Eguilior v. State ( 2018 )

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF IDAHO
Docket Nos. 44518 & 44519
CAROLINE EGUILIOR, )
) Filed: July 6, 2018
Petitioner-Appellant, )
) Karel A. Lehrman, Clerk
v. )
) THIS IS AN UNPUBLISHED
STATE OF IDAHO, ) OPINION AND SHALL NOT
) BE CITED AS AUTHORITY
Respondent. )
)
Appeal from the District Court of the Fifth Judicial District, State of Idaho, Twin
Falls County. Hon. Randy J. Stoker, District Judge.
Judgments summarily dismissing petitions for post-conviction
relief, vacated and case remanded; appeals from orders denying I.R.C.P. 60(b)(1)
motions for relief from judgment, dismissed.
Eric D. Fredericksen, State Appellate Public Defender; Brian R. Dickson, Deputy
Appellate Public Defender, Boise, for appellant.
Hon. Lawrence G. Wasden, Attorney General; Mark W. Olson, Deputy Attorney
General, Boise, for respondent.
________________________________________________
LORELLO, Judge
In these consolidated cases, Caroline Eguilior appeals from judgments summarily
dismissing her petitions for post-conviction relief and orders denying her motions for relief from
judgment. For the reasons set forth below, we vacate and remand the judgments and dismiss the
appeal from the orders for relief from judgment.
I.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
Pursuant to a joint plea agreement in two criminal cases, Eguilior pled guilty to two
counts of forgery, one count of robbery, and one count of unlawful possession of a firearm in
exchange for the dismissal of several additional felonies. As part of her plea agreement, Eguilior
stipulated to a unified sentence of twenty years, with a minimum period of confinement of eight
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years. In addition, Eguilior waived her right to file an I.C.R. 35 motion, as well as her right to
appeal her sentence unless the district court exceeded the State’s recommendation. Consistent
with the State’s recommendation and the stipulated sentence, the district court imposed an
aggregate twenty-year sentence with eight years fixed.
Eguilior filed pro se petitions for post-conviction relief, alleging ineffective assistance of
trial counsel. Specifically, Eguilior alleged that trial counsel coerced Eguilior into signing the
plea agreements and told her it was not her “choice” whether to “fight” the charges at trial.
Eguilior also alleged that her trial counsel advised Eguilior “wrong” in relation to the I.C.R. 11
because she believed there was evidence that could have been presented as a defense at trial, and
“many factors that if presented would have changed the outcome of [her] sentence,” including
her mental health and family-related stressors. The only relief Eguilior requested in her pro se
petition was a reduction of her sentences. Eguilior also requested the appointment of
post-conviction counsel, which the district court denied, stating that Eguilior’s claims were
frivolous and were not ones that would be filed by a person who would retain counsel.
The district court issued notices of intent to dismiss Eguilior’s petitions on the basis that
her allegations were conclusory and lacked merit. The notices further stated that, even assuming
all of Eguilior’s allegations were true, she was not entitled to relief because the requested
relief--reduction of her sentences--could not be granted in post-conviction. Eguilior did not
respond to the district court’s notices of intent to dismiss within twenty days, and the district
court entered judgments dismissing Eguilior’s petitions on July 6, 2016. Five days later, on
July 11, 2016, Eguilior filed a letter with the district court that stated, in part: “I am not
requesting to modify my sentence. I[’]m asking the courts to give me a chance at arguing for a
different sentence, by removing my rule 11 on my plea deal and resentence me.” The letter also
repeated Eguilior’s allegations that counsel incorrectly advised Eguilior in relation to the Rule 11
agreement, that her attorney was ineffective, and that Eguilior believed the outcome would have
been different but for her attorney’s advice. In addition, Eguilior repeated the mitigation she
believed should have been presented in support of a lesser sentence. No action was taken by the
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district court in response to Eguilior’s July 11 letter, and Eguilior filed a notice of appeal
forty-two days later. 1
After Eguilior filed her opening brief on appeal, she filed pro se I.R.C.P. 60(b) motions
for relief from the judgments dismissing her petitions in district court and a request for counsel in
relation to her Rule 60(b) motions. Eguilior asserted that there had been a “mistake” as the
district court did not receive her responses to its notices of intent to dismiss her post-conviction
petitions within the twenty-day time limit. Eguilior alleged that she gave her response to the
prison paralegal within the time period to respond. Eguilior also explained that the delay in
filing her Rule 60(b) motions was due to being unaware that the district court did not timely
receive her response to its notice of intent to dismiss. Eguilior asserted that, after being made
aware that her response to the court’s notice was not considered prior to dismissal, she was
waiting for help and information from the paralegal to assist Eguilior in filing her motions. The
district court denied Eguilior’s requests for counsel on the basis that her Rule 60(b) motions were
untimely and frivolous and denied Eguilior’s I.R.C.P. 60(b) motions, finding that, in addition to
being untimely, Eguilior’s explanations for delay were insufficient to excuse her failure to timely
respond to the notices of intent to dismiss or timely file for Rule 60(b) relief. Eguilior appeals.
II.
ANALYSIS
A. Appointment of Post-Conviction Counsel
Eguilior argues that the district court erred in denying her motions for appointment of
post-conviction counsel because her petitions presented the possibility of a valid claim. The
State argues that Eguilior was not entitled to counsel because Eguilior’s claims were frivolous
and she only sought sentencing relief. We conclude that Eguilior was entitled to the appointment
of post-conviction counsel because Eguilior alleged the possibility of a valid claim of ineffective
assistance of counsel.
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Eguilior’s appeals were initially conditionally dismissed as untimely, but were later
reinstated after Eguilior provided a mail log indicating her notices of appeal were timely
provided to prison officials for mailing.
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If a post-conviction petitioner is unable to pay for the expenses of representation, the trial
court may appoint counsel to represent the petitioner. I.C. § 19-4904. The proper standard for
determining whether to appoint counsel for an indigent petitioner in a post-conviction proceeding
is whether the petition alleges facts showing the possibility of a valid claim that would require
further investigation on the defendant’s behalf. Workman v. State, 144 Idaho 518, 529, 164 P.3d
798, 809 (2007). The trial court should appoint counsel if the petition alleges facts showing the
possibility of a valid claim such that a reasonable person with adequate means would be willing
to retain counsel to conduct a further investigation into the claim. Swader v. State, 143 Idaho
651, 654-55, 152 P.3d 12, 15-16 (2007). Thus, when addressing the issue of appointment of
counsel in post-conviction proceedings, this Court examines whether the possibility of a valid
claim exists before determining that an error in failing to appoint counsel requires remand. In
determining whether the possibility of a valid claim exists, every inference must run in the
petitioner’s favor because an unrepresented petitioner may not know how to properly allege the
necessary facts. Charboneau v. State, 140 Idaho 789, 794, 102 P.3d 1108, 1113 (2004).
The claims in Eguilior’s post-conviction petitions alleged ineffective assistance of
counsel in relation to the plea agreement. On appeal, Eguilior contends that the allegation in her
petitions that counsel coerced her into pleading guilty after she informed counsel that Eguilior
wanted to proceed to trial was sufficient to show the possibility of a valid claim. The State
argues that the district court correctly concluded Eguilior’s ineffective assistance of counsel
claim was frivolous because the only relief Eguilior requested was a reduced sentence, which is
not relief that is available in post-conviction. The State further argues that Eguilior was not
entitled to counsel for the purpose of requesting the correct relief.
To prevail on an ineffective assistance of counsel claim, the petitioner must show that the
attorney’s performance was deficient and that the petitioner was prejudiced by the deficiency.
Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687-88 (1984); Hassett v. State, 127 Idaho 313, 316,
900 P.2d 221, 224 (Ct. App. 1995). To establish a deficiency, the petitioner has the burden of
showing that the attorney’s representation fell below an objective standard of reasonableness.
Aragon v. State, 114 Idaho 758, 760, 760 P.2d 1174, 1176 (1988). Where, as here, the petitioner
was convicted upon a guilty plea, to satisfy the prejudice element the petitioner must show that
there is a reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s errors, he or she would not have pled
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guilty and would have insisted on going to trial. Plant v. State, 143 Idaho 758, 762, 152 P.3d
629, 633 (Ct. App. 2006).
Eguilior’s allegations in relation to her claim that counsel coerced Eguilior’s guilty pleas
were sufficient to raise at least the possibility of a valid claim. In her petitions, Eguilior set forth
specific allegations regarding counsel’s conduct in relation to Eguilior’s guilty pleas, and she
alleged that she wished to proceed to trial, but counsel informed Eguilior that it was not her
decision. Eguilior’s allegations were sufficient to demonstrate the possibility of a valid claim.
That Eguilior asserted in her pro se petition that she wanted a reduced sentence does not change
the allegations within her petition regarding counsel’s coercion in relation to Eguilior’s guilty
pleas. Because Eguilior alleged the possibility of a valid claim, the district court erred in
denying Eguilior’s requests for the appointment of post-conviction counsel.
B. Motions for Relief from Judgment
Eguilior also appeals from the district court’s orders denying her I.R.C.P. 60(b)(1)
motions for relief from the judgments denying her post-conviction petitions. This Court may
dismiss an appeal when it appears that the only issue presented is moot. Downing v. Jacobs, 99
Idaho 127, 127-28, 578 P.2d 243, 243-44 (1978). Absent an exception, a case becomes moot if it
presents no justiciable controversy and a judicial determination will have no practical effect upon
the outcome. Goodson v. Nez Perce Cnty. Bd. of Cnty. Comm’rs, 133 Idaho 851, 853, 993 P.2d
614, 616 (2000). In light of our conclusion that Eguilior was entitled to the appointment of
counsel in relation to her post-conviction petitions, Eguilior’s appeals from the denial of her
Rule 60(b) motions present no justiciable issue that will have a practical effect upon the
outcome. Therefore, Eguilior’s appeals from the denial of Rule 60(b) relief are dismissed as
moot.
III.
CONCLUSION
Eguilior’s judgments summarily dismissing her petitions for post-conviction relief are
vacated and remanded for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. Eguilior’s appeals
from the orders denying her I.R.C.P. 60(b)(1) motions for relief from judgment are dismissed.
Chief Judge GRATTON and Judge HUSKEY, CONCUR.
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