Anderson v. F C I Oakdale ( 2019 )

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT WESTERN DISTRICT OF LOUISIANA LAKE CHARLES DIVISION JOHNEKE ANDERSON : DOCKET NO. 19-cv-01329 REG. # 32079-034 SECTION P VERSUS : JUDGE JAMES D. CAIN, JR. WARDEN FCI OAKDLE : MAGISTRATE JUDGE KAY MEMORANDUM ORDER Before the court is a petition for writ of habeas corpus filed pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2241 by pro se petitioner Johneke Anderson on October 9, 2019. Doc. 1. Anderson is an inmate in the custody of the Bureau of Prisons (“BOP”) and is currently incarcerated at the Federal Correctional Center at Oakdale, Louisiana (“FCIO”). This matter has been referred to the undersigned for review, report, and recommendation in accordance with 28 U.S.C. § 636 and the standing orders of this Court. I. BACKGROUND Anderson is currently serving a sentenced imposed on March 20, 2019, by the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana. Doc. 1, p. 1, ¶ 4. He contends that the Bureau of Prisons (“BOP”) has erroneously calculated his sentence, depriving him of 376 days of jail credit. Id. at p. 6, ¶ 13. II. LAW & ANALYSIS A. Screening of Habeas Corpus Petitions A district court may apply any or all of the rules governing habeas petitions filed under 28 U.S.C. § 2254 to those filed under § 2241. See Rule 1(b), Rules Governing § 2254 Cases in the United States District Courts. Rule 4 of the Rules Governing § 2254 Cases authorizes preliminary review of such petitions, and states that they must be summarily dismissed “[i]f it plainly appears from the petition and any attached exhibits that the petitioner is not entitled to relief.” Id. at Rule 4. To avoid summary dismissal under Rule 4, the petition must contain factual allegations pointing to a “real possibility of constitutional error.” Id. at Rule 4, advisory committee note (quoting Aubut v. Maine, 431 F.2d 688, 689 (1st Cir. 1970)). Accordingly, we review the pleadings and exhibits before us to determine whether any right to relief is indicated, or whether the petition must be dismissed. B. Application 1. Exhaustion A § 2241 petition on behalf of a sentenced prisoner “attacks the manner in which a sentence is carried out or the prison authorities’ determination of its duration.” Pack v. Yusuff, 218 F.3d 448, 451 (5th Cir. 2000). In order to prevail, a § 2241 petitioner must show that he is “in custody in violation of the Constitution or laws or treaties of the United States.” 28 U.S.C. § 2241(c)(3). An initial issue that must be addressed is whether petitioner is required to exhaust administrative remedies. Generally, a federal prisoner must exhaust his administrative remedies before seeking habeas relief in federal court under 28 U.S.C. § 2241. Skinner v. Wiley, 355 F.3d 1293, 1295 (11th Cir. 2004), cert. denied, 124 S. Ct. 2112 (2004); Fuller v. Rich, 11 F.3d 61, 62 (5th Cir. 1994); see also Rourke v. Thompson, 11 F.3d 47, 49 (5th Cir. 1993). Exceptions to the exhaustion requirement apply only in "extraordinary circumstances" and the petitioner bears the burden of demonstrating the futility of administrative review. Fuller, 11 F.3d at 62; Gardner v. School Bd. Caddo Parrish, 958 F.2d 108, 112 (5th Cir. 1992). The BOP, which administers the prison in which petitioner is incarcerated, has a four-step process for resolving complaints by prisoners. Initially, a prisoner must attempt to informally resolve the complaint with staff. 28 C.F.R. § 542.13(a). If informal attempts are unsuccessful, the prisoner must submit a Request for Administrative Remedy to the Warden. 28 C.F.R. § 542.14. If the prisoner is not satisfied with the Warden's response, he may appeal to the Regional Director. 28 C.F.R. 542.15. If still unsatisfied, the prisoner may appeal to the Office of General Counsel. Id. The Attorney General has vested the BOP with authority to determine issues related to the manner in which sentences are to be carried out, including the calculation of sentence credits. 28 C.F.R. § 0.96. If the BOP miscalculated petitioner's sentence calculation or release date, it has the authority to correct that error and should be permitted to do so. See Smith v. Thompson, 937 F.2d 217, 219 (5th Cir. 1991) (agency should be given opportunity to correct its own error before aggrieved party seeks judicial intervention). Further, the fact that petitioner believes his grievances will be denied does not make the remedy futile. See Adams v. Warden, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 124404 at *3 (W.D. La. July 5, 2017). Anderson has provided proof that he has presented his claim through a BP-10, an appeal to the Regional Director. See doc. 1, att. 3, p. 12. However, he has not provided proof, nor has he alleged, that he has appealed a response from the Regional Director to the Office of General Counsel (BP-11). The BP-11 appeal "is the final administrative appeal." Id. at § 542.15(a). Only after this review process is completed can a BOP inmate's claim be considered exhausted. Anderson should amend to provide proof that he exhausted available remedies or show why he should be excused from this requirement. 2. BOP Calculation Federal law provides that "[a] defendant shall be given credit toward the service of a term of imprisonment for any time he has spent in official detention prior to the date the sentence commences ... that has not been credited against another sentence." 18 U.S.C. § 3585(b). The Attorney General, through the BOP, "determines what credit, if any, will be awarded to the prisoner for time spent in custody prior to the commencement of their federal sentences." Leal v. Tombone, 341 F.3d 427, 428 (5th Cir. 2003). Documentation provided in the instant matter indicates that the time in question was credited to Anderson’s state sentence. Anderson should amend his petition to provide proof that the sentence credit he seeks was not credited to his state sentence. III. CONCLUSION In order for this court to determine whether the petition should survive our initial review, Anderson must amend his complaint within the next 60 days and provide (1) a copy of the response to his BP-10; (2) a copy of his BP-11 and the response to the BP-11. If the administrative remedy response indicates that his claim was not properly exhausted, Anderson must explain why an exception to the exhaustion requirement applies to his case or provide documentation showing that the BOP’s conclusion is incorrect. Otherwise, his suit is subject to dismissal for failure to exhaust. Accordingly, THE CLERK IS DIRECTED to mail a copy of this order to Anderson at his last address on file. IT IS ORDERED that Anderson amend his complaint within sixty (60) days of the filing of this order to cure the deficiencies as outlined above. Failure to comply with this order may result in dismissal of the claims above under Rule 4 of the Rules Governing § 2254 Cases, or under Rule 41(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. See Link v. Wabash R. Co., 82S. Ct. 1386 (1962). Anderson is further required to notify the court of any change in his address under LR 41.3. Failure to do so will result in a recommendation that this action be dismissed without prejudice. THUS DONE AND SIGNED in Chambers this 16" day of December, 2019. UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 5-