People v. Gliniewicz ( 2019 )

2019 IL App (2d) 190401-UNo. 2-19-0401
Order filed December 27, 2019
NOTICE: This order was filed under Supreme Court Rule 23 and may not be cited as
precedent by any party except in the limited circumstances allowed under Rule 23(e)(1).
______________________________________________________________________________
IN THE
APPELLATE COURT OF ILLINOIS
SECOND DISTRICT
______________________________________________________________________________
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE ) Appeal from the Circuit Court
OF ILLINOIS, ) of Lake County.
)
Plaintiff, ) No. 16 CF 239
)
v. )
)
MELODIE GLINIEWICZ, )
)
Defendant-Appellee. ) Honorable
) James Booras
(The Village of Fox Lake, Intervenor- ) Judge, Presiding
Appellant.) )
PRESIDING JUSTICE BIRKETT delivered the judgment of the court.
Justices Zenoff and Hudson concurred in the judgment.
ORDER
¶1 Held: The trial court erred in finding that the State violated a discovery protective order
by furnishing copies of police reports and a video of defendant’s statements to the
Village of Fox Lake in response to a subpoena issued pursuant to the Pension Code.
40 ILCS 5/1-101 et seq. (West 2018). The trial court also lacked jurisdiction to
enter an order enjoining the Village and its attorneys from presenting evidence
before the Pension Board.
¶2 The intervenor-appellant in this case, the Village of Fox Lake (Village), appeals from an
injunction order issued by the trial court in the criminal prosecution of defendant, Melodie
Gliniewicz. For the following reasons, we reverse.
2019 IL App (2d) 190401-U¶3 A. BACKGROUND
¶4 On September 1, 2015, Lieutenant Charles Joseph Gliniewicz (Joe) of the Fox Lake Police
Department was killed by a single gunshot wound to the chest. The death was originally
investigated as a homicide but was later ruled a suicide. Authorities theorized that Joe took his
own life to avoid prosecution for embezzling thousands of dollars from the Fox Lake Police
Explorers (Explorers), over which he was a fiduciary. On January 27, 2016, a Lake County grand
jury returned a six-count indictment alleging that defendant (Joe’s wife) participated in the scheme
to steal funds from the Explorers along with Joe. On the same day defendant filed an application
for a survivor’s pension with the Board of Trustees of the Fox Lake Pension Fund (the Board) as
Joe’s widow.
¶5 The Lake County State’s Attorney, by his assistants, furnished approximately 12,000 pages
of material generated by law enforcement agencies to defendant in discovery as part of the criminal
prosecution. Those agencies included the Lake County Major Crime Task Force, the Village of
Fox Lake Police Department and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). In addition to
photographs and written material, the State also furnished a video recorded interview of defendant
conducted by an FBI agent and a police officer.
¶6 On February 26, 2016, the trial court issued a “Discovery Protective Order” 1 upon motion
of the State pursuant to Supreme Court Rule 415(c), (d) (eff. Oct. 1, 1971). The order stated that
“[t]he State is in possession of the Lake County Major Crimes investigation into the death of Fox
Valley Police Lieutenant Charles J. Gliniewiecz” and that the reports were relevant to the
1
The Discovery Protective Order was entered by Judge Rosetti, who later recused herself. The
case was then assigned to Judge Booras.
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Uprosecution and defense of defendant. The order provided that “[t]hese records shall be made
available to defense counsel***subject to the following restrictions:
“1. No reports herein shall be exhibited, shown, disclosed, or displayed to any
person or used in any fashion by any party except in a judicial proceeding or in the
performance of official duties by law enforcement, prosecuting officers, court personnel,
or defense attorneys.
2. All discovery materials furnished to an attorney shall remain in counsel’s
exclusive custody and be used only for the purposes of conducting counsel’s side of the
case.
3. Defense counsel shall not disseminate copies of any reports provided herein to
any third parties, except defense counsel may disseminate copies of any relevant reports
provided herein to expert consultants and/or expert witnesses. Defense counsel shall
provide a copy of this order to any such expert consultant and/or expert witness who
receives any reports provided herein, and such expert consultant and/or expert witness shall
be bound by the terms of this order.
4. The defendant personally may review the discovered materials in the direct
presence and under the direct supervision of defense counsel, investigator, or expert
witness as may be necessary for the purposes of assisting in the defense of this case. Under
no circumstances shall the defendant personally be given any of the materials or copies of
the materials to retain in her possession.
5. The cost of making any duplicates of reports shall be borne by the defendant,
unless otherwise ordered by the court.
6. The defense shall not reveal any medical related information.
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-U7. A copy of this protective order shall accompany any copy made of the discovered
materials and shall be maintained by the Clerk on the outside of any container holding such
evidence by the Court.”
¶7 The Village intervened in the pension proceedings in order to contest defendant’s eligibility
for the survivor pension. At the request of the Lake County State’s Attorney, the Village moved
to stay the pension proceedings out of concern that the pension proceedings might affect the trial
in the criminal case. Defendant objected to the stay of the pension proceedings and advocated for
full discovery. Over defendant’s objection, on August 25, 2016, the Board granted the Village’s
motion to stay the pension proceedings pending completion of the criminal case.
¶8 On September 7, 2017, defendant filed a motion before the Board to lift the stay. Counsel
for defendant/petitioner argued that the delay in the pension case caused a hardship to defendant
because “she was not receiving income for the last 842 days” and “the harm to her far outweigh[ed]
any harm to the Village or this Board.” Counsel for defendant/petitioner also noted that there was
a pending motion to dismiss in the criminal case that if granted “could knock out all the charges”
and that the “motion in limine sort of intervened. So that motion to dismiss still has a little bit
further to go after it goes back to trial.” 2 Over the Village’s objection, based on defendant’s
representations that “no harm” would come from “having witnesses testify” the Board granted
defendant’s motion to lift the stay.
2
In appeal No. 2-17-0490 the State filed an interlocutory appeal of the trial court’s order
granting defendant’s motion in limine to exclude marital communications recorded from Joe’s cell
phone in the form of text messages and emails.
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-U¶9 On December 2, 2017, the Board, at the request of the Village, issued a subpoena duces
tecum pursuant to section 136 of the Illinois Pension Code (40 ILCS 5/3-136 (West 2016))
requiring the Lake County State’s Attorney’s Office to produce the following materials:
“1. All documents obtained by and produced by the Major Crimes Task Force in
their investigation of the death of Joseph Gliniewicz and his financial accounts.
2. All documents obtained by and produced by the Federal Bureau of Investigation
in their investigation of the death of Joseph Gliniewicz and his financial accounts.
3. All documents obtained by and produced by the Major Crimes Task Force in
their investigation of Melodie Gliniewicz and her financial accounts.
4. All documents obtained by and produced by the Federal Bureau of Investigation
in their investigation of Melodie Gliniewicz and her financial accounts.
5. All documents produced to Melodie Gliniewicz as discovery in her criminal
prosecution.
6. All documents received from Melodie Gliniewicz in discovery as part of her
criminal prosecution.
7. Any transcripts of hearings on defendant’s motion to dismiss.
8. Any other documents, evidence, or witness statements related to the criminal
prosecution of Melodie Gliniewicz.”
¶ 10 On January 8, 2018, the Board issued an identical subpoena to defendant. Defendant
moved to quash the Board’s subpoena arguing in part that documents requested in “items 1-5 and
8 are documents that are otherwise procurable by the Village.” As to item 6, defendant noted that
“the defense has not tendered reciprocal discovery in the criminal case.” Defendant’s motion noted
that item 7 (transcript of the hearing on the motion to dismiss) “has been tendered to the Village.
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-UAs to items 1-5 and 8, defendants cited Supreme Court Rule 415(c), which prohibits defense
counsel in the criminal case “from giving copies of those documents to any other party, including
the Village.” Defendant also attached a copy of the February 26, 2016, protective order entered in
the criminal case. The Village withdrew its subpoena duces tecum issued to defendant.
¶ 11 On June 19, 2018, the Board ordered, in part, that the parties “exchange subpoenas” on or
before July 31, 2018. On June 30, 2018, the Village provided defendant with a copy of the
subpoena on the State’s Attorney as well as the State’s response that included materials from the
Task Force investigation that had been furnished in discovery to defendant in the criminal case.
Unlike the original materials in possession of the Village, these materials were Bates stamped with
the initials of the assistant state’s attorney who produced the discovery to defense counsel. The
Board ordered the parties to file all pretrial motions on or before August 13, 2018. Defendant did
not file a motion before the Board seeking to exclude evidence furnished by the State’s Attorney’s
office in response to the Village’s December 27, 2017 subpoena.
¶ 12 On January 17, 2019, defendant filed a “Motion for Discovery Sanctions” in the criminal
case. In the motion defendant noted that the “State [had] produced approximately 12,000 pages
of discovery, as well as video evidence” and stated that on February 21, 2016, Judge Rosetti
“issued a protective order governing the control of certain discovery.” Defendant quoted the
committee comments to Supreme Court Rule 415(c), which states that “this paragraph establishes
a requirement in every case that the material which an attorney receives shall remain in his
exclusive custody.” In the motion defendant argued that the State “had a duty to keep the discovery
material in its exclusive possession and that by responding to the Village’s subpoena in the pension
case “it violated both Supreme Court Rule and the protective order.” Defendant requested that the
trial court order the State “to retrieve the discovery given to the Village of Fox Lake and destroy
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Uit.” Defendant further requested that “the court can remedy the prejudice suffered by defendant
by ensuring that no copies of the discovery in this case exist outside of what is in possession of the
State and the defense.”
¶ 13 On January 17, 2019, defense counsel sent an email to counsel for the Village in the pension
case notifying them that defendant had filed a motion for discovery sanctions in the criminal case.
Defense counsel suggested “postponing the scheduled January 31 hearing date” on pre-hearing
motions in the pension case until they had a ruling on the motion for sanctions “for reasons that
are obvious from the contents of the motion.”
¶ 14 On March 5, 2019, the trial court heard arguments on defendant’s motion for discovery
sanctions. Defense counsel argued that by complying with the Village’s subpoena in the pension
case, “the State jeopardized her right to a fair trial.” Defense counsel explained that he did not
believe the court had jurisdiction to hear the motion for sanctions until the mandate was issued in
a separate appeal (2017 IL App (2d) 170490) involving a question of marital privilege in cell phone
communications between defendant and Joe. Defense counsel argued that the State sought the
February 26, 2016, protective order. Counsel argued that the material furnished to the Village by
the State “had the State’s Bates stamps on it. That’s how I know for sure that it was the State’s
discovery.” The trial court asked, “[w]hy would you say that the Village of Fox Lake should not
possess this evidence?” Defense counsel responded, “[b]ecause it’s criminal discovery, judge.”
Defense counsel argued that the State did not provide notice to defendant that it received the
subpoena from the Village, and “[t]hey owed us a duty to give us notice as did the Village, but
your concern here is the State.” Defense counsel conceded that the criminal case and the pension
case can co-exist “pursuant to the protections that my client’s entitled to under the Rule.” Counsel
suggested that “if they [the Village] can’t proceed without this information, they can come back
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Uand attempt after the trial to come over and disqualify my client; but again, I think that goes beyond
what your Honor would have direct jurisdiction over here.” The trial court asked how “the criminal
case was damaged. Defense counsel argued that there was a danger that the jury pool could have
been poisoned, but “the way it can be prevented is if in the information is retrieved by the State
and destroyed, the copies that were given the Village because again Rule 415 says—***.” Defense
counsel stated that he gave the Village notice and “[t]hey chose not to file and sort of—seek to file
any sort of reply or file a special appearance, judge, so I think they waived that.” The court asked
the State, “[t]hey are not here to contest, Mr. La Rue?” Assistant state’s attorney La Rue noted
that one of the attorneys for the Village of Fox Lake was in the courtroom and the court
commented, “[o]h, he’s hiding back there. All right, I will hear from the State.”
¶ 15 The State argued that the “State’s discovery comes from Fox Lake.” The State explained
that when the Major Crimes Task Force ended its investigation, the information was given to Fox
Lake and that “Fox Lake Village owns the discovery in this case.” The State noted that “even if
you were to take back everything, we gave to the Fox Lake attorneys, they still have it.” The State
explained that the protective order was “to ensure that none of the information related to the Task
Force investigation of Lieutenant Gliniewicz’s death was leaked to the press.” The State explained
that on August 4, 2016, the State requested that the pension matter be stayed because “[i]t may
prejudice the criminal case if you press forward.” The State noted that the defense opposed the
request for a stay of the pension proceedings. The court said it wanted to know the reason for that.
Defense counsel said, “[b]ecause my client has applied for a pension, judge; and she is entitled to
due process of that administrative hearing.” The State again noted that the “Fox Lake attorneys
already have this information. There is no damage whatsoever. They are aware of the protective
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Uorder. They haven’t disclosed anything.” The State maintained that there had been no violation
of Rule 415(c) or the protective order, and therefore there was “no basis for this motion.”
¶ 16 The trial court stated that it was not concerned about showing reports received in discovery
to an expert but was concerned about “poisoning of the jury pool.”
¶ 17 Defense counsel suggested that “[i]f they subpoenaed the material just to make sure they
have it already, that’s okay. Fine, they should have given us notice; but give us back the Bates
stamped copies then. We shouldn’t be looking in the pension case at Bates stamped material that
was tendered in discovery in this case.” The trial court announced that “even though there may be
a technical violation of the protective order, I do not see any damages incurred by the defense. In
other words, no sanctions, monetary sanctions will be imposed.” The court stated, “[h]owever, I
will require the Pension Board through their attorney, who is present, to return the Bates stamped
material to the State should any of that material not be included in the Fox Lake Police Department.
Only return the material that is not possessed by the Fox Lake Police Department.” Defense
counsel sought clarification, stating that “we also asked for relief the videos of the interrogation of
my client.” Defense counsel noted that the video was conducted at the Round Lake Police
Department. Assistant state’s attorney La Rue stated that the interrogation was part of the Task
Force. The trial court then said that it “did not want that material in possession of the Pension
Board *** or anyone not involved with the original generation of those videos and/or the State in
fears that that may be subject to FOIA and that may be disseminated before it is introduced in the
criminal case and thus somehow poison the jury pool.”
¶ 18 The State explained that everything from the Major Crimes Task Force investigation was
turned over to the Fox Lake Police Department, which then provided the information to the State.
The court then said that it was “extending that protective order to the Fox Lake Police Department,
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Uthe Pension Board, Pension Board attorneys, representatives, representatives of the Village, all
involved that not [sic] to disseminate any of the information contained therein.” The court stated,
“whatever was not in the possession of the police department shall be returned.” It said that the
“videotaped confessions” appeared to have been generated by another agency and should not have
been given to the Fox Lake Police Department. The State again explained that the Task Force
worked for an “individual police department” and did not retain evidence.
¶ 19 The trial court commented that it was “trying to prevent anything from—any damage from
occurring.” The court said there was “no need for sanctions” except to “extend that protective
order.” The court stated that “if there is a violation of that, in other words if they did not possess
anything before that protective order, then it should be returned, okay.”
¶ 20 The trial court asked defense counsel, “[a]re you happy with that, Mr. Morrison, Mr.
Smith?” 3 Mr. Morrison responded, “that videotape was never in the possession of Fox Lake as
far as I know.” Counsel said the Task Force or the FBI had it and “they gave it to the State as
discovery in this case.” The State again reminded the court that “everything goes to Fox Lake”
and that it went through Fox Lake “for everything.” The court stated, “[e]ven more, it shall not be
used in any way or shape or form.”
¶ 21 Defense counsel mentioned “how about the phone records that they just came up with?”
The court told the parties to “tailor the order” and to “work out details. Go over the evidence and
enumerate what shall be returned or what shall be kept. Both sides I want you to work on that.”
¶ 22 The court commented that “[i]f the pension case gets delayed, folks, it was the defendant
that initiated the case. It’s the defendant.” Assistant state’s attorney La Rue asked, “[s]hould we
3
Defendant is represented by Donald Morrison and Brian Smith.
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Uorder the pension be stayed then, too***?” The court noted that it did not have the power to stay
the pension proceedings, but said “I certainly have the power to say that no information that is
covered by protective order shall be aired during any hearings on the Pension Board.” The court
stated that “would include the defendant from testifying.” The trial court said it was “not granting
a stay” and “whether or not this amounts to a stay, it’s a different story.” Assistant state’s attorney
La Rue said it was inevitable that if defendant pressed forward with the pension case, information
from the criminal case would come out and “[d]efense is on notice that they cannot press forward
with the pension case.” Defense counsel Smith said, “that’s not true” and that the Village’s
objection to defendant’s pension application was a separate issue.
¶ 23 The trial court said that it could not predict the future but the “protective order, which you
came in to have it enforced today, is in full force and effect; and everybody should abide by it.”
This included “[t]he defendant, the defense attorneys, Village, Village attorneys, Pension Board,
Pension Board attorneys, everyone should be included.” The court then said, “[n]ow, sit down and
figure out what gets returned.”
¶ 24 On April 5, 2019, the Village of Fox Lake filed a 25-page motion for reconsideration of
the trial court’s March 5, 2019, bench ruling with respect to defendant’s motion for sanctions.
Attorneys for the Village filed limited appearances. In its motion the Village pointed out that
defendant had been warned that lifting the stay in the pension proceedings might compromise “her
constitutional rights to a fair trial and her Fifth Amendment protection against self-incrimination.”
The Village argued that after aggressively urging the Board to lift the stay and allow for full
discovery, “defendant has side-stepped the pension board and sought a court order that effectively
gags the Village and the pension board from hearing about evidence of her criminal misconduct”
that would curtail her ability to receive pension benefits.
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-U¶ 25 The Village’s motion to reconsider pointed out that it had taken steps to protect against
public dissemination of the investigation materials. With respect to FOIA requests the Village
took the position that the release of information “may taint the jury pool” and “impair defendant’s
right to a fair trial.”
¶ 26 The Village’s motion to reconsider argued that defendant had known about the subpoena
for the State’s discovery material since June 30, 2018, when the Village produced the material that
was Bates stamped. The Village argued that by failing to file a motion regarding the material
produced by the State in response to its subpoena defendant had “waived any argument to exclude
them in the pension proceedings.”
¶ 27 The Village also argued that it had not been notified that “it was being considered as a party
and/or was facing sanctions for violating the February 26, 2016, protective order.” It contended
that the trial court’s March 15, 2019, instructions, which had not yet been included in a written
order, were “improperly directed towards third parties that it did not have jurisdiction over, and
this criminal court [did] not have jurisdiction to quash a lawfully issued civil subpoena
approximately 16 months after it was served.” The Village also claimed that the “court’s gag order
[was] unconstitutional, especially as it relates to its ability to protect its interests before the pension
board.”
¶ 28 The Village argued that the trial court did not have personal jurisdiction over it because
there was no compliance with the statutory procedure for service of process on a governmental
corporation. It also asserted that it was never put on notice through a rule to show cause or any
other mechanism “for it to even appear in this forum.”
¶ 29 The Village contended that by aggressively urging the Pension Board to move forward on
defendant’s pension application, defendant had waived any challenge to the Village’s subpoena,
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Uregardless of any impact on her “criminal trial rights.” The Village also argued that the trial court’s
expansion of the protective order constitutes an unconstitutional “prior restraint” on speech. Next,
the Village argued that neither the State nor the Village violated the rules of discovery or the
protective order. The Village argued that the plain language of Supreme Court Rule 415(c) applied
to material “which an attorney receives in discovery.” The Village maintains that the protective
order, by its plain language, was directed to defense counsel. The Village noted that it was already
in possession of the Task Force reports and that any additional material supplied by the State in
response to its subpoena was not covered by the protective order, as the order covered only the
Task Force records. Finally, the Village argued that even if the protective order applied to the
State’s Attorney’s Offices, reports covered by the protective order can be disclosed by the State’s
Attorney in performance of official duties. Here the State responded to a subpoena issued by the
pension board that possesses quasi-judicial powers.
¶ 30 The Village filed a limited appearance to challenge the trial court’s jurisdiction and to
present its motion to reconsider as well as a motion for a rule to show cause against defendant. On
April 10, 2019, the matter was called. The trial court would not allow the Village to argue the
motions, stating “[i]f the State is presenting it, fine.”
¶ 31 The Village attorney noted that the Village “was also subject of the last order of March 5,
2019 with respect to discovery.” The trial court stated, “and that motion was argued by the State,
wasn’t it? And I may have directed some comments towards the Village expecting the Village to
comply with the order.” Counsel argued that the “Village has to be a party in order to comply with
an order.” The trial court disagreed, stating “Well, through the arm of the State, and the court has
jurisdiction to makes their orders effective.” Defense counsel, Mr. Morrison, stated that he
expected the court to rule on defendant’s motion regarding text messages and did not respond to
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Uthe arguments made by counsel for the Village. The trial court said, “[f]olks, I cannot recognize a
third party here. I’m sorry. It’s not a civil court.” The trial court asked whether the State was
“relinquishing their authority.” The State responded that the court did mention that the Village
“should have been able to appear for any order that affected them.” The court commented “[t]hey
can be present and here as they were the last time.” Counsel for the Village cited People v. Kelly,
397 Ill. App. 3d 232, 248 (2009), for the proposition that intervention would be an appropriate
vehicle when the court issues orders “against non-third parties.” The court again asked the State
if it was “relinquishing their authority” and commented “I’m not so sure I can do that.” The Village
offered to file a petition to intervene “right now.” Defense counsel objected, stating that “[i]f they
wanted to come and petition to intervene then they should have properly noticed up the petition to
intervene.” Defense counsel said that “they (the Village) need to properly notice up on a date other
than today, with proper notice, and we can go from there.” The court heard defendant’s “motion
in limine regarding text messages.” Following the hearing the court granted the motion and then
recessed to discuss scheduling with the attorneys. Following the recess, the court stated, “[w]e
have discussed a possible determination as to the Village’s intervention. The parties have assured
me that that [sic] may be resolved.”
¶ 32 On April 23, 2019, the State filed a motion to reconsider the court’s ruling on defendant’s
motion in limine regarding text messages. The parties waived argument on the motion, which was
continued to that afternoon so the court could read the motion. Assistant state’s attorney La Rue
indicated that the Village’s attorney was present and had “a petition to intervene.” The court
directed counsel to tender the petition to the clerk. Defense counsel, Mr. Morrison, objected,
stating “[w]e weren’t given any notice of it.” The court then said, “[o]kay. Then I will not allow
the filing.” The following exchange then took place:
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-U“MR. MORRISON: Thank you.
THE COURT: Give him notice.
MR. MORRISON: Thank you. See you at 1:30.
THE COURT: It’s a civil matter and I just don’t want to hear civil matters. Folks, I don’t
want to hear civil matters.
MR. MORRISON: Counsel, he just said you don’t have to leave to file. Why are you
approaching the clerk? He said to send proper notice.
THE COURT: Send notice, I said, like the civil court.
MR. DENHAM: Your honor, I went to the clerk to try to file it this morning. She said to
come up here to have it filed.
MR. MORRISON: He never sent us notice.
MR. DENHAM: I’m not trying to present it today. I’m just trying to file this today, your
Honor.
THE COURT: In order to file it, don’t you think if you ask leave of court to file it in open
court, that’s when you give notice to the other side; say, then and there I shall present myself and
seek leave to file the aforementioned appended, or make a reference to it, motion.
MR. MORRISON: Thank you Judge. See you at 1:30.
THE COURT: If they waive notice, it’s a different story.
MR. MORRISON: We don’t waive notice.”
¶ 33 The case was recalled at 1:30 p.m. on April 23, 2019. The court denied the State’s motion
to reconsider. Defense counsel then commented that the State, the Village and he had a meeting
in chambers the last time the case was on the call. Defense counsel informed the court that they
had been unable to come to an agreement. Counsel said that “defense does have an agreed order
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Uthat we think complies with this court’s ruling on March 5th, and we’re prepared to tender that to
the court for entry today.” The State responded by requesting that the protective order be
withdrawn. Defense counsel objected to the State’s request and noted that the reason the State
requested the protective order was primarily “to protect the sanctity of the death investigation, but
also at this point we have to think about defendant’s Sixth Amendment right to a fair trial.” The
trial court declined to grant the State’s request. When defense counsel tried to tender a written
order that “merely conforms with the transcripts” the trial court commented, “[m]y ruling is my
ruling. It stands. It’s transcribed and it’s in full force and effect.” Defense counsel was allowed
to read into the record defendant’s proposed order. The State objected to the proposed order,
stating that it believed the secondary effect would be to prevent other matters (the pension case)
from going forward. The trial court refused to enter defendant’s proposed order absent an
agreement, but then stated, “[t]hey don’t agree. And if there’s a violation, then bring it to my
attention.” The court said that it did not expect any violations but stressed the “court’s need to
enforce their own orders.” The case was continued to May 15, 2019, for a case management
conference.
¶ 34 On May 15, 2019, counsel for the Village argued that as a third party subject to the trial
court’s order, the Village had a right to intervene. The Village argued that the court’s ruling
“effectively ordered an injunction against the Village of Fox Lake” and that the Village was
seeking “reconsideration on that injunction.” The Village’s counsel said that the Village had no
problem staying the pension matter until after the criminal matter was resolved. Counsel argued
that defendant was using the criminal case to “undermine the Village’s case before the Pension
Board.” The Village expressed fear that the defendant was going to turn around and ask the
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-UPension Board for a pension without a full evidentiary hearing. Counsel noted that a full
evidentiary hearing was what defendant’s counsel had previously requested.
¶ 35 The trial court noted that it had no jurisdiction over the Pension Board. Defense counsel
stated, “[y]ou can’t stay the pension case.” He noted that defendant had not responded to writing
to the petition to intervene. The court indicated that defendant would be given 28 days to respond
to the motion to intervene. At that point, the assistant state’s attorney announced that it was about
to file a notice of appeal from the court’s order granting defendant’s motion in limine regarding
the text messages. The trial court stated “[e]verything will be at the appellate level” and that it
would not “hear anything,” including the petition to intervene.
¶ 36 On May 15, 2019, the Village filed a “Notice of Interlocutory Appeal” pursuant to Supreme
Court Rules 307 (a) and (b) (eff. Nov. 1, 2017).
¶ 37 II. ANALYSIS
¶ 38 We begin with an examination of our jurisdiction to hear this appeal. The Village appeals
from the trial court’s order following arguments on defendant’s motion for sanctions against the
State for violating the discovery protective order. “A court looks to the substance, not the form,
of an order to determine if it is injunctive in nature.” Skolnick v. Altheimer & Gray, 191 Ill. 2d
214, 221 (2000). Defendant does not contest the Village’s characterization of the order as an
injunction. “An injunction is a court order commanding or preventing an action.” In re Cons.
Objection to Tax Levies, 193 Ill. App. 3d 490, 498 (2000). The trial court’s ruling extending the
protective order forbade the Village from using any evidence of defendant’s alleged criminal
conduct in the pension proceeding until the criminal case was concluded. The trial court also
required the return of the materials furnished to the Village in response to a lawfully issued
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Usubpoena by the Board. We clearly have jurisdiction to entertain the Village’s appeal under
Supreme Court Rule 307 (a)(1) (eff. Nov. 1, 2017).
¶ 39 Defendant argues that the Village’s appeal is “from an order of the circuit court announced
on March 5, 2019” and because the notice of appeal was filed on May 15, 2019, the appeal is
untimely. We disagree. At the March 5th proceeding, after extending the protective order, the
court ordered the parties to “sit down and figure out what gets returned” and to “work on the order
for today, so I can perfect that order.” The trial court clearly did not enter an order on March 5,
2019. Illinois Supreme Court Rule 271 (eff. Jan. 1, 2018) provides that “[w]hen the court rules on
a motion other than in the course of trial, the attorney for the prevailing party shall prepare and
present to the court the order or judgment to be entered unless the court directs otherwise.”
Defense counsel did not tender a written order to the trial court until April 23, 2019. Supreme
Court Rule 271 applies to criminal appeals. People v. Harper, 2012 IL App (4th) 110880, ¶ 18.
On April 23, 2019, when the court refused to enter the order proposed by Mr. Morrison, the court
stated that its ruling “is my ruling. It stands. It’s transcribed and it’s in full force and effect.” Like
in Harper, these comments by the trial court fall under Rule 271’s language “unless the court
directs otherwise.” Id. ¶ 20. The purpose of the rule providing for a written order is to fix precisely
the date of the order for purposes of appeal. See Just Pants v. Wagner, 247 Ill. App. 3d 166, 175
(1993) (interpreting Rule 272). The time for filing a notice of appeal therefore begins on April 23,
2019. The Village filed its notice of appeal on May 15, 2019, well “within the 30 days from the
entry of the interlocutory order.” Supreme Court Rule 307(a).
¶ 40 A. Pension Board Records
¶ 41 The material in the record from the Pension Board proceedings were filed on April 5, 2019
in the trial court along with affidavits of Village attorney Paul Denham and Village Manager Ann
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-UMarrin. On appeal, defendant argues that Mr. Denham’s affidavit should be stricken “on both
foundational and ethical grounds.” Defendant did not object to the submission of the Pension
Board records in the trial court. Forfeiture aside, we may take judicial notice of the Pension Board
records and transcripts as they are public records. Illinois Rule of Evidence 2.01(c) (a court may
take judicial notice, whether requested or not); Finish Line Exp. Inc. v. City of Chicago, 72 Ill. 2d
131, 136 (1978) (motion to strike references to Legislative Investigating Commission Report “is
denied”). The Village points out that the purpose of the Denham affidavit and the Board records
is to correct the record with respect to the arguments made by defendant in the trial court vis a vis
the arguments made by defendant before the Board. The Village points out that defendant does
not dispute the “description or contents of the documents.” We take judicial notice of the
arguments before the Board as well as the Board’s decision to grant as well as lift the stays. Lynch
v. City of Waukegan, 363 Ill. App. 3d 1078, 1085 (2006) (a court may take judicial notice of a
prior administrative decision).
¶ 42 B. Standing
¶ 43 Defendant argues in her response brief that the Village lacks standing to intervene or bring
this appeal. As our Supreme Court explained in In re A Minor, (1989):
¶ 44 “An injunction has been defined as a ‘prohibitive, equitable remedy issued by or granted
by a court at the suit of a party complainant, directed to a party defendant in the action, or to a
party made a defendant for that purpose, forbidding the latter to do some act ***which he is
threatening or attempting to commit,’ or more simply as ‘a judicial process operating in personam
and requiring [a] person to whom it is directed to do or refrain from doing a particular thing.’” Id.
at 261 (quoting Black’s Dictionary 705 (5th Ed. 1983).
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-U¶ 45 During the hearing before the Pension Board on the motion to lift the stay the Village
argued that if the stay was lifted it “would have to try that criminal case here which would require
many witnesses and many days of testimony.” There is no question that the trial court’s order
required the Village to refrain from presenting evidence of defendant’s alleged criminal conduct
in the Pension Board proceedings. As such, the Village properly exercised its right to appeal under
Supreme Court Rule 307(a).
¶ 46 Defendant also argues that because the Village filed both a motion to reconsider and a
petition to intervene that have not been ruled on “the matter is not ripe for appeal.” Defendant
cites no authority for this argument; as such the argument is forfeited. Ill. S. Ct. R. 341(h)(7) (eff.
May 25, 2018); People v. Oglesby, 2016 IL App (1st) 141477, ¶ 213.
¶ 47 C. Trial Court’s Jurisdiction
¶ 48 The Village argues that the trial court lacked personal jurisdiction over it by defendant’s
failure to comply with its statutory procedures for service of process on a governmental
corporation. People v. Echenique, 224 Ill. App. 3d 388, 392 (1991); 735 ILCS 5/2-211 (service
on public municipal, governmental and quasi-municipal corporations).
¶ 49 Defendant argues that the Village waived all objections to the trial court’s jurisdiction over
it by filing its’ motion to reconsider on April 5, 2010, which addressed the merits. In support of
this contention she cites to section 2-301 of the Code of Civil Procedure (Code). 735 ILCS 5/2-
301 (a-6) (West 2018). Defendant claims that by taking affirmative action dealing with the
substantive issues the Village submitted itself to the jurisdiction of the court.
¶ 50 A reviewing court reviews de novo the question of whether a trial court acquired personal
jurisdiction over a litigant. TCA International, Inc. v. B&B Custom Auto, 299 Ill. App. 3d 522,
531 (1998). Service on a village may be acquired “by leaving a copy***with the president of the
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Uboard of trustees or village clerk***.” 735 ILCS 5/2-211 (West 2018). It is undisputed that
defendant did not strictly comply with section 2-211 of the Code. However, challenges to personal
jurisdiction may be waived. We agree with defendant that by filing a detailed motion to reconsider
the trial court’s order on the merits, without first filing a motion challenging the court’s
jurisdiction, the Village waived its objection to the sufficiency of process. 735 ILCS 5/2-301 (a-
6) (West 2018).
¶ 51 D. Supreme Court Rule 415
¶ 52 Supreme Court Rule 415(g) (eff. Oct. 1, 1971) provides that trial courts with the discretion
to impose sanctions if a “party has failed to comply with an applicable discovery rule or an order
issued pursuant thereto.” The court “may order such party to permit the discovery of material and
information not previously disclosed, grant a continuance, exclude such evidence, or enter such
other order as it deems just under the circumstances.”
¶ 53 In this case, defendant alleged that the State violated Supreme Court rule 415(c) as well as
Judge Rosetti’s protective order when it responded to the Village’s subpoena in the pension
proceeding. The Village argues that the plain language of Rule 415(c) and the protective order
demonstrate that the State violated neither Rule 415(c) nor the protective order. The parties’
arguments require us to interpret Rule 415(c). We interpret a supreme court rule in the same
manner as a statute; that is to ascertain and to give effect to the drafter’s intent. Roth v. Illinois
Farmers Insurance Co., 202 Ill. 2d 490, 493 (2002). The best indication of the drafter’s intent is
the ruler’s language, given its plain and ordinary meaning. Id. at 493. Where the language is
clear, it is to be applied as written; however, if the language is susceptible to multiple
interpretations, the court may look beyond the language to consider the rule’s purpose. Reda v.
Advocate Healthcare, 199 Ill. 2d 47, 55 (2002). A court should not interpret a rule in a manner
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Uthat would lead to consequences that are absurd, convenient or unjust. McMahon v. Industrial
Commission, 183 Ill. 2d 499, 513-14 (1998). Rule 415(c) provides that “[a]ny materials furnished
to an attorney pursuant to these rules shall remain in his exclusive custody and be used only for
purposes of conducting his side of the case, and shall be subject to such other terms and conditions
as the court may provide.” (Emphasis added.) Ill. S. Ct. R. 415(c) (eff. Oct. 1, 1971). The language
of Rule 415(c) refers to “material which an attorney receives” in discovery, not to material acquired
by an attorney while conducting his or her own side of the case. Committee comments to Rule
415(c). “The purpose of Rule 415(c) is to prevent pre-trial discovery from becoming ‘matters of
public availability once they had been turned over to counsel.” (Emphasis added.) People v.
Savage, 361 Ill. App. 3d 750, 760 (2005). As defendant freely admits, she has yet to file an answer
to discovery so none of the material provided by the State in response to the Pension Board
subpoena was covered by Rule 415(c).
¶ 54 The State’s Attorney received the materials from the task force and other agencies that
conducted the investigation of Joe’s death and subsequent financial investigation. The record also
shows that the State and the Village were well aware that public dissemination of the facts
surrounding defendant’s alleged criminal conduct prior to the criminal trial could affect
defendant’s right to a fair trial. It was the defendant who moved to lift the stay and go forward
with the pension proceedings knowing that the Village would seek to introduce evidence of
defendant’s alleged criminal conduct. We note that defendant has not alleged that either the State
or the Village attorneys violated either Illinois Rules of Professional Conduct 3.6 or 3.8 governing
extrajudicial statements of attorneys that might pose a threat to the fairness of defendant’s criminal
trial. The State did not violate Supreme Court Rule 415(c).
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-U¶ 55 The protective order was clearly directed to defense counsel upon receipt of the State’s
answer to discovery. The order was entered on the State’s motion and provided that the records
shall be made available to defense counsel and remain in counsel’s “exclusive custody and be used
only for the purposes of conducting counsel’s side of the case.” The order provided that “defendant
personally may review the discovered materials” and that the “cost of making duplicates of reports
shall be borne by the defendant, unless otherwise ordered by the court.” The State did not violate
the protective order by complying with the Village’s subpoena.
¶ 56 The purpose of the Supreme Court’s “discovery rules are to prevent surprise or unfair
advantage by either party and to aid in the search for the truth.” People v. Turner, 367 Ill. App.
3d 490, 499 (2006). Sanctions should be used to “accomplish the purposes of discovery, not to
punish the offending party, and the imposition therof should not encroach on a party’s right to a
fair trial.” Id. In this case there was no offending party, thus the trial court erred in ordering the
State to return the Bates stamped material and the recording of defendant’s conversations with the
police.
¶ 57 E. Gag Order
¶ 58 The trial court’s order precluding the Village from presenting evidence of defendant’s
alleged criminal conduct before the Pension Board interferes with the Board’s exclusive original
subject matter jurisdiction to hear and determine the merits of defendant’s application. People ex
rel. Madigan v. Burge, 2014 IL 115635, ¶¶ 32-37. “A board’s exclusive authority to control the
pension fund and disability payments also includes the power to conduct the hearings and the
discretion to decide who can participate in those hearings and to what extent.” Village of Alsip v.
Portincaso, 2017 IL App (1st) 15316, ¶ 16. While the Village waived its objection to personal
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-Ujurisdiction, subject matter jurisdiction may not be waived. The trial court lacked subject matter
jurisdiction to restrict the presentation of evidence before the Board.
¶ 59 F. Waiver
¶ 60 The Village argues that defendant waived any challenges to its’ subpoena by aggressively
urging the Pension Board “to move forward with deliberating on her pension application before
this criminal matter is resolved.” We decline to rule on this argument as the Pension Board has
original jurisdiction over the pension proceedings.
¶ 61 While we decline to rule on waiver, we note that defendant cannot look to the circuit court
in order to “obtain findings and opinions to affect, control or guide the outcome of the proceedings
before the administrative body.” Goodwin v. McHenry County Sheriff’s Office Merit Commission,
306 Ill. App. 3d 251, 256 (1999). In Goodwin, the plaintiff filed a complaint for declaratory and
injunctive relief against the Merit Commission. The trial court ordered the Merit Commission to
stay the disciplinary proceedings until the disposition of the criminal case pending against the
plaintiff. The Sheriff appealed. The plaintiff argued that the trial court ruled properly because her
“due process rights would be violated if the disciplinary charges were allowed to proceed before
the Merit Commission, which plaintiff claimed was not an impartial tribunal. This court rejected
the plaintiff’s argument, finding that the plaintiff failed to exhaust the administrative remedies that
were available. Id at 255. We noted that “[t]he fact that there are clear indications that the
administrative agency will rule adversely is generally insufficient to abort the administrative
process. Id. at 256 (citing Ellison v. Kane County Sheriff’s Office Merit Commission, 108 Ill. App.
3d 1065, 1067 (1982)). “Where the Administrative Review Law is applicable and provides a
remedy, a circuit court may not redress a party’s grievances through any other type of action.”
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2019 IL App (2d) 190401-U(Emphasis added.) County of Knox ex rel. Mastorson v. Highlands LLC, 188 Ill. 2d 546, 551-52
(1999).
¶ 62 Like in Goodwin, the fear that defendant’s right to a fair trial might be jeopardized is
insufficient to abort the administrative process before the Pension Board. As the Village points
out, “the Village is actually a party in the Pension proceedings and would have a full opportunity
to be heard in response to such a motion.”
¶ 63 Finally, we recognize the trial court’s legitimate concern for defendant’s Sixth Amendment
right to a fair trial. However, as the Village points out, the concern over the potential prejudice to
the criminal case was addressed and remedied by the Board when it issued the stay. Again, the
stay was lifted on defendant’s motion.
¶ 64 III. CONCLUSION
¶ 65 For the reasons stated above, the trial court’s order entered pursuant to defendant’s motion
for discovery sanctions is reversed in its entirety.
¶ 66 The judgment of the circuit court of Lake County is reversed.
¶ 67 Reversed.
¶ 68
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