State v. Mathis ( 2018 )

IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE
STATE OF DELAWARE, )
)
)
v. ) ID No. 1307020179
)
) Cr.A. Nos. IN13-08-0713, 0714,
SHANNON MATHIS, ) 0716, 0717,
) 2012.
Defendant. )
Submitted: January 30, 2018
Decided: April 20, 2018
ORDER DENYING POSTCONVICTION RELIEF AND GRANTING
COUNSEL’S MOTION TO WITHDRAW
This 20th day of April, 2018, upon consideration of Defendant Shannon
Mathis’s (“Mathis”) Motion for Postconviction Relief (D.I. 56), the State’s response
thereto (D.I. 72), his postconviction attorney’s Motion to Withdraw (D.I. 68),
Mathis’s response thereto (D.I. 70), and the record in this case, it appears to the Court
that:
(l) On July 25, 2013, during the course of their patrol in an unmarked
police vehicle, Sgt. Thomas Looney and Probation Officers Collins and SWeeney
observed Mathis on the sidewalk With an open container of beer.l Sgt. Looney made
a U-turn, and the officers observed Mathis begin to run.2 The vehicle pulled up
l Mathis v. State, 2015 WL 6445383, at *l (Del. 2015).
2 Id.alongside Mathis, and the officers identified themselves as police and asked Mathis
to stop and get on the ground.3 Mathis stopped running, threw the can of beer away
from himself, and began to run up a driveway before stopping again.4 The officers
followed and pulled into the driveway, exiting the vehicle to see Mathis reach for a
handgun in his waistband.5 Mathis attempted to run back down the driveway to the
street, but Officer Collins tackled him, knocking the handgun to the ground.6
(2) Mathis was indicted for the following counts: one count of Possession
of a Firearm by a Person Prohibited; one count of Possession of a Weapon with a
Removed, Obliterated, or Altered Serial Number; one count of Possession of
Ammunition by a Person Prohibited; one count of Carrying a Concealed Deadly
Weapon; and one count of Resisting Arrest.7
3 Mathis, 2015 WL 6445383, at *1.
4 Id.5 ld.
6 Id.7 Indictment, State v. Shannon Mathz's, ID No. 1307020179 (Del. Super. Ct. Sept. 3, 2013)
(D.I. 2). See DEL. CODE ANN. tit. 11, § 1448 (possession of a firearm by a person prohibited,
possession of ammunition by a person prohibited); id. at § 1459 (possession of a weapon with a
removed, obliterated, or altered serial number); id. at § 1442 (carrying a concealed deadly
weapon); id. at § 1257 (resisting arrest).
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(3) Mathis filed a pre-trial Motion to Suppress seeking exclusion of the
seized firearm.8 A suppression hearing was held the week before trial, and the
motion was denied via bench ruling.9
(4) After a two-day trial, the jury convicted Mathis of all charges,10 and
Mathis was sentenced several months later.ll His convictions and sentence were
affirmed on direct appeal.12
(5) Before the Court now is Mathis’s first and timely pro se Motion for
Postconviction Relief.13 In his motion and in response to appointed counsel’s motion
to withdraw, Mathis alleges one ground for relief: ineffective assistance of trial
counsel for failing to object at the suppression hearing to the State’s admission of a
statement Mathis made to hospital personnel after his arrest.14
8 Mot. to Suppress, State v. Shannon Mathis, ID No. 1307020179 (Del. Super. Ct. June 27,
2014) (D.I. 21).
9 See Tr. of Suppression Hr’g., Stale v. Shannon Mathis, ID No. 1307020179 (Del. Super.
Ct. Sept. 5, 2014) (D.I. 47).
10 See Tr. of Trial, State v. Shannon Mathis, ID No. 1307020179 (Del. Super. Ct. Sept. 12,
2014) (D.I. 49).
11 Sentence Order, State v. Shannon Mathis, ID No. 1307020179 (Del. Super. Ct. Jan. 9,
2015) (D.I. 42); Amended Sentence Order, State v. Shcmnon Mathis, ID No. 1307020179 (Del.
Super. Ct. Feb. 19, 2015) (D.I. 45).
12 Mathis, 2015 WL 6445383, at *3.
13 See Def.’s Mot. for Postconviction Relief, State v. Shannon Mathis, ID No. 1307020179
(Del. Super. Ct. Sept. 27, 2016) (D.I. 56) (hereinafter “Def.’s Mot.”); SUPER. CT. CRIM. R. 61.
14 Def.’s Mot. atil 11.
(6) In accord with this Court’s Criminal Rule 61(e)(1), Mathis was
appointed postconviction counsel (“PCR Counsel”).15 PCR Counsel has now filed
a brief and ,Motion to Withdraw pursuant to Rule 6l(e)(7).16 PCR Counsel asserts
that, based upon a careful and complete examination of the record, there are no
meritorious grounds for relief.17 Under this Court’s Criminal Rule 61(e)(7):
If counsel considers the movant’s claim to be so lacking in
merit that counsel cannot ethically advocate it, and counsel
is not aware of any other substantial ground for relief
available to the movant, counsel may move to withdraw.
The motion shall explain the factual and legal basis for
counsel’s opinion and shall give notice that the movant
may file a response to the motion within 30 days of service
of the motion upon the movant.18
(7) Mathis’s PCR Counsel has represented that, after careful review of
Mathis’s case, she has determined that Mathis’s claim is so lacking in merit that she
cannot ethically advocate it; and further, that PCR Counsel is not aware of any other
substantial ground for relief.19 PCR Counsel provided Mathis with a copy of the
15 Order Appt. Counsel, State v. Shannon Mathis, ID No. 1307020179 (Del. Super. Ct. Oct.
5,2016)(D.1. 59).
16 See Mot. to Withdraw as Counsel, State v. Shannon Mathis, ID No. 1307020179 (Del.
Super. Ct. June 15, 2017) (D.I. 68) (hereinafter “Mot. to Withdraw”).
17 Ia’. at 1.
18 SUPER. CT. CRIM. R. 6l(e)(7).
19 Mot. to Withdraw at 13, 16.
Motion and advised Mathis of his ability under Rule 61(e)(7) to file a response
within 30 days. Mathis filed a timely response.20
(8) “In order to evaluate [Mathis’s Motion for Postconviction Relief], and
to determine whether [PCR Counsel’s Motion to Withdraw] should be granted, the
court should be satisfied that [PCR Counsel] made a conscientious examination of
the record and the law for claims that could arguably support [Mathis’s] Rule 61
motion. In addition, the court should conduct its own review of the record in order
to determine whether [Mathis’s] Rule 61 motion is devoid of any, at least, arguable
postconviction claims.”21
(9) Rule 61 sets forth procedural bars to postconviction claims, including
that “[a]ny ground for relief that was not asserted in the proceedings leading to the
judgment of conviction, as required by the rules of this court, is thereafter barred,
unless the movant shows . . . [c]ause for relief from the procedural default and . . .
[p]rejudice from violation of the imovant’s rights.”22 Rule 61(i)(3)’s bar is
inapplicable to “claims [of] ineffective assistance of counsel, which could not have
20 Def.’s Resp. to Counsel’s Mot. to Withdraw, State v. Shannon Mathis, ID No. 1307020179
(Del. Super. Ct. July 14, 2017) (D.I. 70).
21 State v. Coston, 2017 WL 6054944, at *2 (Del. Super. Ct. Dec. 7, 2017) (intemal citations
and quotations omitted).
22 SUPER. CT. CRIM. R. 61(i)(3).
been raised in any direct appeal.”23 Accordingly, Mathis’s claim of ineffective
assistance of counsel is not procedurally barred here. And the Court may consider
the claim on its merits.
(10) An inmate who claims ineffective assistance of counsel must
demonstrate that: (a) his defense counsel’s representation fell below an objective
standard of reasonableness, and (b) there is a reasonable probability that but for
t.24
counsel’s errors, the result of the proceeding would have been differen Failure to
make one or the other showing “will render the claim unsuccessful.”25 A reasonable
probability exists when there “is a probability sufficient to undermine confidence in
the outcome.”26 There is always a strong presumption that counsel’s representation
was reasonable.27
(11) Mathis’s claim asserts ineffective assistance of counsel for failing to
object, during the suppression hearing, to the admission of a statement made to
medical personnel.28 In his Motion to Suppress, Mathis argued that he was not
23 State v. Coverdale, 2018 WL 259775, at *2 (Del. Super. Ct. Jan. 2, 2018) (intemal
quotations and citations omitted).
24 Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 694 (1984); see also Alston v. State, 2015 WL
5297709, at *3 (Del. Sept. 4, 2015).
25 Smre v. Hamby, 2005 WL 914462, ar *2 (Del. super. Ct. Mar. 14, 2005).
26 S¢rickland, 455 U.S. 31694.
27 See Wrighz v. Szare, 671 A.2d1353, 1356 (Del. 1996).
28 Def.’s Mot. at 1111 11-14.
knowingly fleeing from the police the night of his arrest, but running from an
unmarked vehicle, at night, in a high crime area.29 His alternative argument was that
even if he had been aware that he was fleeing from a police vehicle, the officers had
no reasonable articulable suspicion to conduct a stop.30 At the hearing, the State
introduced certified medical records containing a statement by Mathis, made to a
nurse after his arrest, that he had fled from the police.31 Mathis testified at the
suppression hearing that the statement to the nurse referred to his cousin rather than
himself.32 Mathis now argues that had the statement from the medical records been
suppressed, the outcome of the suppression hearing would have been different33
(12) But Mathis’s claim fails, because he cannot show prejudice under
Stricklana”s second prong. The medical records were merely one part of the State’s
case. Mathis fails to show that exclusion of the statement would have impacted the
outcome of the suppression hearing in light of the overwhelming evidence favoring
a finding that the police had reasonable articulable suspicion to detain him.
29 Mot. to Withdraw App. at A020-22.
30 ld. at A022_25.
31 Tr. of Suppression Hr’g. at 108:4-109:5.
32 Id.at 110316-21.
33 Def.’s Mot. at 11 14.
(13) The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution and Article I
§ 6 of the Delaware Constitution guarantee an individual’s right to be free from
unreasonable searches and seizures34 The United States Supreme Court permits
limited intrusions under the Fourth Amendment where an officer “has reasonable
articulable suspicion to believe the individual to be detained is committing, has
committed, or is about to commit a crime.”35 “In determining whether reasonable
suspicion exists, [a Court] must examine the totality of the circumstances
surrounding the situation ‘as viewed through the eyes of a reasonable, trained police
officer in the same or similar circumstances, combining objective facts with such an
officer’s subjective interpretation of those facts.”’36 And “the possibility that there
may be a hypothetically innocent explanation for each of several facts revealed
during a citizen-police encounter . . . does not preclude a determination that
reasonable and articulable suspicion existed justifying a temporary and limited
seizure of the citizen.”37
34 See U.S. CoNsT. amend. IV.; DEL. CoNsT. art I, § 6.
35 Wooa'y v. State, 765 A.2d 1257, 1262 (Del. 2001) (citing Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. l, 30
(1968)).
36 Ia'. at 1263 (quoting Jones v. State, 745 A.2d 856, 861 (Del. 1999)).
37 State v. Arterbridge, 1995 WL 790965, at *5 n.ll (Del. Super. Ct. Dec. 7, 1995).
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(14) At the suppression hearing, the arresting officers testified that Mathis
“knew [them] and [their] car,”38 and, further, that the occupants of the unmarked
patrol car were readily identifiable as police officers.?’9 This Court found the
officers’ suppression hearing testimony credible, and held that the police had
reasonable articulable suspicion of criminal activity at the time of the investigatory
stop.40 The Supreme Court upheld this finding, ruling that “[t]he Superior Court’s
factual finding that Mathis was aware of the police presence when he began fleeing
is supported by sufficient evidence and is not clearly erroneous.”41 ln short, upon a
review of the entire suppression record, the finding of reasonable articulable
suspicion existed even without the statement from the medical record.
(15) In Woody v. State, the Delaware Supreme Court found that the totality
of the circumstances gave rise to the police officers’ reasonable articulable suspicion
of criminal activity justifying detention where: (1 ) the defendant was found in a high-
crime area; (2) the defendant fled at the sight of law enforcement approaching; and
(3) the officer testified that there was a “large bulge” in the defendant’s jacket.42
38 Tr. of Suppression Hr’g. at 27:9-28:13.
39 Id. at 49:5_17.
40 Id. at 137:1-14 (stating that the Court “find[s] the officers credible . . . [and that they had]
reasonable articulable suspicion to detain Mr. Mathis[.]”).
41 Mathis, 2015 WL 6445383, at *3.
42 Woody, 765 A.2d at 1263.
Here, the Court found the following factors weighed in favor of finding reasonable
articulable suspicion at the suppression hearing: (1) Mathis was drinking a beer on
the street in violation of city ordinance;43 and (2) Mathis fled from the officers when
they pulled their vehicle up alongside him.44 And the gun was observed before the
police took Mathis into physical custody.45 Viewing the totality of the circumstances
in light of the officers’ experience and training, the Court found that the officers had
a reasonable articulable suspicion to detain Mathis. There is no reasonable
probability that the Court’s suppression decision would have differed had the
statement from the medical record been excluded.
(16) The fact that Mathis suggested an innocent explanation for his flight in
his briefing for the suppression hearing did not preclude the Court from making the
determination that the police officers were credible and had a reasonable articulable
suspicion for detaining him. Given the credible testimony of the officers, there is no
reasonable probability that but for trial counsel’s failure to object to the introduction
of the medical record, the outcome of the suppression hearing and subsequent trial
would have been different.46 Because Mathis fails to carry his burden to show
43 Tr. of Suppression Hr’g. at 135:21-136:2.
44 Id. at 13613-11.
45 Ia'. at 137:12-13.
46 State v. McGlotten, 2011 WL 987534, at ’1‘4 (Del. Super. Ct. Mar. 21, 2011), q/jf’d, 2011
WL 3074790 (Del. July 25, 2011) (“To restate the requirements of Strickland, a defendant must
_1()_
prejudice under Strickland, the Court need not reach the issue of whether trial
counsel’s failure to object to the introduction of the medical records was deficient.47
(17) Finally, Mathis requests an evidentiary hearing.48 Under Rule 61,
“[t]he Superior Court has discretion to determine whether to hold an evidentiary
hearing.”49 And where it is apparent on the face of a postconviction motion, the
responses thereto, the record of prior proceedings, and any added materials that the
petitioner is not entitled to relief, there is no need for an evidentiary hearing.5° After
consideration of the complete evidentiary record and the single legal issue raised,
Mathis’s request for an evidentiary hearing is DENIED.
(18) Having reviewed the record carefully, the Court has concluded that
Mathis’s claim is without merit, and no other substantial ground for relief exists.
Accordingly, Mathis’s Motion for Postconviction Relief is DENIED and PCR
Counsel’s Motion to Withdraw is GRANTED.
establish two things, not just one: that trial counsel’s performance was deficient and that but for
that deficiency, the outcome of the proceedings would have been different If a defendant cannot
establish both prongs, then the ineffective assistance of counsel claim fails.”).
47 See Taylor v. State, 32 A.3d 374, 386 (Del. 2011) (finding that where the defendant could
not show resulting prej udice, his Stricklana' claims must fail).
48 See DEL. SUPER. CT. CRIM. R. 61(h)(1) (providing the Court, after reviewing the record
developed in the postconviction proceedings, “shall determine whether an evidentiary hearing is
desirable.”).
49 Johnson v. Srare, 2015 WL 8528889,a1*4(De1.Dec. 10, 2015).
30 Id. at *4 (quoting Hawkins v. State, 2003 WL 22957025, at *1 (Del. Dec. 10, 2003)).
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Paul R. Wallace, Judge
Original to Prothonotary
cc: Daniel B. McBride, Deputy Attorney General
John S. Malik, Esquire
Natalie S. Woloshin, Esquire
Mr. Shannon Mathis, pro se
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