People v. Sills CA4/2 ( 2016 )

Filed 2/26/16 P. v. Sills CA4/2
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
DIVISION TWO
THE PEOPLE,
Plaintiff and Respondent, E063671
v. (Super.Ct.No. FVI1401813)
GUY SILLS, OPINION
Defendant and Appellant.
APPEAL from the Superior Court of San Bernardino County. Miriam Ivy
Morton, judge. Affirmed.
Kevin Smith, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and
Appellant.
Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General, Gerald A. Engler, Chief Assistant Attorney
General, Julie L. Garland, Assistant Attorney General, A. Natasha Cortina and Kristen
Kinnaird Chenelia, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.
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Pursuant to a plea agreement, defendant and appellant Guy Sills pled guilty to one
count of unlawful driving or taking of a vehicle. (Veh. Code, § 10851, subd. (a).)
Subsequently, California voters enacted Proposition 47, the Safe Neighborhoods and
Schools Act, which among other things established a procedure for specified classes of
offenders to have their felony convictions reduced to misdemeanors and be resentenced
accordingly. (Pen. Code,1 § 1170.18.) Defendant filed a petition for resentencing,
pursuant to Penal Code section 1170.18. A court found him ineligible for relief and
denied the petition. Defendant now appeals, arguing that the court erred in finding him
ineligible, and that the failure to apply Proposition 47 violated equal protection. We
direct the trial court to dismiss count 2 and other allegations. Otherwise, we affirm.
PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
On May 16, 2014, defendant was charged by felony complaint with the unlawful
driving or taking of a vehicle. (Veh. Code, § 10851, subd. (a), count 1) and receiving
stolen property (Pen. Code, § 496, subd. (a), count 2). The complaint also alleged that he
had served five prior prison terms. (Pen. Code, § 667.5, subd. (b).)
On May 28, 2014, defendant entered a plea agreement and pled guilty to count 1.
In accordance with the agreement, the court sentenced him to 16 months in county prison.
On April 22, 2015, defendant filed a Proposition 47 petition for resentencing to
have his felony in count 1 designated as a misdemeanor. (§ 1170.18.) On May 15, 2015,
1 All further statutory references will be to the Penal Code, unless otherwise
noted.
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the court found that defendant’s offense did not qualify for resentencing under
Proposition 47 and denied the petition.
ANALYSIS
The Court Properly Denied Defendant’s Petition
A. Relevant Law
On November 4, 2014, voters enacted Proposition 47, and it went into effect the
next day. (Cal. Const., art. II, § 10, subd. (a).) “Proposition 47 makes certain drug- and
theft-related offenses misdemeanors, unless the offenses were committed by certain
ineligible defendants. These offenses had previously been designated as either felonies
or wobblers (crimes that can be punished as either felonies or misdemeanors).” (People
v. Rivera (2015) 233 Cal.App.4th 1085, 1091.) “Proposition 47 also created a new
resentencing provision: section 1170.18. Under section 1170.18, a person ‘currently
serving’ a felony sentence for an offense that is now a misdemeanor under Proposition
47, may petition for a recall of that sentence and request resentencing in accordance with
the statutes that were added or amended by Proposition 47.” (Id. at p. 1092.)
As relevant to the present case, Proposition 47 added section 490.2, which
provides as follows: “Notwithstanding Section 487 or any other provision of law
defining grand theft, obtaining any property by theft where the value of the money, labor,
real or personal property taken does not exceed nine hundred fifty dollars ($950) shall be
considered petty theft and shall be punished as a misdemeanor, . . . (§ 490.2, subd. (a).)
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Section 490.2 is explicitly listed in section 1170.18 as one of “those sections [that] have
been amended or added” by Proposition 47. (§ 1170.18, subd. (a).)
B. Defendant Was Ineligible for Relief
At the outset, we note that Penal Code section 1170.18 does not identify Vehicle
Code section 10851, the offense to which defendant pled guilty, as one of the Penal Code
sections amended or added by Proposition 47. (Pen. Code, § 1170.18, subd. (a).)
Nonetheless, defendant argues that he was still eligible for relief because Penal Code
section 1170.18, subdivision (a), refers to Penal Code section 490.2 (petty theft). He
reasons that, since Penal Code section 490.2 includes all thefts of items with a value
under $950, including vehicle thefts, “an individual convicted of obtaining a vehicle with
a value of less than $950 is entitled to resentencing on that charge.”
Even if we were to assume that section 490.2 applied as defendant would have it,
he would still not be entitled to relief. “[A] petitioner for resentencing under Proposition
47 must establish his or her eligibility for such resentencing.” (People v. Sherow (2015)
239 Cal.App.4th 875, 878 (Sherow).) To establish eligibility for resentencing under
section 1170.18, defendant had the initial burden of showing that the value of the vehicle
was less than $950. The record of conviction does not establish this fact, as he entered a
guilty plea. Furthermore, defendant never stated in the petition the vehicle was valued at
less than $950, nor did he provide any supporting documentation. Defendant simply
failed to meet his burden of proof.
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Defendant claims that the prosecution must bear the burden of proof that the value
of the property exceeded $950. However, his argument and the authorities he cites are
based on the prosecutor’s burden of proof in the initial prosecution for an offense. (See
Sherow, supra, 239 Cal.App.4th at p. 880.) The resentencing provisions of Proposition
47 “deal with persons who have already been proved guilty of their offenses beyond a
reasonable doubt.” (Ibid.) Contrary to defendant’s claim, the prosecution does not have
the burden to prove a defendant is not eligible for resentencing. Rather, the burden is on
the petitioner to prove that he is eligible for the resentencing he is requesting. (Id. at
p. 878.)
Defendant further argues that neither he nor the prosecution was given the
opportunity to submit proof on valuation because the trial court ruled as a matter of law
that a conviction under Vehicle Code section 10851 did not qualify for relief under
Proposition 47. However, as explained in Sherow, “‘“[a] party has the burden of proof as
to each fact the existence or nonexistence of which is essential to the claim for relief or
defense he is asserting.”’” (Sherow, supra, 239 Cal.App.4th at p. 879.) The Sherow
court held that the petitioner had the burden of establishing eligibility for resentencing
under Proposition 47. (Id. at p. 878.) Sherow concluded that the lower court properly
denied the defendant’s Proposition 47 petition because it contained no facts or
explanation how the value of the items taken were less than $950. (Id. at pp. 877, 880-
881.) Like the defendant in Sherow, defendant here failed to establish eligibility,
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specifically that the vehicle was valued under $950. Thus, the trial court properly denied
his petition.
C. Defendant Has Not Shown an Equal Protection Violation
Finally, defendant argues that, assuming the Proposition 47 voters intended to only
reduce vehicle thefts under Penal Code section 487, subdivision (d)(1), to misdemeanors
through Penal Code section 490.2, while leaving Vehicle Code section 10851 violations
as felonies, such discrimination is impermissible under the equal protection clause of the
United States Constitution and the California Constitution. The problem is that defendant
has not demonstrated that his conviction under Vehicle Code section 10851 places him in
a class of persons similarly situated to those who receive relief under Proposition 47.
(See Cooley v. Superior Court (2002) 29 Cal.4th 228, 253 [“‘The first prerequisite to a
meritorious claim under the equal protection clause is a showing that the state has
adopted a classification that affects two or more similarly situated groups in an unequal
manner.’”].)
Assuming arguendo that stealing a vehicle worth less than $950 would be a
misdemeanor petty theft under Proposition 47 (§§ 490.2, 1170.18), defendant has failed
to demonstrate that he was similarly situated, since he has not shown that the vehicle
taken here was worth less than $950. The record of conviction showed only that he “did
unlawfully drive and take a certain vehicle, to wit, 1992 Honda Accord . . . .” Defendant
did not attach to his petition for resentencing any evidence of the “value of the . . .
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personal property taken.” (§ 490.2.) Therefore, he has failed to establish an equal
protection violation and has shown no error in the denial of his petition for resentencing.
II. The Trial Court Neglected to Dismiss Count 2 and Other Allegations
Although not raised by the parties, we note an apparent clerical error. Generally, a
clerical error is one inadvertently made. (People v. Schultz (1965) 238 Cal.App.2d 804,
808.) Clerical error can be made by a clerk, by counsel, or by the court itself. (Ibid.
[judge misspoke].) A court “has the inherent power to correct clerical errors in its
records so as to make these records reflect the true facts.” (In re Candelario (1970) 3
Cal.3d 702, 705.)
In this case, the court neglected to dismiss count 2 and the five prior prison
allegations. The plea agreement stated that defendant would plead guilty to the unlawful
driving or taking of a vehicle (count 1), in exchange for a specified term. He pled guilty
to count 1, but the court did not dismiss the remaining count and allegations.
Nonetheless, the minute order states that the court ordered count 2 and the other
allegations dismissed, on motion of the People. Neither party mentioned the court’s
failure to dismiss the remaining count and allegations, below or on appeal. Thus, the
record indicates that the parties intended those allegations and count to be dismissed. It is
evident the court’s failure to order the dismissal was inadvertent. Accordingly, in the
interest of clarity, we will direct the trial court to dismiss count 2 and the allegations
under sections 667.5, subdivision (b).
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DISPOSITION
The trial court is directed to order the dismissal of count 2 and the allegations
under sections 667.5, subdivision (b). In all other respects, the judgment is affirmed.
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS
HOLLENHORST
Acting P. J.
We concur:
MILLER
J.
CODRINGTON
J.
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