FINAL UNTIL TIME EXPIRES TO FILE REHEARING
MOTION AND, IF FILED, DETERMINED
IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL
OF FLORIDA
SECOND DISTRICT
TERRY L. CREAMER and DIANA L. )
CREAMER, )
)
Appellants, )
)
v. ) Case No. 2D12-2304
)
BAC HOME LOANS SERVICING, LP f/k/a )
COUNTRYWIDE HOME LOANS )
SERVICING, LP, )
)
Appellee. )
)
Opinion filed August 29, 2014
Appeal from the Circuit Court for Polk
County; J. Michael Hunter, Judge.
Richard R. Kosan, Brandon, for Appellants.
H. Michael Muniz of Kahane & Associates,
P.A., Plantation, for Appellee.
DAVIS, Chief Judge.
Terry and Diana Creamer challenge the denial of their motion for costs
and expenses following the dismissal of the foreclosure action brought against them by
BAC Home Loans Servicing. We affirm the denial of the motion in regard to the request
for attorney's fees and the anticipated costs associated with determining the amount of
those fees. We reverse and remand only for the award of the remaining costs
requested in the motion.
BAC voluntarily dismissed the foreclosure action it filed when the parties
reached a settlement. Following this voluntary dismissal, the Creamers filed a motion
for costs and expenses pursuant to Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.420. Within this
motion the Creamers also requested attorney's fees.1 BAC objected, arguing that there
was no prevailing party to which attorney's fees could be awarded because the
voluntary dismissal occurred as part of a settlement agreement between the parties. At
the hearing on this motion, the parties addressed whether the settlement agreement
contemplated the voluntary dismissal as part of its terms and whether the motion sought
costs that included attorney's fees pursuant to rule 1.420(d) or sought attorney's fees
under the prevailing party provisions of section 57.105(7), Florida Statutes, and the
mortgage agreement. The Creamers' attorney argued that he was entitled to attorney's
fees as a cost as defined by the terms of the mortgage, while BAC argued that
attorney's fees were only requested, and were only available, through section 57.105(7).
Following this hearing, the trial court denied the motion.
On appeal the Creamers argue that under rule 1.420(d) the trial court
could not, as a matter of law, make a determination as to a party's entitlement to costs,
but the Creamers acknowledge that any determination regarding the amount of costs
incurred is within the trial court's discretion under the rule. The Creamers rely on Wilson
1
The only cost sought by the Creamers other than the inclusion of the
request for attorney's fees is the $85 cost of a court reporter for a summary judgment
hearing that was incurred prior to the settlement and the voluntary dismissal. The
Creamers also anticipated a cost of $750 for bringing in an expert to testify as to the
reasonableness of the costs incurred as attorney's fees.
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v. Rose Printing Co.,
624 So. 2d 257 (Fla. 1993), to assert that the judicial discretion in
rule 1.420(d) only applies to determinations of amount and for the proposition that
where the parties have contractually defined costs to include attorney's fees, such fees
are awardable as costs under rule 1.420(d).
But an examination of the relevant portion of the instant mortgage
indicates that the parties did not contractually define costs to include attorney's fees. In
Wilson, the contract referred to "all costs incurred, including reasonable attorney's fees
for such litigation and any subsequent appeals,"
id. at 258, whereas the instant
mortgage stated that the "[l]ender shall be entitled to collect all expenses incurred in
pursuing the remedies provided in this paragraph 18, including, but not limited to,
reasonable attorneys' fees and costs of title evidence." Where the language of the
mortgage does not define fees as costs, the trial court is correct to deny the award of
fees sought as costs pursuant to rule 1.420(d). See also Lopez v. Bank of Am., N.A.,
39 Fla. L. Weekly D620, D620 (Fla. 2d DCA Mar. 26, 2014) ("In Wilson, . . . the
supreme court observed that the contractual prevailing party requirement was irrelevant
because Rose Printing was seeking fees as part of its recoverable costs under rule
1.420(d), not under the contract's fee provision. This was made possible because the
parties' contract included attorney's fees in its definition of costs." (emphasis added)
(citation omitted)); cf. Indem. Ins. Co. of N. Am. v. Chambers, 732 So. 2d 1141, 1143
(Fla. 4th DCA 1999) ("[T]he trial court erred in determining that the provision for
prevailing party attorney's fees in the underlying rental contract included attorney's fees
incurred in the event of liability for personal or property damage. The contract provided
for attorney's fees for collection of charges due under the agreement; the term 'charges,'
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in this contract, clearly did not include costs of reimbursement for personal injury or
property damages caused by the renter.").
Because the instant mortgage refers to costs and attorney's fees
separately, the trial court properly denied the request for attorney's fees under rule
1.420. This remains true regardless of the other arguments regarding prevailing parties
and preservation debated at the hearing and raised in the parties' briefs before this
court. Accordingly, we affirm the portion of the order denying the request for attorney's
fees. We also note that although issued after the hearing in the instant case, this court's
holding in Lopez further precludes the award of attorney's fees to the Creamers under
rule 1.420(d) because their pro se answer to the foreclosure complaint did not plead an
entitlement to such attorney's fees. See 36 Fla. L. Weekly at D620-21.
Our affirmance on this issue makes the need for the recovery of the
anticipated $750 costs associated with the expert testimony regarding the
reasonableness of the fees incurred unnecessary. However, the Creamers remain
entitled under rule 1.420 to the recovery of the requested $85 in court reporter costs.
Accordingly, we reverse the denial of those costs and remand for the limited purpose of
entering an order granting the motion for costs in the amount of $85.
Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded.
KHOUZAM and BLACK, JJ., Concur.
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