People v. Washington , 2024 IL App (4th) 240022-U ( 2024 )

NOTICE 2024 IL App (4th) 240022-UThis Order was filed under FILED
Supreme Court Rule 23 and is February 26, 2024
not precedent except in the NOS. 4-24-0022, 4-24-0023 cons.
Carla Bender
limited circumstances allowed 4th District Appellate
under Rule 23(e)(1). IN THE APPELLATE COURT Court, IL
OF ILLINOIS
FOURTH DISTRICT
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, ) Appeal from the
Plaintiff-Appellee, ) Circuit Court of
v. ) Adams County
TADARRYL D. WASHINGTON, ) Nos. 22CF625
Defendant-Appellant. ) 23CF389
)
) Honorable
) Talmadge “Tad” Brenner,
) Judge Presiding.
JUSTICE CAVANAGH delivered the judgment of the court.
Justices Knecht and DeArmond concurred in the judgment.
ORDER
¶1 Held: The appellate court reversed, finding the trial court abused its discretion when
granting the State’s petition to revoke pretrial release where the record on appeal
failed to show defendant had been formally charged with a subsequent felony or
Class A misdemeanor.
¶2 Defendant, Tadarryl D. Washington, appeals the trial court’s order revoking his
pretrial release pursuant to the Code of Criminal Procedure of 1963 (Code) (725 ILCS 5/110
et seq.) (West 2022)), hereinafter as amended by Public Act 101-652 (eff. Jan. 1, 2023),
commonly known as the Pretrial Fairness Act (Act). On appeal, defendant argues (1) he was not
charged with a qualifying offense to revoke his pretrial release, (2) the State failed to prove by
clear and convincing evidence he posed a real and present threat to any person(s) or the
community, and (3) because he had not filed a petition seeking to modify his release conditions,
he should have remained under the provisions of his monetary bail that were in effect prior to the
Act going into effect. We reverse.
¶3 I. BACKGROUND
¶4 In November 2022, in Adams County case No. 22-CF-625, defendant was
indicted on two counts of aggravated domestic battery (720 ILCS 5/12-3.3(a-5); (a)-(b) (West
2022)) for strangling Tonja Anders and striking her in the face and one count of domestic battery
(id. § 12-3.2(a)(2), (b)) for making physical contact of an insulting and provoking nature by
striking Anders in the face after having been previously convicted of domestic battery in Adams
County case No. 19-CF-175. All of defendant’s charges were felonies. On January 31, 2023,
defendant posted bond in the matter and was released with conditions, including that he not
violate any criminal statute of any jurisdiction.
¶5 On June 26, 2023, in Adams County case No. 23-CF-389, defendant was charged
by information with felony aggravated battery (id. § 12-3.05(c)) for making contact of an
insulting or provoking nature when he punched Jason Harbison at a public place of
accommodation or amusement. The public place of accommodation or amusement listed in the
information is South Side Laundry located at 1000 S. 8th Street in Quincy, Illinois. On June 27,
2023, defendant posted bond in this matter and was released with conditions, including that he
not violate any criminal statute of any jurisdiction.
¶6 On December 15, 2023, the State filed a verified petition to revoke or modify
defendant’s pretrial release conditions on the grounds defendant had been granted pretrial release
for a felony or Class A misdemeanor and was charged with a subsequent felony or Class A
misdemeanor during his pretrial release. The matter was set for a detention hearing on December
19, 2023.
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¶7 At the detention hearing, defendant’s retained counsel was permitted to withdraw.
The trial court appointed the public defender’s office for the purposes of his detention hearing.
The State tendered a Preliminary Law Enforcement Arrest Report (PLEAR) into evidence. The
PLEAR showed a probable cause statement from a police officer stating that on December 14,
2023, he was dispatched to a Save-A-Lot grocery store to respond to a disturbance. There the
officer identified defendant and a female, Stacie Herpin, sitting at a “gambling machine.” Both
stated they had only been in a verbal argument and nothing physical had occurred. Herpin stated
she was in an “off-and-on” relationship with defendant. The PLEAR noted surveillance video
showed defendant and Herpin at a gambling machine when defendant jumped out of his chair
and “used two hands to quickly push Herpin back away from him.” Defendant continued to
advance toward Herpin as she retreated. Herpin had a bruise on her face, but she stated she had
fallen down steps that day while doing laundry and that it was not caused by defendant. Herpin
did not want to press charges against defendant. Based on the surveillance video, officers
determined there was probable cause to arrest defendant. The PLEAR noted Herpin had sought
an emergency order of protection against defendant, which was included in the PLEAR, but
Herpin had “dismissed” it on December 13, 2023.
¶8 The parties then proceeded to argument. The State argued defendant had been
charged in Adams County case Nos. 23-CF-389 and 22-CF-625 with felonies and, while on
pretrial release in those matters, he committed a new aggravated domestic battery offense. The
State then directed the trial court to the evidence located in the PLEAR. Defendant argued the
incident only alleged pushing and the video did not include audio or demonstrate what had led up
to the incident.
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¶9 When making its decision, the trial court stated it had considered the PLEAR and
arguments from the parties. The court found the new offense had occurred at a public place of
accommodation or amusement because the events occurred at a gambling machine. The court
stated the PLEAR indicated “the named victim” had bruising. The court found defendant had
been granted pretrial release for a felony or Class A misdemeanor and was now being charged
with a subsequent felony or Class A misdemeanor while on pretrial release. The court found by
clear and convincing evidence no conditions would reasonably ensure defendant’s appearance at
subsequent proceedings or prevent him from being charged with a subsequent felony or Class A
misdemeanor. The court revoked defendant’s pretrial release. While the court was reading
defendant’s appeal rights, defendant was removed from the courtroom due to his outburst.
¶ 10 Defendant utilized the notice of appeal form in the Article VI Forms Appendix to
the Illinois Supreme Court Rules. See Ill. S. Ct. R. 606(d) (eff. Dec. 7, 2023). On the form,
defendant sought relief reversing the trial court’s order revoking his pretrial release. Under the
grounds for relief, defendant checked the following boxes, with his supporting detail shown in
italics:
“Defendant was not charged with an offense qualifying for denial or
revocation of pretrial release or with a violation of a protective order qualifying
for revocation of pretrial release.
In 23 CF 389, Defendant is charged with the offense of aggravated
battery, predicated on allegedly occurring at a public place of accommodation or
amusement. Moreover, the physical contact is alleged to be insulting and
provoking in nature. This offense is not one of the enumerated offenses in 725
ILCS 5/110-6.1.”
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“The State failed to meet its burden of proving by clear and convincing
evidence that defendant poses a real and present threat to the safety of any person
or persons or the community, based on the specific, articulable facts of the case.
The conduct alleged to have occurred during Defendant’s pretrial release
involved only pushing in a public place and was insulting and provoking.”
“Other (explain).
In 22 CF 625, cash bail had been set on 11/1/22. Moreover, Defendant did
not file a petition seeking the removal of a monetary bail condition (cash bail)
and the case should have remained under the provisions of the law as it was in
effect prior to September 18, 2023.”
¶ 11 This appeal followed.
¶ 12 II. ANALYSIS
¶ 13 On January 29, 2024, the Office of the State Appellate Defender, defendant’s
appointed counsel on appeal, filed a notice with this court indicating it was not filing a Rule
604(h) memorandum (see Ill. S. Ct. R. 604(h) (eff. Dec. 7, 2023)). Therefore, we examine the
arguments set forth in defendant’s notice of appeal.
¶ 14 We review the trial court’s decision to revoke a defendant’s pretrial release for an
abuse of discretion. People v. Jones, 2023 IL App (4th) 230837, ¶ 30; see People v. Reed, 2024
IL App (4th) 231074-U, ¶¶ 22-25 (explaining why this court uses the same standard of review
for hearings for the revocation of pretrial release as hearings for the denial of pretrial release). A
court abuses its discretion by issuing a decision that is arbitrary, fanciful, or unreasonable—that
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is, a decision with which no reasonable person would agree. People v. Inman, 2023 IL App (4th)
230864, ¶ 10.
¶ 15 The Code provides a defendant who had previously been granted pretrial release
under the Code may have his pretrial release revoked “only if the defendant is charged with a
felony or Class A misdemeanor that is alleged to have occurred during the defendant’s pretrial
release after a hearing on the court’s own motion or upon the filing of a verified petition by the
State.” 725 ILCS 5/110-6(a) (West 2022).
¶ 16 Defendant’s first contention from his notice of appeal is that he was not charged
with a qualifying offense to revoke his pretrial release. Defendant’s supporting argument from
the notice of appeal points to his charge in case No. 23-CF-389 and disputes whether the
aggravated battery as charged is an enumerated offense under section 110-6.1 of the Code (725
ILCS 5/110-6.1 (West 2022)).
¶ 17 First, section 110-6(a) of the Code does not enumerate qualifying offenses like
section 110-6.1, which pertains to the denial of pretrial release. Section 110-6(a) simply requires
a defendant be charged with a “felony or Class A misdemeanor” that occurred while said
defendant was on pretrial release for a different felony or Class A misdemeanor. Id. § 110-6(a).
Second, the record shows the State was seeking to revoke defendant’s pretrial release in case
Nos. 23-CF-389 and 22-CF-625, not to use case No. 23-CF-389 as the basis for revocation. We
can glean from the record there was yet a third case for which defendant is alleged to have
committed an aggravated domestic battery. However, this leads us to the very problem with this
case.
¶ 18 As a reviewing court, we have an “obligation to afford meaningful review under
the Act.” People v. Martin, 2023 IL App (4th) 230826, ¶ 25. Additionally, we must liberally
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construe the contents of a defendant’s notice of appeal. Id. ¶ 18. Here, defendant’s first
contention is that he was not charged with a qualifying offense to support revoking his pretrial
release. Based on the record, we must agree with defendant. The third case documented at the
detention hearing from the PLEAR is not formally recognized anywhere in the record on appeal.
¶ 19 Section 110-6(a) provides for the revocation of pretrial release as a consequent
“only if the defendant is charged.” (Emphasis added.) 725 ILCS 5/110-6(a) (West 2022). The
basic antecedent condition for revoking defendant’s pretrial release is missing here: the charging
document for the third case on which the State predicates its verified petition. The third case
could have been included in the record on appeal by the State attaching the charging document to
its verified petition to revoke or by the trial court taking judicial notice of the charging document
at the detention hearing. Rather, the State simply argued defendant had been charged in a third
case, and the court agreed. This series of events is simply not sufficient to afford meaningful
review to defendant. The failure to include the charging document that provided the basis for
revoking defendant’s pretrial release left the court without a sufficient basis to grant the State’s
petition. Therefore, the court abused its discretion when it granted the State’s petition.
¶ 20 Because we find the trial court abused its discretion concerning defendant’s first
contention, we need not address defendant’s remaining contentions on appeal. We note our
reversal of the court’s order should not be seen as any indication of the merits of the State’s
petition.
¶ 21 III. CONCLUSION
¶ 22 For the reasons stated, we reverse the trial court’s judgment.
¶ 23 Reversed; cause remanded.
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