People v. Way , 165 Colo. 161 ( 1968 )

437 P.2d 535 (1968)

The PEOPLE of the State of Colorado, Plaintiff in Error,
v.
Theodore WAY, Defendant in Error.

No. 23039.

Supreme Court of Colorado, En Banc.

February 26, 1968.

Duke W. Dunbar, Atty. Gen., James D. McKevitt, Dist. Atty., Marshall A. Fogel, James W. Creamer, Jr., Deputy Dist. Attys., Denver, for plaintiff in error.

No appearance for defendant in error.

MOORE, Chief Justice.

Theodore Way was charged with robbery and conspiring to commit robbery. Trial was to a jury which found him not guilty of robbery but found him guilty of conspiracy to commit robbery. Motion for Judgment of Acquittal and/or for New Trial was filed by counsel for Way, and after a hearing thereon the trial court sustained the motion and ordered that the defendant be discharged from custody. The trial court found that the only evidence offered tending to establish the crime of conspiracy was the evidence tending to prove that Way was an active participant in the robbery which was the subject matter of the count upon which he was found not guilty.

On writ of error it is urged by the people that the trial court erred in granting the motion. It is argued that we should reverse the judgment acquittal and remand the case back to the district court with directions to enter judgment on the verdict and to impose an appropriate sentence. No appearance has been made by or on behalf of Way.

The decision of the trial court was made in reliance on our holding in Robles v. People, 160 Colo. ___, 417 P.2d 232, in which this court said, inter alia:

"In the case before us, it is true that the People established the commission of the Welcome Inn robbery by two gunmen. The extra-judicial statements of the defendant, if voluntary, therefore constituted sufficient evidence to sustain a verdict of guilty of robbery if such a verdict had been found. However, the jury, based on the evidence before it, found that the defendant was not guilty of the robbery. The very same evidence which the jury apparently did not believe was sufficient to prove the defendant participated in the robbery was the only evidence which could prove him guilty of conspiracy. Under such circumstances, the conspiracy verdict cannot stand."

The above quoted language is in all respects applicable to the instant case and the court did not err in granting the motion. If counsel for the people insist upon submitting to the jury a count of conspiracy as well as a count of robbery where the evidence which would convict upon either charge is exactly the same, the jury should be instructed that it cannot convict on one count and acquit on the other.

The judgment is affirmed.

McWILLIAMS and KELLEY, JJ., specially concurring.

McWILLIAMS, Justice (specially concurring).

I specially concur and shall briefly explain by position in this matter.

The rule announced by the majority of this Court in Robles v. People, 160 Colo. 297, 417 P.2d 232 in my view dictates and requires that the judgment in the instant case be affirmed. It is only for this reason that I now concur in the determination that the defendant was properly acquitted of the charge of conspiracy by action of the trial court, even though a jury of his peers had theretofore determined otherwise.

It is still my very strong personal conviction that the two verdicts of the jury in the instant case are not necessarily inconsistent and that even if the verdicts be deemed inconsistent, under several prior decisions of this Court such a determination does not mean that the guilty verdict as to the conspiracy charge must be set aside and not permitted to stand. For a detailed statement as to my views on this particular subject, see my dissent in Robles v. People, supra.

KELLEY, J., has authorized me to state that he joins in this specially concurring opinion.