Lee Brown v. Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections ( 2020 )

STATE OF LOUISIANA
COURT OF APPEAL
FIRST CIRCUIT
NUMBER 2019 CA 0853
LEE BROWN
VERSUS
LOUISIANA DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY
AND CORRECTIONS
Judgment Rendered: FEB 2 12020
Appealed from the
Nineteenth Judicial District Court
In and for the Parish of East Baton Rouge
State of Louisiana
Docket Number 666577
Honorable Timothy Kelley, Judge Presiding
Lee Brown In Proper Person, Plaintiff/Appellant,
Angie, LA Lee Brown
Debra A. Rutledge Counsel for Defendant/Appellee,
Baton Rouge, LA Louisiana Department of Public
Safety and Corrections
BEFORE: WHIPPLE, C.J., GUIDRY, AND BURRIS', JJ.
Honorable William J. Burris, retired, is serving as judge pro tempore by special
appointment of the Louisiana Supreme Court.
WHIPPLE, C.J.
This case is before us on appeal by plaintiff, Lee Brown, from a judgment of
the district court dismissing his petition for judicial review. For the reasons that
follow, we affirm.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
Brown is an inmate sentenced to the custody of the Louisiana Department of
Public Safety and Corrections ( the Department). He is currently confined at the
Rayborn Correctional Center in Angie, Louisiana. On June 15, 2005, Brown was
arrested for two counts of oral sexual battery in violation of LSA-R.S. 14: 43. 1
Livingston Parish docket numbers 502, 592 and 603, 783). On October 30, 2007,
21St
pursuant to a plea agreement in the Twenty -First Judicial District Court ( JDC),
Brown was sentenced to serve two, consecutive ten-year sentences without the
benefit of probation, parole, or suspension of sentence for each felony charge. He
has been held in continuous custody since his initial arrest. As such, the record
shows, and the Department admits, that Brown served 867 days in parish prison
prior to sentencing.
At some point thereafter, Brown filed a Motion to Correct Illegal Sentence
in the 21 St JDC, claiming his initial Commitment Order did not give him credit for
time served in accordance with LSA-C.Cr.P. art. 880.2 On October 24, 2017,
Brown appeared in front of Judge Jeffrey S. Johnson at the 21St JDC on this
motion.
The minutes from this hearing state that the court ordered that " the
defendant is to be given credit for any and all time served from the first date of
arrest, on these charges, up and through today' s date for each and every day that
the defendant has actually served." Then, on November 13, 2017, Judge Johnson
signed two Amended Commitment Orders, one for each docket number, which
2Brown' s motion is not contained in the record herein and thus, it is unclear when the
motion was actually filed. However, the motion is referenced in both the 19th JDC' s
Commissioner' s Report and the 21St JDC' s court minutes.
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state that Brown was to be given credit for time served pursuant to LSA-C. Cr.P.
art. 880 and, under the comment section, that he " is to be given credit for any and
all time served from the first date of arrest, on this charge, up and through today' s
date for each and every day that the defendant actually served."
However, in the meantime, on November 7, 2017, Brown instituted
Administrative Remedy Procedures ( ARP) No. RCC -2017- 837. In his ARP
request, Brown essentially contended that the Amended Commitment Orders from
the 21' JDC awarded him double time, giving him approximately twelve years and
four months of additional credit towards each ten-year sentence. In its response,
the Department noted that Brown had previously filed a different ARP wherein the
Department had previously awarded him jail credit on each docket number for the
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867 days he served prior to his sentencing. Additionally, the response stated that
jail credit is earned from the arrest date until the imposition of the sentence and
that, due to the nature of his offense, Brown' s sentence was to serve flat time such
that he was not entitled to any further diminution of his sentence.' Accordingly,
the Department concluded that Brown was not entitled to any more credits than he
was already given.
Brown then filed a Motion to Compel Enforcement of Court Order, which
was granted on December 15, 2017 and ordered the Department to comply with the
Amended Commitment Orders previously signed by the court. Thereafter, Brown
filed another ARP, No. RCC -2018- 13, wherein he relied on the Motion and Order
to Compel Enforcement of Court Order to again request that the Department award
3A set forth in a letter to Brown from Carolyn Wade, ARDC Supervisor for Rayborn
Correctional Center, she states that in response to ARP No. RCC -2017- 502, Brown was given
credit for time served on docket number 603, 783 and he was already given credit for time served
on docket number 502, 592. However, the record before us does not contain ARP No. RCC -
2017 -502.
4See LSA-R.S. 15: 538.
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him additional jail credits. This ARP was rejected for being repetitive to ARP No.
RCC 2
- 017- 837.
There are numerous letters in the record wherein Brown alleges that the
Department should have awarded him credit of approximately twelve years and
four months to each of his ten-year sentences due to the Amended Commitment
Orders signed by Judge Johnson. After the Department again refused to credit him
with any additional time in ARP No. RCC 2018- 13, Brown filed a petition for
judicial review in the Nineteenth Judicial District Court ( 19th JDC) pursuant to
LSA-R.S. 15: 1177( A).5 In accordance with the screening provisions of LSA—R.S.
15: 1178, Brown' s petition was assigned to a commissioner at the 19' JDC to be
reviewed.'
Through his petition, Brown sought a court order compelling the department
to comply with the 21s' JDC' s order from December 15, 2017, and to essentially
order his immediate release from incarceration. The Department answered and
alleged that the matter was moot because ARP No. RCC -2018- 13 was identical to
ARP No. RCC -2017- 837 and the Department had already granted him the jail
credits to which he was entitled.
After reviewing the record and holding a status conference, the
Commissioner recommended that the administrative decision be affirmed and that
the request for judicial review be dismissed with prejudice. Following a de novo
review of the record, including the traversal by Brown and the Commissioner' s
5According to the Commissioner' s Report, Brown initially filed two petitions for judicial
review. The first petition, filed in response to ARP No. RCC 2017- 837, was given docket
number 668, 704. The second petition, filed in response to ARP No. 2018- 13, was given docket
number 666, 577. The Commissioner, Kina Kimble, recommended that the suits be consolidated,
and an order was subsequently signed ordering the consolidation.
6The office of commissioner of the Nineteenth Judicial District Court was created by
LSA—R.S. 13: 711 to hear and recommend disposition of criminal and civil proceedings arising
out of the incarceration of state prisoners. LSA—R.S. 13: 713( A). The commissioner' s written
findings and recommendations are submitted to a district court judge, who may accept, reject, or
modify them. LSA—R.S. 13: 713( C)( 5); see Martinez v. Tanner, 2011- 0692 ( La. App. 1st Cir.
11/ 9/ 11), 79 So. 3d 1082, 1084 n.3, writ denied, 2011- 2732 ( La. 7/ 27/ 12), 93 So. 3d 597. OR See
LSA- R.S. 13: 711 and 713.
M
Report, the district court maintained the Department' s decision, dismissing
Brown' s suit with prejudice.
Brown then filed the instant appeal of the district court' s judgment,
assigning the following as error:'
1. The 19th JDC committed error when it upheld the Department' s refusal to
credit him with specified credits through its misapplication of established
law and jurisprudence in violation of his Due Process rights, as provided in
Louisiana' s Constitution Article 1 § 2;
2. The 191 JDC committed error when it reached beyond the record to
determine the sentencing judge' s intent, absent any discrepancy between the
sentencing minutes, Commitment Orders, and the Order to Compel
Enforcement of Court Order in violation of the statutory limitations
prescribed in LSA-R.S. 15: 1177( A)(5) and the Due Process Clause of
Louisiana' s Constitution; and
3. The 19' JDC committed error when it dismissed the Petition for Judicial
Review without addressing his request to stay the proceedings pending the
production of documents that the Commissioner used to support her
recommendation for denial, in violation of the Appellant' s right to Due
Process Clause rights under Louisiana' s Constitution.
DISCUSSION
Jail Credits
Under the Corrections Administrative Remedy Procedure ( CARP), LSA-
R.S. 15: 1171, et seq., judicial review of an adverse decision by the Department is
Although Brown' s brief does not contain an assignment of error section, he nonetheless
identified and briefed three issues for review. As such, because appeals are favored under the
law and Brown substantially complied with the Uniform Rules of the Louisiana Courts of
Appeal, we will consider those issues on review as though they were correctly designated as
assignments of error. See Uniform Rules, Courts of Appeal, Rule 2- 12. 4; see also Reed v. Reed,
92- 1206 ( La. App. 1St Cir. 10/ 15/ 93), 626 So. 2d 12, 13; u oting Guidry v. Ford, Bacon & Davis
Const. Co., 79- 7136 ( La. App. 3rd Cir. 5/ 23/ 79), 371 So. 2d 1301, 1302.
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available pursuant to LSA-R.S. 15: 1177. An offender aggrieved by an adverse
decision rendered pursuant to any administrative remedy procedure can institute
proceedings for judicial review by filing a petition for judicial review in the 19t'
JDC. LSA-R.S. 15: 1177( A). On review of the agency' s decision, the district court
functions as an appellate court. The district court may reverse or modify the
Department' s decision only if substantial rights of the appellant have been
prejudiced because the administrative findings, inferences, conclusions, or
decisions are: ( a) in violation of constitutional or statutory provisions; ( b) in excess
of the statutory authority of the agency; ( c) made upon unlawful procedure; ( d)
affected by other error of law; ( e) arbitrary or capricious or characterized by abuse
of discretion or clearly unwarranted exercise of discretion; or ( f) manifestly
erroneous in view of the reliable, probative, and substantial evidence in the whole
record. LSA-R.S. 15: 1177( A)(9). On review of the district court' s judgment, no
deference is owed by the court of appeal to factual findings or legal conclusions of
the district court. See Williams v. La. Department of Public Safety and
Corrections, 2018- 0268 ( La. App. 1St Cir. 9/ 21/ 18), 257 So. 3d 690, 692- 93.
The Amended Commitment Orders specifically state that Brown was to be
given credit for time served pursuant to LSA- C. Cr.P. art. 880. At the time
Brown committed his crimes, Article 880 stated, " A defendant shall receive credit
toward service of his sentence for time spent in actual custody prior to the
imposition of sentence." 8 Brown .contends that his original sentence did not give
him credit for time served. Accordingly, he filed the AR Ps
- with the Department
and the Motion to Correct Illegal Sentence in the 21St JDC. As conceded by the
Department, Brown was initially only given jail credits on Docket Number
An offender' s punishment is determined according to the law in effect at
the time he committed his crime. Boddye v. Louisiana Department of Corrections,
2014- 1836 ( La. App. 1st Cir. 6/ 26/ 15), 175 So. 3d 437, 440, writ denied sub
nom. Boddye v. LeBlanc, 2015- 1688 ( La. 10/ 30/ 15), 180 So. 3d 303.
on
502, 592. However, after the sentencing judge amended the commitment orders,
the Department awarded jail credits to docket number 603, 783 as well. As such,
the Department contends that Brown is not entitled to any additional jail credits
and the petition for judicial review was properly dismissed. We agree.
Brown is essentially contending herein that he is entitled to double time
credit from the time he was arrested on the charges, up until the judge signed the
Amended Commitment Order on November 13, 2017. Accordingly, he contends
he is entitled to an immediate release. As the Department points out in its response
to Brown' s ARP No. 2017- 837, credit for time served under LSA-C.Cr.P. art. 880
means jail credit for time served from the date of arrest until the imposition of the
sentence. See Jacobs v. Leblanc, 2015- 0785, p. 3 ( La. App. 1St Cir. 12/ 23/ 15), _
So. 3d _, . Here, Brown essentially seeks what would amount to double credit
for the time he has spent in prison if the order were interpreted as he suggests.
However, the judge did not award double credit. The judge only awarded him
credit for time served pursuant to LSA-C. Cr.P. art. 880. Absent any indication that
the judge intended to award Brown double credits, or additional time reduced from
his sentence, there is no basis for awarding Brown double credits and releasing him
from his incarceration before his sentence is complete.'
After careful review of the record herein and applying the precepts set forth
in LSA—R.S. 15: 1177( A)(9), we find no error by the district court in refusing to
modify the administrative decision which denied Brown additional credits towards
his sentence. Based on the record herein, the Department's decision that Brown
was not entitled to any additional jail credit on his sentences was neither arbitrary,
9Even if Brown' s demand could be viewed otherwise as a claim for good behavior credits
towards his sentence, we note that the sentencing judge does not have the authority to order a
diminution of sentence for good behavior. LSA-R.S. 15: 571. 3( A)(3). Further, the nature of
Brown' s crimes are such that he is not entitled to earn additional credit towards his sentence for
good behavior under LSA- R.S. 15: 571. 3.
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capricious, or manifestly erroneous, nor in violation of Brown' s constitutional or
statutory rights. Thus, this argument lacks merit.
Scope of the Commissioner' s Review
In his second argument on appeal, Brown contends that the district court
erred in the scope of its review of the record by searching for the sentencing
judge' s intent. Pursuant to LSA-R. S. 15: 1177( A)(5), "[ t] he review ...shall be
confined to the record" and " limited to those issues presented in the petition for
review and the administrative remedy request filed at the agency level." While the
Commissioner referenced the sentencing judge' s intent in the reasons supporting
her recommendation, we have conducted our review based on the record before us.
We find no error by the district court in its dismissal of the petition for judicial
review.
Thus, this argument also lacks merit.
Brown' s Request to Stay
In his third argument on appeal, Brown contends that the district court erred
when it dismissed his petition for judicial review without first addressing his
request to stay the proceedings pending a production of documents that the
Commissioner used to support her recommendation. First, we note that Brown, as
the appellant herein, is charged with the responsibility of completeness of the
record for appellate review. Thus, the inadequacy of the record is imputable to
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him. See Niemann v. Crosby Development, Co., L.L.C., 2011- 1337 ( La. App.
Cir. 5/ 3/ 12) 92 So. 3d 1039, 1044. Moreover, as an appellate court, we have no
jurisdiction to review documents that are not in the record on appeal, i.e., that
which is sent by the district court to the appellate court. See LSA- C. C. P. arts.
2127- 2128; O' Bannon v. Moriah Technologies, Inc., 2017- 0728 ( La. App. 1St Cir.
3/ 29/ 18), 248 So. 3d 392, 397. As such, our judgment can only be rendered based
upon the record on appeal." LSA- C. C. P. art. 2164.
E:3
An appellate court can neither supplement the record nor consider
documents on appeal which were not introduced or filed into the record during the
proceedings below. O' Bannon, 248 So. 3d 392, 397- 98. Moreover, appellate briefs
are not part of the record, and we have no authority to consider facts referred to in
such briefs, or in exhibits containing matters that are not in the pleadings or
evidence, since they are outside of the record. Old Republic Life Insurance Co. v.
TransWood, Inc., 2016- 0552 ( La. App. 1st Cir. 6/ 2/ 17), 222 So. 3d 995, 1001. In
support of his argument that the district court erred in dismissing his claims
without first addressing his request to stay the proceedings, Brown attached a
motion for transcripts of status conference and a motion to stay the proceedings
pending production of documents to his appellate brief. However, the record on
appeal does not contain either motion, nor does it contain any documentation of the
filing of same in the proceedings below. Since these documents lie outside the
record on appeal, and it is the appellant' s burden to make sure the record on appeal
is complete, this argument is meritless or presents nothing for review.
CONCLUSION
Based on the above and foregoing reasons, the trial court' s April 16, 2019
judgment, dismissing Brown' s petition for judicial review with prejudice, is hereby
affirmed. Costs of this appeal are assessed to the plaintiff/appellant, Lee Brown.
AFFIRMED.
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