People v. Yarborough CA4/2 ( 2014 )

Filed 1/15/14 P. v. Yarborough CA4/2
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS
California Rules of Court, rule 8.1115(a), prohibits courts and parties from citing or relying on opinions not certified for
publication or ordered published, except as specified by rule 8.1115(b). This opinion has not been certified for publication
or ordered published for purposes of rule 8.1115.
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
DIVISION TWO
THE PEOPLE,
Plaintiff and Respondent, E059036
v. (Super.Ct.No. INF1300887)
TINA MARIE YARBOROUGH, OPINION
Defendant and Appellant.
APPEAL from the Superior Court of Riverside County. Victoria E. Cameron,
Judge. Affirmed with directions.
Richard Fitzer, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and
Appellant.
No appearance for Plaintiff and Respondent.
Defendant and appellant Tina Marie Yarborough pleaded guilty to one count of
welfare fraud (Welf. & Inst. Code, § 10980, subd. (c)(2)) and was placed on probation.
After these proceedings, defendant filed a notice of appeal, and sought a certificate of
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probable cause to raise issues of ineffective assistance of counsel (IAC). We modify and
affirm. The affirmance of the judgment is without prejudice to defendant’s pursuit of
other remedies by way of filing appropriate writ proceedings.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
The Riverside County District Attorney filed a felony complaint alleging one
count of welfare fraud and one count of perjury against both defendant and her husband.
The complaint alleged that defendant had falsely stated that no one in the household was
working or in training, when in fact defendant was working as an In Home Social
Services (IHSS) service provider, and that defendant had thereby received and retained
over $950 in benefits to which she was not entitled.
At an early stage of the proceedings, defendant agreed to plead guilty to
count 1, welfare fraud. Count 2 was dismissed in the interest of justice. Defendant
waived a probation referral and requested immediate sentencing. Defendant was placed
on 36 months’ probation under specified terms and conditions.
Defendant pleaded guilty and was sentenced on May 10, 2013. She filed a notice
of appeal on June 20, 2013. The notice of appeal explained that defendant wished to
withdraw her plea because she felt that, “I was misrepresente[d] by my public defender.”
Defendant had told her lawyer that she “honestly believed that the In Home Social
Services and the Department of Public Social Services were two in the same offices.” In
the past, she had turned in all of her other income without fail. She also “attended the
Welfare to Work Program five days a week and did job search at the same time.”
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Defendant and her husband finally secured full-time employment, which defendant
declared that she had “turned in right away knowing I would be removed from the Public
Social Services benefits, which was my goal from the start.” Defendant explained that
she had no experience in the criminal courts, and believed she would be able to address
the judge herself to explain her misunderstanding (presumably about receiving funds
from both IHSS and the Department of Public Social Services (DPSS), i.e., welfare).
Defendant had intended “to plead not guilty and tell the courts what really happened.”
Defendant was shocked when the welfare fraud investigator came to her home and
informed her that she was under investigation. Defendant “believed that when we gained
full[-]time employment, the Department of Social Services was all in the past.” She
explained to the investigator that she “didn’t know that I had to report In Home Social
Services, because they were both Social Services Offices, but since then I have repaid
them $1,100 on time.” Defendant requested a certificate of probable cause, which the
trial court granted.
ANALYSIS
This court appointed counsel to represent defendant on appeal. Appointed
appellate counsel has now filed a brief under authority of People v. Wende (1979) 25
Cal. 3d 436 and Anders v. California (1967) 386 U.S. 738 [87 S. Ct. 1396, 18 L. Ed. 2d
493], setting forth a brief summary of the proceedings, but offering no argument as to any
substantive issues. Counsel has also requested this court to undertake a review of the
entire record.
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Defendant has been offered the opportunity to file a personal supplemental brief,
which she has not done. Pursuant to the mandate of People v. Kelly (2006) 40 Cal. 4th
106, we have reviewed the entire record and find no arguable issues.
Appellate counsel has suggested two possible claims that could be gleaned from
the record: (1) whether trial counsel was constitutionally ineffective in allowing
defendant to plead guilty, when defendant was, at least arguably, factually innocent, and
(2) whether the trial court should have made the restitution order joint and several with
the codefendant, defendant’s husband.
An examination of the entire record discloses that defendant and her husband were
each separately ordered to pay restitution to DPSS in the full sum of $7,910. To avoid
paying a windfall to the victim agency, the restitution orders should have been made for
joint and several liability of the codefendants. We order the judgment modified to reflect
that the defendant is jointly and severally liable with her codefendant to pay the
restitution of $7,910 to DPSS.
Defendant’s notice of appeal states that she wished to withdraw her plea because
she felt she had received IAC. As the notice of appeal explained, defendant appeared to
have labored under a misunderstanding that funds she received from IHSS were from the
same source as the DPSS, as both entities were named “Social Services” and were
located in the same offices. Defendant’s explanation included assertions that she had
always returned or reported all other outside payments from any employment while she
received welfare benefits, and that she fully anticipated that obtaining full-time
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employment (as she and her husband eventually did) would result in removal from the
Social Services welfare rolls. Defendant’s averments raise the possibility that she made a
mistake of fact (funds received from “IHSS” were accounted for as welfare payments
from the “DPSS,” which were not required to be separately reported) that may have
negated the scienter element of the fraud offense, which her trial counsel either did not
investigate properly or did not sufficiently discuss with defendant. On the record
before us, which suggests that a claim for IAC should be further investigated or
developed, we cannot conclude that an arguable issue should have been raised on
appeal. However, our disposition of the issue on appeal is without prejudice to the filing
of appropriate writ proceedings, such as a petition for a writ of habeas corpus to raise an
issue of ineffective assistance of trial counsel, e.g., for failure to adequately investigate
the case or to advise defendant properly as to potential defenses (such as scienter) to the
charged offenses.
DISPOSITION
The judgment is modified to state that defendant is jointly and severally liable
with her codefendant, Billy Yarborough, for the payment of restitution of $7,910 to the
victim, Department of Public Social Services. We order the trial court to correct the
abstract of judgment to reflect this modification of the judgment. As so modified,
the judgment is affirmed, but without prejudice to the filing of appropriate writ
proceedings to raise issues such as ineffectiveness of trial counsel, e.g., in advising
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defendant to plead guilty, when she may have been laboring under a mistake of fact,
which might have raised valid defenses to the charges.
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN OFFICIAL REPORTS
McKINSTER
J.
We concur:
HOLLENHORST
Acting P. J.
KING
J.
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