Wilson v. Government of the District of Columbia ( 2011 )

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
SALOME WILSON,
Plaintiff,
v. Civil Action No. 09-2258 (JEB)
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA,
Defendant.
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER
Plaintiff Salome Wilson claims that she is entitled to reasonable attorney’s fees as a
prevailing party in an administrative hearing under the Individuals With Disabilities Education
Act. 20 U.S.C §§1400-1491 (2006). Plaintiff, as parent and next friend of Y.W., filed an IDEA
claim in 2006 against the District of Columbia Public Schools system seeking appropriate school
placement for Y.W., and she prevailed on her claim in a subsequent hearing. Plaintiff alleges
that her attorney then filed an invoice for attorney’s fees with DCPS in December 2006, but
received no response. As a result, she filed this action seeking to recover those fees. Plaintiff
has now filed a Motion for Summary Judgment on the grounds that there are no material facts in
dispute and that she is entitled to a judgment on the merits. The Court has reviewed this Motion,
Defendant’s Opposition, and Plaintiff’s Reply.
I. Background
On August 28, 2006, Plaintiff, as parent and next friend of Y.W., filed a due process
complaint against DCPS alleging that: (1) DCPS had denied Y.W. a free and appropriate public
education under IDEA; and (2) a different school requested by Plaintiff could provide the
necessary educational benefits. Compl. at ¶ 8. On November 16, 2006, DCPS held a hearing to
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adjudicate Plaintiff’s due process claim before a Hearing Officer. Id. Twelve days later, the
Hearing Officer ruled in Plaintiff’s favor on both counts. Compl. at ¶ 9-10. The Hearing Officer
ordered DCPS to place Y.W. in the school requested by Plaintiff. Compl. at ¶ 11. None of this
is disputed.
Plaintiff was represented by attorney Anthony R. Davenport at the due process hearing.
Compl. at ¶ 13. She alleges that Davenport submitted an invoice for $6,141.66 in attorney’s fees
to DCPS, but did not receive any response from DCPS. Compl. at ¶ 16-17; see also Plaintiff’s
Opposition to Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss, Att. B. Defendant, however, contends that it has
no record that Davenport ever submitted an invoice for this matter. Opp. at 6. Defendant,
therefore, disputes both that Plaintiff has sought reasonable attorney’s fees through the
administrative process established by DCPS and that the fees themselves are reasonable. Id. at 6,
10. As Defendant does not contest that Plaintiff, as a prevailing party, is entitled to reasonable
attorney’s fees, the only issues for this Court are the process for the payment request and the total
amount owing.
II. Legal Standard
Summary judgment may be granted if “the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute
as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.” FED. R. CIV.
P. 56(a); see also Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 247-48 (1986); Holcomb v.
Powell, 433 F.3d 889, 895 (D.C. Cir. 2006). “A party asserting that a fact cannot be or is
genuinely disputed must support the assertion by citing to particular parts of materials in the
record.” FED. R. CIV. P. 56(c)(1)(A). “A fact is ‘material’ if a dispute over it might affect the
outcome of a suit under the governing law; factual disputes that are ‘irrelevant or unnecessary’
do not affect the summary judgment determination.” Holcomb, 433 F.3d at 895 (quoting Liberty
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Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. at 248). An issue is “genuine” if the evidence is such that a reasonable
jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party. See Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 380
(2007); Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. at 248; Holcomb, 433 F.3d at 895. The party seeking
summary judgment “bears the heavy burden of establishing that the merits of his case are so
clear that expedited action is justified.” Taxpayers Watchdog, Inc., v. Stanley, 819 F.2d 294,
297 (D.C. Cir. 1987). “Until a movant has met its burden, the opponent of a summary judgment
motion is under no obligation to present any evidence.” Gray v. Greyhound Lines, East, 545
F.2d 169, 174 (D.C. Cir. 1976). When a motion for summary judgment is under consideration,
“the evidence of the non-movant[s] is to be believed, and all justifiable inferences are to be
drawn in [their] favor.” Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. at 255; see also Mastro v. Potomac
Electric Power Co., 447 F.3d 843, 849-50 (D.C. Cir. 2006); Aka v. Washington Hospital Center,
156 F.3d 1284, 1288 (D.C. Cir. 1998) (en banc); Washington Post Co. v. U.S. Dep’t of Health
and Human Services, 865 F.2d 320, 325 (D.C. Cir. 1989). On a motion for summary judgment,
the Court must “eschew making credibility determinations or weighing the evidence.” Czekalski
v. Peters, 475 F.3d 360, 363 (D.C. Cir. 2007).
The nonmoving party’s opposition, however, must consist of more than mere
unsupported allegations or denials and must be supported by affidavits, declarations, or other
competent evidence, setting forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.
FED. R. CIV. P. 56(e); Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 324 (1986). They are required to
provide evidence that would permit a reasonable jury to find in their favor. Laningham v. United
States Navy, 813 F.2d 1236, 1242 (D.C. Cir. 1987). If the nonmovants’ evidence is “merely
colorable” or “not significantly probative,” summary judgment may be granted. Liberty Lobby,
Inc., 477 U.S. at 249-50; see Scott, 550 U.S. at 380 (“[W]here the record taken as a whole could
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not lead a rational trier of fact to find for the non-moving party, there is ‘no genuine issue for
trial.’”) (quoting Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587
(1986)).
III. Analysis
Plaintiff’s claim arises from Defendant’s admitted failure to pay attorney’s fees following
an administrative hearing. As a prevailing party in an administrative hearing, Plaintiff may be
entitled to an award of reasonable attorney fees. 20 U.S.C. § 1415(i)(3)(B); see Moore v.
District of Columbia, 907 F.2d 165, 166 (D.C. Cir. 1990) (en banc) (IDEA authorizes parent
who prevails in administrative hearing to recover attorney’s fees). In order to recover attorney’s
fees, Plaintiff must demonstrate both that she is a “prevailing party” and that the attorney’s fees
requested are “reasonable.” 20 U.S.C. § 1415(i)(3)(B). Defendant concedes that Plaintiff is a
prevailing party under IDEA. Opp. at 8. Defendant, however, argues that: (1) Plaintiff has
failed to exhaust her administrative remedies; and (2) Plaintiff’s attorney’s fees are not
reasonable.
A. Exhaustion
Plaintiff claims that by filing an invoice for attorney’s fees she has exhausted her
administrative remedies. Reply at 1. Defendant counters that it has no record of Plaintiff’s
counsel’s invoice, and that Plaintiff has not exhausted her administrative remedies. Opp. at 6-7.
IDEA is silent on whether a Plaintiff must exhaust her administrative remedies prior to seeking
fees in district court, but courts have found that judicial efficiency is best served by permitting
the District to process the attorney claims first. See, e.g. Goldring v. District of Columbia, Civ.
No. 02-1761, *3-4 (D.D.C. Sept. 26, 2003); Smith v. District of Columbia, Civ. No. 02-373, *8-9
(D.D.C. Sept. 20, 2002).
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The Court agrees in theory that judicial economy favors exhaustion, but the parties have
failed to address this issue with sufficient specificity for the Court to rule. In other words,
Defendant never explains what administrative steps Plaintiff is required to take or why her
inquiries regarding payment are not sufficient. Without more, the Court cannot accept
Defendant’s exhaustion rationale or determine that a stay is appropriate in this case.
B. Reasonableness of Attorney’s Fees
Even absent exhaustion, Plaintiff still has another significant hurdle to overcome. As a
matter of law and in order to succeed on summary judgment, Plaintiff must demonstrate with
record support that the attorney’s fees requested in this case are reasonable. FED. R. CIV. P.
56(c)(1)(A); Taxpayers, 819 F.2d at 297. Here, Plaintiff claims that she sought reasonable
attorney’s fees, but there is no actual evidence that the requested fees are, in fact, reasonable.
Plaintiff fails to submit any record support for two material facts: (1) that the hourly rate charged
is reasonable; and (2) that the number of hours worked is reasonable.
1. Hourly Rate
The rate charged in this case is obviously a material fact because it determines whether
the attorney’s fee request is reasonable and thus affects the outcome under the governing law.
See Holcomb, 433 F.3d at 895. If there is a genuine issue over the rate charged, Plaintiff’s
Motion for Summary Judgment must fail. Id.Here, Plaintiff claims that the $250.00 per-hour rate charged by counsel for this matter is
a reasonable rate. In support of her claim, Plaintiff states in her Motion that Davenport has
“approximately 20 years of legal experience.” Motion at 4. Plaintiff adds that Defendant has
reimbursed Davenport for similar cases at the same rate in the past. Id. at 5. Plaintiff, however,
does not point to any record evidence -- e.g., an affidavit from Davenport -- to support either of
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these assertions. Mere argument is not enough to succeed on summary judgment. FED. R. CIV.
P. 56(c)(1)(A) (“A party asserting that a fact cannot be or is genuinely disputed must support the
assertion by citing to particular parts of materials in the record . . .”).
Plaintiff claims only that under the U.S. Attorney’s Laffey Matrix, 1 $405.00 per-hour is a
reasonable rate for legal services provided by counsel with 20 years of experience. Plaintiff
argues that because Davenport’s rate is well below the $405.00 per-hour allowed by the Laffey
Matrix, it must be reasonable. Motion at 4. But Plaintiff fails to recognize that the Laffey
Matrix is not generally applicable to IDEA cases because they are not usually complex. See
Agapito v. District of Columbia, 525 F. Supp. 2d 150, 152 (D.D.C. 2007) (rejecting application
of Laffey Matrix rates in IDEIA (the precursor statute to IDEA) cases). Plaintiff has not
demonstrated why Laffey Matrix rates should be applicable in this case. Because Plaintiff’s
claim that the rate for attorney’s fees is reasonable is not supported by record evidence, the Court
finds that there is a material fact in dispute as to the reasonableness of the rate charged. The
Court must therefore deny Plaintiff’s Motion for Summary Judgment.
2. Hours Worked
Even if there were not a genuine issue as to the rate charged in this case, Plaintiff’s
Motion must fail because there is also a dispute over the hours worked. The number of hours
claimed in this case is also a material fact because it determines, when multiplied by the hourly
rate, whether the attorney’s fee request is reasonable and therefore affects the outcome under the
governing law. See Holcomb, 433 F.3d at 895.
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See Laffey v. Northwest Airlines, Inc., 572 F. Supp. 354 (D.D.C. 1983), aff’d in part,
rev’d in part on other grounds, 74 F.2d 4 (D.C.Cir. 1984), modified by Save Our Cumberland
Mountains, Inc. v. Hodel, 857 F.2d 1516, 1524 (D.C. Cir. 1988).
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Plaintiff argues that the number of hours worked is reasonable, but again fails to point to
any record evidence to support her assertion. Plaintiff claims that the itemized invoice allegedly
submitted by Davenport reflects “ordinary and necessary legal services” for Plaintiff’s due
process claim. See Motion at 4. Defendant, however, disputes many of these charges. See
Opp., Ex. 1. In her Reply, Plaintiff again claims that “all charges included in the invoice
submitted by Plaintiff were necessary to the underlying due process complaint.” Reply at 2.
Plaintiff attaches an affidavit from Davenport attesting to the fact that Davenport did not have
support staff for ministerial tasks while working on Plaintiff’s due process claim. Such evidence,
however, is insufficient to support Plaintiff’s broader claim that “all charges” were “necessary.”
Indeed, even Davenport’s affidavit fails to so state.
Construing the evidence in the light most favorable to Defendant, therefore, the Court
finds that there is a material fact in dispute as to the reasonableness of the hours worked as well
as the hourly rate.
IV. Conclusion
Because there are genuine issues as to two material facts, the Court ORDERS that:
1. Plaintiff’s Motion for Summary Judgment is DENIED;
2. A status hearing in this action shall be set for April 27, 2011, at 10:30 a.m. in
Courtroom 19.
/s/ James E. Boasberg
JAMES E. BOASBERG
United States District Judge
Date: April 14, 2011
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