Cummings v. Diaz ( 2020 )

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 EDWARD MAURICE CUMMINGS, Case No.: 3:20-cv-01020 CAB-WVG CDCR #AF-0209, 12 ORDER: Plaintiff, 13 vs. 1) GRANTING MOTION TO 14 PROCEED IN FORMA PAUPERIS RALPH DIAZ, Sec. of the CDCR; 15 [ECF No. 3]; DANIEL PARAMO, Warden; C. 16 COVEL, Assoc. Warden; M. KEENER, AND Sergeant; BONAFICIO, Corrections 17 Officer, DOES 1-100, 2) DISMISSING COMPLAINT FOR 18 Defendants. FAILING TO STATE A CLAIM 19 PURSUANT TO 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2) & 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(b) 20 21 22 Edward Cummings (“Plaintiff”), currently incarcerated at Mule Creek State Prison 23 (“MCSP”) located in Ione, California, and proceeding pro se, has filed a civil rights 24 complaint pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. See Compl., ECF No. 1. 25 Plaintiff did not prepay the civil filing fee required by 28 U.S.C. § 1914(a), nor did 26 he file a Motion to Proceed In Forma Pauperis (“IFP”) when he filed his Complaint, and 27 the Court dismissed the action on June 9, 2020 for that reason. ECF No. 2. Plaintiff was 28 given forty-five days within which to either pay the civil filing fee or move to proceed IFP. 1 Id. On July 6, 2020, Plaintiff filed an IFP motion pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a) ECF No. 2 3. 3 I. Motion to Proceed IFP 4 All parties instituting any civil action, suit or proceeding in a district court of the 5 United States, except an application for writ of habeas corpus, must pay a filing fee of 6 $400.1 See 28 U.S.C. § 1914(a). The action may proceed despite a plaintiff’s failure to 7 prepay the entire fee only if he is granted leave to proceed IFP pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 8 § 1915(a). See Andrews v. Cervantes, 493 F.3d 1047, 1051 (9th Cir. 2007). However, 9 prisoners who are granted leave to proceed IFP remain obligated to pay the entire fee in 10 “increments” or “installments,” Bruce v. Samuels, __ U.S. __, 136 S. Ct. 627, 629 (2016); 11 Williams v. Paramo, 775 F.3d 1182, 1185 (9th Cir. 2015), and regardless of whether their 12 action is ultimately dismissed. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(1) & (2); Taylor v. Delatoore, 281 13 F.3d 844, 847 (9th Cir. 2002). 14 Section 1915(a)(2) also requires prisoners seeking leave to proceed IFP to submit a 15 “certified copy of the trust fund account statement (or institutional equivalent) for ... the 6- 16 month period immediately preceding the filing of the complaint.” 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(2); 17 Andrews v. King, 398 F.3d 1113, 1119 (9th Cir. 2005). From the certified trust account 18 statement, the Court assesses an initial payment of 20% of (a) the average monthly deposits 19 in the account for the past six months, or (b) the average monthly balance in the account 20 for the past six months, whichever is greater, unless the prisoner has no assets. See 28 21 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(1); 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(4). The institution having custody of the prisoner 22 then collects subsequent payments, assessed at 20% of the preceding month’s income, in 23 any month in which his account exceeds $10, and forwards those payments to the Court 24 until the entire filing fee is paid. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(2); Bruce, 136 S. Ct. at 629. 25 26 1 In addition to the $350 statutory fee, civil litigants must pay an additional administrative fee of $50. See 27 28 U.S.C. § 1914(a) (Judicial Conference Schedule of Fees, District Court Misc. Fee Schedule, § 14 (eff. June 1, 2016). The additional $50 administrative fee does not apply to persons granted leave to proceed 28 1 In support of his IFP Motion, Plaintiff has submitted a copy of his CDCR Inmate 2 Statement Report as well as a Prison Certificate completed by an MCSP accounting officer. 3 See ECF Nos. 2, 4; 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(2); S.D. Cal. CivLR 3.2; Andrews, 398 F.3d at 4 1119. These statements show that Plaintiff has carried an average monthly balance of 5 $88.16, had $57.79 in average monthly deposits to his account over the 6-month period 6 immediately preceding the filing of his Complaint and had an available balance of $113.54 7 on the books at the time of filing. (See ECF No. 3 at 4-7.) Based on this accounting, the 8 Court GRANTS Plaintiff’s Motion to Proceed IFP (ECF No. 3) and assesses his initial 9 partial filing fee to be $17.63 pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(1). 10 The Court will direct the Secretary of the CDCR, or his designee, to collect the initial 11 $17.63 fee assessed only if sufficient funds are available in Plaintiff’s account at the time 12 this Order is executed. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(4) (providing that “[i]n no event shall a 13 prisoner be prohibited from bringing a civil action or appealing a civil action or criminal 14 judgment for the reason that the prisoner has no assets and no means by which to pay the 15 initial partial filing fee.”); Bruce, 136 S. Ct. at 630; Taylor, 281 F.3d at 850 (finding that 16 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(4) acts as a “safety-valve” preventing dismissal of a prisoner’s IFP 17 case based solely on a “failure to pay . . . due to the lack of funds available to him when 18 payment is ordered.”). The remaining balance of the $350 total fee owed in this case must 19 be collected by the agency having custody of the prisoner and forwarded to the Clerk of 20 the Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(2). 21 II. Screening Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915(e)(2)(B) and 1915A(b) 22 A. Standard of Review 23 Because Plaintiff is a prisoner and is proceeding IFP, his Complaint also requires a 24 pre-answer screening pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2) and § 1915A(b). Under these 25 statutes, the Court must sua sponte dismiss a prisoner’s IFP complaint, or any portion of it, 26 which is frivolous, malicious, fails to state a claim, or seeks damages from defendants who 27 are immune. See Lopez v. Smith, 203 F.3d 1122, 1126-27 (9th Cir. 2000) (en banc) 28 (discussing 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)); Rhodes v. Robinson, 621 F.3d 1002, 1004 (9th Cir. 1 2010) (discussing 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(b)). “The purpose of [screening] is ‘to ensure that 2 the targets of frivolous or malicious suits need not bear the expense of responding.’” 3 Nordstrom v. Ryan, 762 F.3d 903, 920 n.1 (9th Cir. 2014) (citation omitted). 4 “The standard for determining whether a plaintiff has failed to state a claim upon 5 which relief can be granted under § 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii) is the same as the Federal Rule of 6 Civil Procedure 12(b)(6) standard for failure to state a claim.” Watison v. Carter, 668 F.3d 7 1108, 1112 (9th Cir. 2012); see also Wilhelm v. Rotman, 680 F.3d 1113, 1121 (9th Cir. 8 2012) (noting that screening pursuant to § 1915A “incorporates the familiar standard 9 applied in the context of failure to state a claim under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 10 12(b)(6)”). Rule 12(b)(6) requires a complaint “contain sufficient factual matter, accepted 11 as true, to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 12 662, 678 (2009) (internal quotation marks omitted); Wilhelm, 680 F.3d at 1121. 13 Detailed factual allegations are not required, but “[t]hreadbare recitals of the 14 elements of a cause of action, supported by mere conclusory statements, do not suffice.” 15 Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678. “Determining whether a complaint states a plausible claim for relief 16 [is] ... a context-specific task that requires the reviewing court to draw on its judicial 17 experience and common sense.” Id. The “mere possibility of misconduct” or “unadorned, 18 the defendant-unlawfully-harmed me accusation[s]” fall short of meeting this plausibility 19 standard. Id.; see also Moss v. U.S. Secret Service, 572 F.3d 962, 969 (9th Cir. 2009). 20 B. Plaintiff’s Factual Allegations 21 Plaintiff alleges that he was sent to the Administrative Segregation Unit (“ASU”) on 22 April 24, 2017. Compl. at 9. While he was in the ASU, “one or more officers entered 23 [P]laintiff’s cell, rolled up and/or confiscated property, including his legal materials and 24 family photos.” Id. When he was released on May 4, 2017, he was not given his personal 25 property back. Id. Plaintiff filed an administrative appeal on May 10, 2017; several days 26 later, a corrections officer, whose name Plaintiff does not know, “came to [P]laintiff’s cell 27 and informed him to stop filing 602’s and roll with the punch[e]s.” Id. at 10. The officer 28 / / / 1 also told Plaintiff that “if he cried to the courts about what happened with his property it 2 would be ‘worse’ for him.” Id. 3 Plaintiff claims the confiscation of his television violated his First Amendment rights 4 and the confiscation of his family photos violated his Fourteenth Amendment rights. Id. at 5 12. Plaintiff contends the confiscation of his legal materials “caused at least a 3-year 6 extension of an already untimely filing of writ petitions . . . .” Id. He also alleges that the 7 materials available to him in the law library are “wholly inadequate in both quantity and 8 quality, and for the most part law books are not available.” Id. He claims that “no law books 9 or legal materials are available in segregation in R.J. Donovan Prison.” Id. 10 Plaintiff also makes general allegations that he was “subjected to harassment on the 11 part of Defendants at R.J. Donovan Prison” which was “both physical and psychological,” 12 that “the harassment was an attempt to break the spirit of the [P]laintiff,” and that “all of 13 the acts, practices, or omissions described in this complaint would have strongly continued 14 to be undertaken by Defendants . . . but for [P]laintiff’s transfer from that prison to Mule 15 Creek State Prison.” Id. Plaintiff asks for declaratory and injunctive relief as well as money 16 damages. Id. at 12-13. 17 C. 42 U.S.C. § 1983 18 “Section 1983 creates a private right of action against individuals who, acting under 19 color of state law, violate federal constitutional or statutory rights.” Devereaux v. Abbey, 20 263 F.3d 1070, 1074 (9th Cir. 2001). Section 1983 “is not itself a source of substantive 21 rights, but merely provides a method for vindicating federal rights elsewhere conferred.” 22 Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386, 393-94 (1989) (internal quotation marks and citations 23 omitted). “To establish § 1983 liability, a plaintiff must show both (1) deprivation of a right 24 secured by the Constitution and laws of the United States, and (2) that the deprivation was 25 committed by a person acting under color of state law.” Tsao v. Desert Palace, Inc., 698 26 F.3d 1128, 1138 (9th Cir. 2012). 27 / / / 28 / / / 1 D. Loss of Property Claims 2 When a prisoner alleges he was deprived of a property interest caused by the 3 unauthorized acts of state officials, either negligent or intentional, he cannot state a 4 constitutional claim if the state provides an adequate post-deprivation remedy. See 5 Zinermon v. Burch, 494 U.S. 113, 129-32 (1990); Hudson v. Palmer, 468 U.S. 517, 533 6 (1984) (holding that the unauthorized negligent or intentional deprivation of property does 7 not violate due process if a meaningful post-deprivation remedy is available). The 8 California Tort Claims Act (“CTCA”) provides an adequate post-deprivation state remedy 9 for the random and unauthorized taking of property. Barnett v. Centoni, 31 F.3d 813, 816- 10 17 (9th Cir. 1994) (stating that “California law provides an adequate post-deprivation 11 remedy for any property deprivations.”) Thus, to the extent Plaintiff challenges the 12 unauthorized or negligent taking of his personal property in contravention of a statute or 13 regulation authorizing it, the CTCA provides him with an adequate state post-deprivation 14 remedy, and his substantive and procedural due process claim challenging the loss of his 15 property is not cognizable in a § 1983 action. 16 E. Access to Courts 17 In addition to his property claim, Plaintiff alleges that “the deprivation of his legal 18 materials caused at least a 4-year extension of an already untimely filing of writ petitioners 19 according to the requirements of the “AEDPA” . . . .” Compl. at 9. Prisoners have a 20 constitutional right of access to the courts. Lewis v. Casey, 518 U.S. 343, 346 (1996); 21 Bounds v. Smith, 430 U.S. 817, 821 (1977), limited in part on other grounds by Lewis, 518 22 U.S. at 354. In order to state a claim of a denial of the right to access the courts, a prisoner 23 must establish that he has suffered “actual injury,” a jurisdictional requirement derived 24 from the standing doctrine. Lewis, 518 U.S. at 349. An “actual injury” is “actual prejudice 25 with respect to contemplated or existing litigation, such as the inability to meet a filing 26 deadline or to present a claim.” Id. at 348 (citation and internal quotations omitted). The 27 right of access does not require the State to “enable the prisoner to discover grievances,” 28 or even to “litigate effectively once in court.” Id. at 354; see also Jones v. Blanas, 393 F.3d 1 918, 936 (9th Cir. 2004) (defining actual injury as the “inability to file a complaint or 2 defend against a charge”). Instead, Lewis holds: 3 [T]he injury requirement is not satisfied by just any type of frustrated legal claim . . . . Bounds does not guarantee inmates the wherewithal to 4 transform themselves into litigating engines capable of filing everything from 5 shareholder derivative actions to slip-and-fall claims. The tools it requires to be provided are those that the inmates need in order to attack their sentences, 6 directly or collaterally, and in order to challenge the conditions of their 7 confinement. Impairment of any other litigating capacity is simply one of the incidental (and perfectly constitutional) consequences of conviction and 8 incarceration. 9 10 Id. at 346; see also Spence v. Beard, No. 2:16-CV-1828 KJN P, 2017 WL 896293, at *2-3 11 (E.D. Cal. Mar. 6, 2017). Indeed, the failure to allege an actual injury is “fatal.” Alvarez v. 12 Hill, 518 F.3d 1152, 1155 n.1 (9th Cir. 2008) (stating that “[f]ailure to show that a ‘non- 13 frivolous legal claim had been frustrated’ is fatal.”) (quoting Lewis, 518 U.S. at 353 & n.4). 14 In addition to alleging an “actual injury,” Plaintiff must also plead facts sufficient to 15 describe the “non-frivolous” or “arguable” nature of underlying claim he contends was lost 16 as result of Defendants’ actions. Christopher v. Harbury, 536 U.S. 403, 413-14 (2002). 17 The nature and description of the underlying claim must be set forth in the pleading “as if 18 it were being independently pursued.” Id. at 417. 19 Plaintiff’s Complaint fails to allege the actual injury required to state an access to 20 courts claim. See Lewis, 518 U.S. at 351-53; Silva, 658 F.3d at 1104. Though he claims the 21 deprivation of his legal materials caused a delay in filing a habeas corpus petition, he also 22 states that the petition is “already untimely.” Compl. at 9. Moreover, Plaintiff has not 23 provided the Court with the “nature and description” of the claims he wishes to bring via a 24 habeas corpus action, nor the “non-frivolous” or “arguable” nature of those claims. 25 Harbury, 536 U.S. at 413-14. Thus, the Court finds that Plaintiff’s Complaint fails to 26 include sufficient “factual matter” to show how or why any of the individual Defendants 27 in this case caused him to suffer any “actual prejudice” “such as the inability to meet a 28 filing deadline or to present a claim,” with respect to any case. Lewis, 518 U.S. at 348; 1 Jones, 393 F.3d at 936; Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678. Because Plaintiff has failed to allege facts 2 sufficient to show that Defendant caused him to suffer any “actual injury” with respect to 3 any non-frivolous direct criminal appeal, habeas petition, or civil rights action he may have 4 filed, see Lewis, 518 U.S. at 354, the Court finds Plaintiff’s access to courts claims must 5 be dismissed for failing to state a plausible claim upon which § 1983 relief can be granted. 6 See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii), § 1915A(b)(1); Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678. 7 F. Retaliation 8 Plaintiff contends that several days after he filed an administrative appeal regarding 9 his lost property, an unknown correctional officer came to his cell and told him to “stop 10 filing 602’s and roll with the punches.” Compl. at 10. The unknown officer also told 11 Plaintiff that “if he cried to the courts about what happened with his property, it would be 12 ‘worse’ for him.” Id. 13 To state a valid First Amendment retaliation claim, Plaintiff must assert: (1) a state 14 actor took some adverse action against him, (2) the adverse action was taken because he 15 engaged in some protected conduct, (3) the state actor’s acts “would chill or silence a 16 person of ordinary firmness from future First Amendment activities,” and (4) the adverse 17 action “did not reasonably advance a legitimate correctional goal.” Rhodes v. Robinson, 18 408 F.3d 559, 567-68 (9th Cir. 2005) (internal quotation marks and emphasis omitted). 19 “[A] plaintiff who fails to allege a chilling effect may still state a claim if he alleges he 20 suffered some other harm,” Brodheim v. Cry, 584 F.3d 1262, 1269 (9th Cir. 2009), that is 21 “more than minimal.” Rhodes, 408 F.3d at 568 n.11. 22 Plaintiff’s factual allegations fall short of establishing a retaliation claim because he 23 has not alleged a state actor (an unknown corrections officer) “took some adverse action 24 against [him].” Rhodes, 408 F.3d at 567-68. Plaintiff only alleges the unknown corrections 25 officer threatened adverse action in the future (things would be “worse” for Plaintiff). 26 Compl. at 10. Further, Plaintiff has not alleged how the threatened adverse action “would 27 chill or silence a person of ordinary firmness from future First Amendment activities” or 28 that he suffered some other non-minimal harm as a result of the threatened future action. 1 See Brodheim, 584 F.3d at 1269; Rhodes, 408 F.3d at 568 n.11. Accordingly, the Court 2 finds Plaintiff’s retaliation claim must be dismissed for failing to state a plausible claim 3 upon which § 1983 relief can be granted. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii), § 1915A(b)(1); 4 Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678. 5 G. Individual Causation 6 Further, Plaintiff has not explained how each of the named Defendants’ actions 7 violated his constitutional rights. “A plaintiff must allege facts, not simply conclusions, 8 t[o] show that [each defendant] was personally involved in the deprivation of his civil 9 rights.” Barren v. Harrington, 152 F.3d 1193, 1194 (9th Cir. 1998); see also Estate of 10 Brooks ex rel. Brooks v. United States, 197 F.3d 1245, 1248 (9th Cir. 1999) (stating that 11 “[c]ausation is, of course, a required element of a § 1983 claim.”). 12 Plaintiff names Ralph Diaz, Secretary of the California Department of Corrections 13 and Rehabilitation (“CDCR”), Daniel Paramo, Warden of RJD, C. Covel, Associate 14 Warden at RJD, M. Keener, a sergeant at RJD, Bonaficio, a corrections officer at RJD and 15 Does 1-100. Compl. at 1-2, 7-9. He claims that “all of the acts, practices, or omissions 16 described in this complaint would have strongly continued to be undertaken by Defendants 17 in their official capacity and under color of state law . . . .” Id. at 10. There is no respondeat 18 superior liability under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Palmer v. Sanderson, 9 F.3d 1433, 1437-38 (9th 19 Cir. 1993). “Because vicarious liability is inapplicable to . . . § 1983 suits, [Plaintiff] must 20 plead that each government-official defendant, through the official’s own individual 21 actions, has violated the Constitution.” Iqbal, 556 at 676; see also Jones v. Community 22 Redevelopment Agency of City of Los Angeles, 733 F.2d 646, 649 (9th Cir. 1984) (even pro 23 se plaintiff must “allege with at least me degree of particularity overt acts which defendants 24 engaged in” in order to state a claim). 25 Moreover, supervisory officials may only be held liable under § 1983 if Plaintiff 26 alleges their “personal involvement in the constitutional deprivation, or . . . a sufficient 27 causal connection between the supervisor’s wrongful conduct and the constitutional 28 violation.” Keates v. Koile, 883 F.3d 1228, 1242-43 (9th Cir. 2018); Starr v. Baca, 652 1 F.3d 1202, 1207 (9th Cir. 2011). Plaintiff’s Complaint offers no factual detail from which 2 the Court might reasonably infer a plausible constitutional claim as to Secretary Diaz, 3 Warden Paramo, Associate Warden Covel or Sergeant Keener because he does not allege 4 that any of these Defendants personally committed any of the acts he alleges. Nor does he 5 allege that Defendants Bonaficio and Does 1-100 “through [their] own individual actions, 6 . . . violated the Constitution.” Iqbal, 556 at 676; Jones, 733 F.2d at 649. 7 Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8 “demands more than an unadorned, the-defendant- 8 unlawfully-harmed-me accusation,” and in order “[t]o survive a motion to dismiss, a 9 complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to ‘state a claim for relief 10 that is plausible on its face.’” Iqbal, 662 U.S. at 678 (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555, 11 570). Plaintiff’s Complaint does not contain sufficient factual allegations that Defendants 12 personally and through their own actions violated Plaintiff’s constitutional rights. 13 H. Doe Pleading & Individual Liability 14 The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure do not authorize or prohibit the use of fictitious 15 parties, but Rule 10 does require a plaintiff to include the names of all parties in his 16 complaint. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 10(a). Courts especially disfavor Doe pleading in an IFP 17 case because in the event the plaintiff’s complaint alleges a plausible claim for relief, it is 18 effectively impossible for the United States Marshal or deputy marshal to fulfill his or her 19 duty to serve an unnamed defendant. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(c)(3); 28 U.S.C. § 1915(d); 20 Walker v. Sumner, 14 F.3d 1415, 1422 (9th Cir. 1994) (in order to properly effect service 21 under Rule 4 in an IFP case, the plaintiff is required to “furnish the information necessary 22 to identify the defendant.”); Finefeuiaki v. Maui Cmty. Corr. Ctr. Staff & Affiliates, 2018 23 WL 3580764, at *6 (D. Haw. July 25, 2018) (noting that “[a]s a practical matter, the United 24 States Marshal cannot serve a summons and complaint on an anonymous defendant.”). 25 “A plaintiff may refer to unknown defendants as Defendant John Doe 1, John Doe 26 2, John Doe 3, and so on, but he must allege specific facts showing how each particular 27 doe defendant violated his rights.” Cuda v. Employees/Contractors/Agents at or OCCC, 28 2019 WL 2062945, at *3-4 (D. Haw. May 9, 2019). A plaintiff may also seek discovery to 1 obtain the names of the Does and later amend his pleading in order to substitute the true 2 names of those defendants, unless it is clear that discovery will not uncover their identities, 3 or that his complaint is subject to dismissal on other grounds. See Wakefield v. Thompson, 4 177 F.3d 1160, 1163 (9th Cir. 1999) (emphasis added) (citing Gillespie v. Civiletti, 629 5 F.2d 637, 642 (9th Cir. 1980)). 6 Here, Plaintiff has named “Does 1-100” on page 8 of his complaint, but he makes 7 no specific allegations against any individual Doe in relation to the constitutional violations 8 which form the basis of his suit. Simply put, Plaintiff fails to link any particular 9 constitutional violation to any specific, individual state actor, and he fails to even 10 minimally explain how each individual Doe party he seeks to sue personally caused a 11 violation of his constitutional rights. See Compl. at 8; Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 677. As noted 12 above, “[a] plaintiff must allege facts, not simply conclusions, t[o] show that [each 13 defendant] was personally involved in the deprivation of his civil rights.” Barren, 152 F.3d 14 at 1194 (9th Cir. 1998); see also Estate of Brooks ex rel. Brooks, 197 F.3d at 1248. As it 15 stands, Plaintiff’s Complaint fails to “plead[] factual content that [would] allow[] the court 16 to draw the reasonable inference that [any] defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged.” 17 Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678. 18 III. Conclusion and Order 19 For the reasons explained, the Court: 20 1. GRANTS Plaintiff’s Motion to Proceed IFP pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a) 21 (ECF No. 2). 22 2. DIRECTS the Secretary of the CDCR, or his designee, to collect from 23 Plaintiff’s trust account the $17.63 initial filing fee assessed, if those funds are available 24 at the time this Order is executed, and to forward whatever balance remains of the full $350 25 owed in monthly payments in an amount equal to twenty percent (20%) of the preceding 26 month’s income to the Clerk of the Court each time the amount in Plaintiff’s account 27 exceeds $10 pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(2). ALL PAYMENTS MUST BE CLEARLY 28 IDENTIFIED BY THE NAME AND NUMBER ASSIGNED TO THIS ACTION. 1 3. DIRECTS the Clerk of the Court to serve a copy of this Order on Ralph Diaz, 2 Secretary, CDCR, P.O. Box 942883, Sacramento, California, 94283-0001. 3 4. DISMISSES Plaintiff's Complaint for failing to state a claim upon which 4 ||relief may be granted pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B) and § 1915A(b), and 5 ||GRANTS him sixty (60) days leave from the date of this Order in which to file an 6 || Amended Complaint which cures all the deficiencies of pleading noted. Plaintiffs 7 || Amended Complaint must be complete by itself without reference to his original pleading. 8 ||Defendants not named and any claim not re-alleged in his Amended Complaint will be 9 || considered waived. See S.D. Cal. CivLR 15.1; Hal Roach Studios, Inc. v. Richard Feiner 10 || & Co., Inc., 896 F.2d 1542, 1546 (9th Cir. 1989) (“[A]n amended pleading supersedes the 11 original.’”’); Lacey v. Maricopa Cnty., 693 F.3d 896, 928 (9th Cir. 2012) (noting that claims 12 || dismissed with leave to amend which are not re-alleged in an amended pleading may be 13 || “considered waived if not repled.’’). 14 If Plaintiff fails to file an Amended Complaint within the time provided, the Court 15 |} will enter a final Order dismissing this civil action based both on Plaintiff's failure to state 16 claim upon which relief can be granted pursuant to 28 U.S.C. $§ 1915(e)(2)(B) and 17 1915A(b), and his failure to prosecute in compliance with a court order requiring 18 ||amendment. See Lira v. Herrera, 427 F.3d 1164, 1169 (9th Cir. 2005) (“If a plaintiff does 19 |/not take advantage of the opportunity to fix his complaint, a district court may convert the 20 || dismissal of the complaint into dismissal of the entire action.”). 21 IT IS SO ORDERED. 22 ||Dated: August 13, 2020 € □ 23 Hon. Cathy Ann Bencivengo 24 United States District Judge 25 26 27 28