Third District Court of Appeal
State of Florida
Opinion filed January 18, 2023.
Not final until disposition of timely filed motion for rehearing.
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No. 3D22-0868
Lower Tribunal No. F19-4844
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German Otero-Rosario,
Appellant,
vs.
The State of Florida,
Appellee.
An appeal from the Circuit Court for Miami-Dade County, Jose L.
Fernandez, Judge.
Carlos J. Martinez, Public Defender, and Nicholas A. Lynch, Assistant
Public Defender, for appellant.
Ashley Moody, Attorney General, and Katryna Santa Cruz, Assistant
Attorney General, for appellee.
Before SCALES, MILLER, and LOBREE, JJ.
MILLER, J.
UPON PARTIAL CONCESSION OF ERROR
Appellant, German Otero-Rosario, seeks review of a judgment and
sentence rendered following a probation violation hearing. The error alleged
is three-fold: (1) the trial court failed to conduct an adequate Nelson1 inquiry
prior to allowing him to represent himself; (2) the State failed to offer
competent, substantial evidence of a willful violation of probation; and (3)
remand is necessary for the entry of a written probation revocation order.
Concluding the inquiry was adequate because the complaints concerning
the attorney of record were “generalized grievances,” and Otero-Rosario
“never made a request for replacement of counsel with another court-
appointed counsel, which is the fundamental prerequisite of a Nelson
inquiry,” instead insisting on self-representation, we reject the first ground.
Augsberger v. State,
655 So. 2d 1202, 1204–05 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995); see
also Tucker v. State,
754 So. 2d 89, 92–93 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000); Branch v.
State,
685 So. 2d 1250, 1252 (Fla. 1996). Further, upon the record before
us, the trial court was within its discretion in determining that Otero-Rosario’s
actions in failing to appear for his court-ordered mental health evaluation did
“not portray some inept attempt to comply” but rather constituted “willful
ignorance.” Williams v. State,
324 So. 3d 614, 616–17 (Fla. 1st DCA 2021);
1
Nelson v. State,
274 So. 2d 256 (Fla. 4th DCA 1973).
2
see also Whitehead v. State,
22 So. 3d 846, 847–48 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009) (“A
trial court is authorized to revoke probation based on a single violation of
probation alone . . . .”); Gray v. State,
170 So. 3d 890, 892 (Fla. 3d DCA
2015) (same). As the State commendably concedes, however, we are
constrained to remand with instructions to the trial court to enter a written
probation revocation order. That order shall not revoke probation for the
third count of the information, as Otero-Rosario was not on probation for that
count. See McBurrows v. State,
336 So. 3d 766, 766 (Fla. 3d DCA 2021);
Robinson v. State,
74 So. 3d 570, 572 (Fla. 4th DCA 2011).
Affirmed in part and remanded with instructions.
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