conviction of the willful infliction of corporal injury on
a spouse, then doubled the term to four years pursuant to the Three Strikes law. The trial
court commented, although it had been considering imposing the mid-term, Davenport
had persuaded him the low term was appropriate. The court stated it had never before
had “the mother [of the victim] come into court” to speak on behalf of a defendant.
5
Daniels had been out of custody on bail during the prior proceedings.
7
The trial court awarded Daniels presentence custody credit for 39 days actually
served and 39 days of good time/work time, for a total of 78 days.6 The court ordered
Daniels to pay a $240 restitution fine (§ 1202.4, subd. (b)), a stayed $240 parole
revocation restitution fine (§ 1202.45), a $40 court security fee (§ 1465.8, subd. (a)(1))
and a $30 criminal conviction assessment (Gov. Code, § 70373).
Daniels filed a timely notice of appeal on September 12, 2012.
CONTENTIONS
After examination of the record, appointed appellate counsel filed an opening brief
which raised no issues and requested this court to conduct an independent review of the
record. By notice filed March 20, 2013, the clerk of this court advised Daniels to submit
within 30 days any contentions, grounds of appeal or arguments he wished this court to
consider. After being granted an extension of time within which to do so, on April 25,
2013 Daniels filed a letter brief in which he argued several points. Initially, he asserted
the panel of jurors who tried him was “unconstitutionally incompetent.” Daniels next
argued, when the court reporter read back testimony requested by the jury, she made
several errors which “ma[d]e the testimony difficult to understand.” Daniels then
contended his trial counsel had been ineffective. Finally, Daniels asserted he is “not the
person who[] committed this crime.”
With regard to the competency of the jurors, Daniels referred to the portion of the
trial transcript which reflected the trial court’s explanation to the prospective jurors the
nature of the crime of which Daniels had been accused. The trial court then asked
Prospective Juror No. 1, “[I]f you had to do something as ridiculous right now as to vote,
guilty or not guilty, how [would] you vote?” Prospective Juror No. 1 responded, “I––I
can’t make a call just based on that.” The trial court then asked the same question of
prospective jurors 2 and 3 and they gave the “[s]ame response.” The trial court then
asked the panel, “Is there anyone who would have a different response than, you know, ‘I
6
On February 8, 2013, the trial court granted Daniels’s motion to correct his
presentence custody credits to show 56 days actually served and 56 days of good
time/work time, for a total of 112 days.
8
can’t make a decision right now’? [¶] Anybody have a different response than that? [¶]
No hands.” The court then addressed Prospective Juror No. 4 and stated, “So, Juror
No. 4, we talked about who has got the burden of proof[,] right?” Prospective Juror
No. 4 responded, “Yes.” “The prosecutor, the People there.” The following colloquy
then occurred: “The court: Right. [¶] Prospective Juror No. 4: Right. [¶] The court:
So if you have not heard evidence––[¶] Prospective Juror No. 4: Can’t make a decision
without evidence. [¶] The court: That’s what most people would think if they were
making a decision in their everyday lives, but in a courtroom where the People have the
burden of proving something beyond a reasonable doubt, if they have not proven it, and
since you haven’t heard any evidence at this point, your vote would have to be not guilty.
[¶] Everybody see that? [¶] Prospective Juror No. 4: Right. [¶] The court: That’s
what really makes the rubber meet the road in terms of a presumption of innocence. You
hear that all the time in movies or maybe on TV or something, but when someone says
presumed innocent, that’s what that means. That means unless and until the People can
prove the charge beyond a reasonable doubt, your vote must be not guilty. [¶] So, Juror
No. 1, how would you vote? [¶] Prospective Juror No. 1: Not guilty. [¶] The court: 2?
[¶] Prospective Juror No. 2: Not guilty. [¶] The court: 3? [¶] Prospective Juror No. 3:
Not guilty. [¶] The court: Is there anyone else who would vote something other than not
guilty? [¶] I see no hands.”
Based on these proceedings, it cannot be said the jurors who tried Daniels were
“unconstitutionally incompetent.” Although they may not have initially understood the
prosecution’s burden of proof, it was clearly established that, after the trial court
discussed it with a number of individual jurors, each of the prospective jurors understood
that in order to convict Daniels of the alleged crime the prosecution was required to prove
him guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. A reading of the record indicates, following its
discussion with prospective jurors 1 through 4, when the trial court asked all of the
prospective jurors if, at that point in the proceedings, there was anyone who would vote
other than that Daniels was “not guilty,” the trial court saw “no hands.”
9
Daniels next contended that when the court reporter read back testimony requested
by the jury, she made several errors which “ma[d]e the testimony difficult to
understand[.]” The contention is without merit. “ ‘ “It is presumed that official duty has
been regularly performed. . . .” (Evid. Code, § 664.) This presumption applies to . . .
court reporters . . . .’ (People v. Wader (1993) 5 Cal.4th 610, 661.) Therefore we assume
the reporter properly read [back] the testimony [requested] by the jury.” (People v. Ayala
(2000) 23 Cal.4th 225, 289.)
Daniels’s contention his trial counsel was ineffective is also without merit. “In
assessing claims of ineffective assistance of trial counsel, we consider whether counsel’s
representation fell below an objective standard of reasonableness under prevailing
professional norms and whether the defendant suffered prejudice to a reasonable
probability, that is, a probability sufficient to undermine confidence in the outcome.
[Citations.]” (People v. Carter (2003) 30 Cal.4th 1166, 1211; see Strickland v.
Washington (1984) 466 U.S. 668, 694.) If the defendant makes an insufficient showing
as to either component, the claim must fail. (People v. Holt (1997) 15 Cal.4th 619, 703.)
Daniels first asserts his trial counsel failed to consider his objections to various
potential jurors and allowed individuals who had indicated they would not presume him
innocent to remain on the jury. However the record, as indicated above, shows all of the
potential jurors had indicated they understood Daniels was to be presumed innocent until
the prosecutor proved otherwise beyond a reasonable doubt. Under these circumstances,
it cannot be said any of the jurors accepted by defense counsel would not have presumed
Daniels was innocent until the prosecutor proved him guilty of the alleged charge.
Daniels asserts, on another occasion, his counsel became so confused he referred
to Travor Davis as “Travor Daniels.” During argument, counsel stated Brown testified
“she wouldn’t have been cheating had she been getting the type of companionship that
she needed and that in this tit-for-tat world she came into contact with this Travor Daniels
[(sic)] who she was getting things from, some money and other things that she alluded to,
and that at some point this tit-for-tat resulted in Mr. Davis assaulting her, and at that point
in time, she got revenge. It was her opportunity to point the finger at Mr. Daniels.”
10
Counsel continued, “The issue here is not whether Tana Daniels hit Shalynn Brown. It’s
not whether Shalynn Brown was injured. The issue is that Tana Daniels did not injure
Shalynn Brown because the testimony that you have heard in court under oath is that he
was not even present at 372 East Sacramento Street on April 1st of 2012. The
complaining witness admits this under oath. She admits she lied . . . .” In view of the
argument presented by counsel after he mistakenly referred to Travor Davis as Travor
Daniels, it cannot be said Daniels suffered any prejudice. Counsel’s point was that
Brown had lied under oath and he clearly made that point.
Daniels next argues, without consulting him, counsel waived his presence for any
read back of testimony. While the record indicates counsel initially stated he was
waiving Daniels’s presence, it also indicates counsel then stated he was going to discuss
the matter with Daniels. From a further reading of the record, it can be inferred defense
counsel and Daniels had such a discussion. When the jury then requested certain
testimony to be read back to them, the prosecutor, defense counsel and Daniels were
present.
Finally, Daniels contends his trial counsel was ineffective because he failed to
accurately determine the number of presentence custody credits to which Daniels was
entitled. This, however, was a simple clerical error which was easily corrected when it
was brought to the attention of the trial court. Under these circumstances, Daniels
suffered no prejudice from the error. (See People v. Holt, supra, 15 Cal.4th at p. 703.)
Daniels final contention is that he was convicted of a crime he did not commit.
We note, “[w]hen a jury’s finding of fact is attacked on the ground that there is not any
substantial evidence to sustain it, the power of an appellate court begins and ends with the
determination as to whether, on the entire record, there is any substantial evidence,
contradicted or uncontradicted, which will support the finding of fact, and when two or
more inferences can reasonably be deduced from the facts, a reviewing court is without
power to substitute its deductions for those of the jury. It is of no consequence that the
jury, believing other evidence or drawing other inferences, might have come to a contrary
conclusion.” (People v. Mendonsa (1982) 137 Cal.App.3d 888, 891, italics in original,
11
citing People v. Johnson (1980) 26 Cal.3d 557, 576-577.) Here, a review of the evidence
presented supports the jury’s finding Daniels was guilty of willfully inflicting corporal
injury on Brown. Although Brown’s testimony was at times inconsistent, the testimony
of the two law enforcement officers and the tape recording of the 911 call were not. All
three indicated Brown had stated Daniels was the individual who had attacked her. The
evidence of Daniels’s guilt was substantial.
REVIEW ON APPEAL
We have examined the entire record and are satisfied counsel has complied fully
with counsel’s responsibilities. (Smith v. Robbins (2000) 528 U.S. 259, 278-284; People
v. Wende (1979) 25 Cal.3d 436, 443.)
DISPOSITION
The judgment is affirmed.
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS
KITCHING, J.
We concur:
CROSKEY, Acting P. J.
ALDRICH, J.
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