Baker v. Lothrop , 155 Mass. 376 ( 1892 )

Lathrop, J.

Although the tanks in question had come into the possession of the defendant without his knowledge or consent, being put in his place of amusement, called the World’s Museum, by his servant, yet it appears that, before he made the sale hereinafter mentioned, he knew they were there, and endeavored to have the 'plaintiff remove them. In this state of affairs he made a bill of sale to one Austin, in which the subject matter of the sale was described as “ all the property now in the World’s Museum.”

The bill of sale excepted a piano and some trifling articles, and no specific mention was made of the tanks.

That the tanks were in the defendant’s mind at the time of the sale is shown by the evidence, put in by himself, that at that time he told Austin that these tanks and some other things were there which he did not own and did not sell. Austin, however, testified that all of the articles mentioned in the talk as not to be sold were mentioned as excepted in the bill of sale.

If the tanks had been mentioned in the bill of sale as among the articles sold, it could not be contended that the evidence would not warrant the judge who tried the case without a jury in finding that the defendant intended to convert the tanks to his own use. Although the description here was a general one, yet it was broad enough to cover the tanks, and, as we have seen, the subject matter of the tanks is shown to have been in the mind of the defendant at the time of the sale.

The evidence in the casé, therefore, warranted the judge in finding for the plaintiff, on the ground that the defendant, having the plaintiff’s goods in his possession, intentionally sold them as his own, and appropriated the proceeds to his own use. Philbrook v. Eaton, 134 Mass. 398.

Where there is a tortious taking or an actual conversion, no demand is necessary. Hunt v. Holton, 13 Pick. 216. Pierce v. Benjamin, 14 Pick. 356. Thurston v. Blanchard, 22 Pick. 18. As pointed out by Mr. Justice Devens, in Edmunds v. Hill, 133 Mass. 445, demand and refusal are never necessary, except as furnishing evidence of an unlawful conversion.

The defendant does not contend that the statement in the bill of exceptions that the judge “ruled that upon the evidence the plaintiff was entitled to recover upon the count in tort, and on this count found for the plaintiff,” when taken in connection with the request for instructions, is to be construed as meaning more than a ruling that the evidence would warrant such a finding as was made; and we need not, therefore, consider the precise meaning of the language used.

Exceptions overruled.