In the Interest of E.W., Minor Child ( 2023 )

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA
No. 22-1819
Filed February 22, 2023
IN THE INTEREST OF E.W.,
Minor Child,
D.W., Father,
Appellant.
________________________________________________________________
Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Polk County, Romonda D. Belcher,
District Associate Judge.
A father appeals a permanency order entered in a child-in-need-of-
assistance proceeding. AFFIRMED.
Joel E. Fenton of the Law Offices of Joel E. Fenton, PLC, Des Moines, for
appellant father.
Brenna Bird, Attorney General, and Mary A. Triick, Assistant Attorney
General, for appellee State.
Bo Bradley Woolman, Des Moines, attorney and guardian ad litem for minor
child.
Considered by Tabor, P.J., Schumacher, J., and Doyle, *S.J.
*Senior judge assigned by order pursuant to Iowa Code section 602.9206
(2023).
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DOYLE, Senior Judge.
A father appeals a permanency order entered in a child-in-need-of-
assistance (CINA) proceeding. The child was born in 2017. The child’s parents
were divorced in 2020. The decree granted the parents joint legal custody. The
decree also awarded the mother physical care of the child and the father visitation.
The child was adjudicated CINA in October 2021 based on allegations of sexual
abuse by the father. We affirmed the adjudication on appeal. In re E.W., No. 21-
1736, 2022 WL 951082, at *1 (Iowa Ct. App. Mar. 30, 2022). When the problems
the case permanency plan sought to address persisted one year later, the juvenile
court changed the permanency goal from reunification to place the child in the
mother’s sole custody and authorized concurrent jurisdiction with the district court.
We review permanency orders de novo. See In re J.S., 846 N.W.2d 36, 40 (Iowa
2014).
I. Permanency.
The father first contests the juvenile court’s permanency finding. He asks
for more time to address and resolve the issues that led to the child’s removal and
argues he did not receive an adequate psychological evaluation. Under Iowa Code
section 232.104(2)(b) (2022), the court can continue a child’s placement for six
months if it will eliminate the need for removal. But first, the court must “enumerate
the specific factors, conditions, or expected behavioral changes which comprise
the basis for the determination that the need for removal of the child from the child’s
home will no longer exist at the end of the additional six-month period.” Iowa Code
§ 232.104(2)(b).
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The father’s argument focuses on the results of two psychological
evaluations: a psychosocial evaluation conducted in June and July 2022 and a
psychosexual evaluation conducted in August 2022. The psychosocial evaluation
revealed that the father “presented himself in a positive light by denying some
minor faults and shortcomings that most people acknowledge” and made “an effort
to present a socially acceptable appearance or a resistance to admitting personal
shortcomings.” Testing for the psychosexual evaluation resulted in scores that are
statistically improbable, meaning that the father “provided little or no information
for the reporting on his sexual problems, emotional characteristics, social history,
behavioral history, sex knowledge or sex interests and history.” The summary of
the psychosexual evaluation states that the father “was not only deceptive, but
highly deceptive, with an uncooperative response set,” which compromised any
results that could be useful. The father’s deception during both evaluations led the
evaluator to question his “true attitude towards any intervention and his
cooperation/willingness to fully complete recommendations offered to him.”
The father complains that the evaluation results were inadequate because
the evaluator did not make recommendations about custody and visitation. He
argues more time is needed to ensure he receives an adequate evaluation before
the court makes a permanency finding.1 We disagree. The results of the
1 The State addresses this part of the father’s argument as a challenge to the
reasonable efforts made to return the child home. See Iowa Code § 232.102(7)
(requiring that the State “make every reasonable effort to return the child to the
child’s home as quickly as possible consistent with the best interests of the child”).
If this issue is considered as raised on appeal, we concur with the juvenile court
that the Iowa Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) has made
reasonable efforts at reunification.
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psychosocial and psychosexual evaluations simply reflect the overall record, which
shows the father is unwilling to cooperate with services aimed at addressing the
sexual-abuse allegations against him. The allegations resulted in a founded child
abuse assessment and justify the child’s removal and the CINA adjudication, which
this court affirmed on appeal. Yet the father denies abusing the child, does not
believe the child made any statements about abuse, and claims the DHHS made
up the allegations. Although the father participates in therapy, it does not focus on
the sexual-abuse allegations:
Q. What sort of steps or services have you been enrolled in to
prevent future sexual abuse from [the child]? A. None. I’m not a
sexual abuser.
Q. So is it your testimony today that you have not worked on
the main adjudicatory reason we are here today? A. I have no issue.
....
Q. Has he [the therapist] worked with you on the specific
allegations of sexual abuse in this case? A. Not directly because he
doesn’t believe it happened either.
Q. So what kinds of things are you working on with him?
A. How to get through daily life with not thinking about alcohol and
focusing on how am I going to get my daughter back.
Q. So you focus on how to get your daughter back, but the
issue of the sexual abuse allegations [is] not part of that equation?
A. Because it didn’t happen.
When testifying at the permanency hearing, the father avoided stating the nature
of the allegations against him.2
2Although it was not the focus of the CINA proceedings, the father admitted he is
an alcoholic. Yet the father’s testimony shows the same pattern of minimizing and
evading about his alcohol abuse that the psychological testing detected:
Q. Okay. And you admit that when you become intoxicated,
you often become hostile, are easily triggered; correct? A. I can.
Q. Okay. Sometimes throwing things and breaking stuff?
A. It’s in the past.
Q. And you struggle with impulsive behaviors; is that correct?
A. I guess I don’t understand the question, impulsive behaviors.
Q. Do you act on impulse? A. Rarely.
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For over one year, the father has not worked to resolve the issues that led
to the child’s removal. There is no basis for finding a six-month delay in
permanency will eliminate the need for that removal. In re B.H.A., 938 N.W.2d
227, 233 (Iowa 2020) (stating that insight into what the future holds can be gained
from evidence of a parent’s past performance). Because the statutory criteria for
delaying permanency have not been met, we affirm the entry of the permanency
order transferring the child to the mother’s sole custody.
II. Concurrent Jurisdiction.
The father also contests the juvenile court’s grant of concurrent jurisdiction.
See Iowa Code § 232.3 (stating that the juvenile court has exclusive jurisdiction
over custody, guardianship, or placement of a child involved in a CINA proceeding
but may authorize concurrent jurisdiction in another court). We note that the
father’s attorney asked the court to grant concurrent jurisdiction at the May 2022
dispositional review hearing: “I’ve had sufficient time to discuss that with my client,
and he’s in agreement with concurrent jurisdiction being granted.” Although the
father had a new attorney at the next review hearing in August, he remained “in
agreement with the recommendations and what’s contained in the case plan,
including concurrent jurisdiction.” The father changed his position at the October
permanency hearing to argue against concurrent jurisdiction. His argument
intertwined with his request for more time:
[I]t has been difficult in this case regarding figuring out what exactly
the expectations are from my client because of staffing issues and
And despite admitting to the problem, the father made little progress with his
alcohol abuse in the year since the CINA adjudication with the father admitting he
drank alcohol the week of the permanency hearing and had not attended an
Alcoholics Anonymous meeting in three weeks.
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whatnot with the Department, but I feel like now we’ve got a new
worker in place who should be able to utilize the time granted or
hopefully granted by the Court in order to resolve these issues and
these ambiguities that are present in the record right now. So I’m
formally asking the Court to grant us the six-month extension to allow
for all these services to take place. We’d certainly revisit the issue
of concurrent jurisdiction at some point during that interval, but right
now I think it’s premature.
On appeal, the father contends concurrent jurisdiction is not in the child’s
best interest. See In re R.G., 450 N.W.2d 823, 825 (Iowa 1990) (holding that the
juvenile court has the discretion to authorize concurrent jurisdiction when doing so
is in the child’s best interest). He again notes that he asked for more time to
receive additional services but the court granted concurrent jurisdiction instead,
which he believes will result in “spirited litigation that will only complicate and
prolong matters in another forum.”
In granting concurrent jurisdiction, the juvenile court found the father and
the child have a bond. Based on that bond, the court did not believe terminating
the father’s parental rights is in the child’s best interest. But because of the
unresolved allegations of sexual abuse against the father, the child could not be
placed in his care. The court determined the child’s best interest are served by
transferring the child to the mother’s sole custody. See Iowa Code
§ 232.104(2)(d)(1) (allowing the juvenile court to enter a permanency order
transferring sole custody of the child from one parent to another if the child cannot
be returned home but termination of the parent-child relationship is not in the
child’s best interest). By granting concurrent jurisdiction, the mother can seek
modification of the dissolution decree to place the child in her sole custody. The
mother and the father can litigate the question of what visitation or interaction with
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the father would be in the child’s best interest. Until those issues are resolved,
concurrent jurisdiction allows the juvenile court to ensure the child’s best interests
and safety needs are met. We find no abuse of discretion.
AFFIRMED.