Conover v. Cooper , 83 Ind. App. 675 ( 1924 )

In this action, the appellants, as plaintiffs, sought a judgment against appellee Alfred Cooper for money alleged to have been loaned to him, and to have a certain deed, executed by said Cooper and his wife, Anna Cooper, to appellee James H. Caldwell set aside as having been executed in fraud of the rights of creditors. There was an answer in denial, also a counterclaim by the appellee Alfred Cooper which was answered by a denial. The issues thus formed were tried by the court and there was a finding for the appellees as to the issues tendered by said complaint, and a finding for the appellants as to the issues made upon said counterclaim, and judgment was rendered accordingly. The alleged errors relied upon are: (a) Overruling appellants' application for a special judge; and (b) overruling their motion for a new trial. We shall first notice the error last assigned.

The reasons for a new trial assigned in this case are, that the decision of the court was not sustained by sufficient evidence, and that it was contrary to law. These reasons 1, 2. necessarily, for their validity, in this case, rest upon the evidence. The record in this case discloses the following facts concerning the so-called bill of exceptions containing the evidence herein. Appellants' motion for a new trial was overruled September 5, 1923, and the record does not disclose that at that time the appellants asked for or were given time beyond that term of court within which to present bills of exceptions. The record further discloses that the so-called bill of exceptions was presented to the trial judge for his examination and approval on March 3, 1924, and was, on that date, signed by the trial judge and filed in the office of the clerk of said court, as being a part of the record herein. The motion for a new trial having been overruled at the September term of said court and the said bill of exceptions not having been presented to the trial judge until long after that term of court had closed, it necessarily follows, in this case, that the same was filed without any authority of law in that behalf, and that the same is not therefore a part of the record herein. Tozer,Admr., v. Hobbs' Estate (1923), 79 Ind. App. 258, 137 N.E. 715; Wilson v. Kester (1915), 59 Ind. App. 471. It therefore follows that no question is presented as to any alleged error in overruling said motion for a new trial.

As to the next assigned error, the record discloses that the motion for a new trial was filed on May 19, 1923, which was at the March term of said court. On September 3-5. 3, 1923, the appellants filed their application for the appointment of a special judge, which said application, omitting formal parts, was, as set forth in appellants' brief herein, as follows: "The plaintiffs in the above entitled cause call attention to the fact that an issue of law was made by the filing of a motion for a new trial in this cause on May 19, 1923, since which time more than 90 days have elapsed and the court has not determined that issue. And the plaintiffs make this application for the appointment of a special judge as provided for by law, 1923 Acts, 254." The foregoing application was duly signed by counsel and presented to the court, which, on September 5, 1923, overruled the same, and on the same day overruled said motion for a new trial.

The appellants insist that under the provisions of said act (Acts 1923, ch. 83, p. 254) they were entitled to have a special judge appointed to rule upon their said motion for a new trial and that the action of the trial court in denying their said application was prejudicial error. Conceding, for the purpose of this decision only, that said act is broad enough, and was intended to include such cases as the instant one, and also assuming that said legislation is valid, yet, we cannot concur in the contention of the appellants. Before a matter, such as the instant one, should be taken out of the hands of a trial judge, it should clearly appear that he was in default in regards to such matter. The language of the proviso in § 1 of said act (the proviso of which appellants are claiming the benefit) is as follows: "Provided, that if the judge shall fail to determine any issue of law or fact which has been taken under advisement within ninety (90) days after having taken the same underadvisement, upon written application of any of the parties to the action or their attorneys of record * * * the submission of said issue shall thereupon be withdrawn, and the judge before whom said cause is pending shall be disqualified to hear or determine any of the issues in said cause and a special judge shall be appointed to take jurisdiction thereof, * * *." (Our italics.) This language clearly implies that the matter in question shall have been: (a) Submitted to the trial judge; and (b) that such judge shall have taken thesame under advisement. It is fundamental that a party who is seeking to avail himself of some special right, given him by statute, must clearly bring himself within the terms or provisions of such statute, and with this fundamental rule in mind, we shall examine said application.

It nowhere appears therein when, if at all, said motion for a new trial was submitted to the court, and if the same had never been submitted, it could hardly be said that the court was 6. holding the same under advisement; it does not affirmatively appear from said application that the fact that a motion for a new trial had been filed was ever even called to the attention of the trial judge. Under the provision of the statute in question, it will be noted that the said statute does not make it a ground for the appointment of a special judge that a "motion" or "demurrer" shall remain upon the docket of the court undisposed of, for more than ninety days, and to uphold appellants' contention in this case, upon this record, we would be compelled to give said statute such construction. A "motion," or "demurrer," might be filed and noted upon the docket of the court, and yet the judge have no actual knowledge of the fact, and to hold that such a state of affairs would entitle a party to a change of judge, would open the way for imposition upon the court. We are not unmindful of the purpose of the statute in question, and would not, by judicial construction, so weaken it as to render its provisions of no effect, nevertheless, when a demurrer or a motion raising an issue of law is filed, the matter should be called to the attention of the judge, so that it may at once have his attention, either for argument, or submission for decision. This is but fair to the court and we cannot think that the legislature could have intended otherwise. These things may all have been done in this case, but if so, said application does not reveal it.

No error has been presented, and the judgment is affirmed.