DBGS, LLC v. KORMANIK Et Al. ( 2015 )

SECOND DIVISION
ANDREWS, P. J.,
MILLER and BRANCH, JJ.
NOTICE: Motions for reconsideration must be
physically received in our clerk’s office within ten
days of the date of decision to be deemed timely filed.
http://www.gaappeals.us/rules/
July 10, 2015
In the Court of Appeals of Georgia
A15A0258. DBGS, LLC d/b/a DIRECTBUY OF GREENVILLE v.
KORMANIK et al.
MILLER, Judge.
Chris and Mary Kormanik sued DBGS, LLC d/b/a DirectBuy of Greenville
(“DirectBuy”) for negligent misrepresentation because they were unhappy with the
work performed by a contractor recommended to them by DirectBuy. DirectBuy filed
a motion to compel arbitration, which the trial court denied on the ground that the
Kormaniks’ claim did not fall within the scope of the arbitration clause in their
membership agreement with DirectBuy. DirectBuy appeals, contending that the trial
court erred in denying its motion to compel arbitration. For the reasons that follow,
we reverse.
“The question of arbitrability, i.e., whether an agreement creates a duty for the
parties to arbitrate the particular grievance, is undeniably an issue for judicial
determination.” (Footnote omitted.) Order Homes, LLC v. Iverson, 300 Ga. App. 332,
332-333 (685 SE2d 304) (2009). In reviewing the denial of a motion to compel
arbitration, we determine whether the trial court was correct as a matter of law. See
id.The undisputed facts show that DirectBuy is a South Carolina company that
sells home furnishings and fixtures to its members. The Kormaniks are Georgia
residents. On March 17, 2012, the Kormaniks entered into a membership agreement
or contract with DirectBuy. The membership agreement provided:
Our Club staff and our Club Owners stand ready to help you resolve any
problem you may encounter with your Membership or with any order
you place through DirectBuy, but if we are not able to achieve a
satisfactory resolution for you, you and we agree to avoid the needless
delays, expenses, and uncertainties of court proceedings by submitting
all such unresolved disputes exclusively to private, expedited, and
confidential arbitration[.]
(Emphasis supplied.)
The Kormaniks purchased products and materials for their home renovation
from DirectBuy. DirectBuy also provided the Kormaniks with a list of contractors
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that offered discounts to DirectBuy members. From this list, the Kormaniks selected
a contractor for their home renovation. Dissatisfied with the contractor’s work, the
Kormaniks filed suit against him and DirectBuy.1
Thereafter, DirectBuy sought to arbitrate the Kormaniks’ claim. After the
Kormaniks refused, DirectBuy filed a motion to compel arbitration, which the trial
court denied on the ground that the Kormaniks’ claim for negligent misrepresentation
did not involve their DirectBuy membership or relate to a problem with their order.
We granted interlocutory review, and this appeal ensued.
In related enumerations of error, DirectBuy contends that the trial court erred
in denying its motion to compel arbitration. We agree.
“Arbitration in Georgia is a matter of contract. As such, the construction of an
arbitration clause in a contract is subject to the ordinary rules of contract
construction.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Wedemeyer v. Gulfstream
Aerospace Corp., 324 Ga. App. 47, 50 (1) (749 SE2d 241) (2013).
Georgia has a clear public policy in favor of arbitration. See Order Homes,
supra, 300 Ga. App. at 334-335 (1); see also OCGA § 9-9-1 et seq. Under OCGA §
1
The Kormaniks also filed suit against the bank that financed their home
renovation.
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9-9-6 (a), a party may move the court to compel arbitration, and if “there is no
substantial issue concerning the validity of the agreement to submit to arbitration or
compliance therewith and the claim sought to be arbitrated is not barred by limitation
of time,” the trial court shall order the parties to arbitrate. Since Georgia’s arbitration
code closely tracks federal arbitration law, we look to federal cases for guidance in
construing our own arbitration statutes.2 See Order Homes, LLC, supra, 300 Ga. App.
at 335 (1).
As a matter of federal law, any doubts concerning the scope of arbitrable issues
should be resolved in favor of arbitration. See Moses H. Cone Mem. Hosp. v. Mercury
Constr. Corp., 460 U. S. 1, 24-25 (IV) (C) (103 SCt 927, 74 LE2d 765) (1983);
DiMambro-Northend Assocs. v. Blanck-Alvarez, Inc., 251 Ga. 704, 707 (1) (309 SE2d
364) (1983) (adopting the United State Supreme Court’s construction of the scope
and purpose of the Federal Arbitration Act). Arbitration “should not be denied unless
it may be said with positive assurance that the arbitration clause is not susceptible of
2
Moreover, because the Kormaniks are Georgia residents and DirectBuy is a
South Carolina company, the Federal Arbitration Act also applies to this case. See
American Gen. Financial Svcs. v. Jape, 291 Ga. 637, 638 (1) (732 SE2d 746) (2012)
(The Federal Arbitration Act “applies in state and federal courts to all contracts
containing an arbitration clause that involves or affects interstate commerce.”)
(citation omitted); see also 9 USC §§ 1; 2.
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an interpretation that covers the asserted dispute.” (Citations omitted.) AT&T
Technologies, Inc. v. Communications Workers of America, 475 U.S. 643, 650 (II)
(106 SCt 1415, 89 LE2d 648) (1986).
“In determining whether a particular claim falls within the scope of the parties’
arbitration agreement, we focus on the factual allegations in the complaint rather than
the legal causes of action asserted.” (Citation omitted.) Genesco, Inc. v. T. Kakiuchi
& Co., Ltd., 815 F2d 840, 846 (II) (2nd Cir. 1987). If the allegations underlying the
claims “touch matters” covered by the parties’ agreement, then those claims must be
arbitrated. See id.Here, the Kormaniks assert in their complaint that they purchased 90 percent
of the products and materials for their home renovation from DirectBuy and selected
a contractor from DirectBuy’s list of preferred installers. The Kormaniks further
contend that DirectBuy negligently misrepresented that the contractor was qualified
and the contractor’s work was unsatisfactory. The Kormaniks argue that the word
“membership” as used in the arbitration clause is limited to membership benefits and
privileges and does not include DirectBuy’s recommendation of a contractor. Our
review of the record, however, shows that DirectBuy’s recommendation of a
contractor who provides discounts to its members is an added value or benefit of a
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DirectBuy membership. Thus, the Kormaniks’ allegations against DirectBuy touch
a matter — their DirectBuy membership — covered by the arbitration agreement. See
Genesco, supra, 815 F2d at 846 (II). Moreover, any doubts concerning the scope of
arbitrable issues should be resolved in favor of arbitration. See Moses H. Cone Mem.
Hosp., supra, 460 U. S. at 24-25 (IV) (C). Accordingly, the Kormaniks’ claim must
be arbitrated and the trial court erred in denying DirectBuy’s motion to compel
arbitration.
Judgment reversed. Andrews, P. J., concurs. Branch, J., concurs in judgment
only.
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