People of Michigan v. Roger Leon Hunt Jr ( 2016 )

STATE OF MICHIGAN
COURT OF APPEALS
PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, UNPUBLISHED
October 20, 2016
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v No. 328237
Montcalm Circuit Court
ROGER LEON HUNT, JR., LC No. 2014-019463-FH
Defendant-Appellant.
Before: K. F. KELLY, P.J., and O’CONNELL and BOONSTRA, JJ.
PER CURIAM.
Defendant, Roger Leon Hunt, Jr., appeals as of right his convictions, following a jury
trial, of operating or maintaining a methamphetamine laboratory, MCL 333.7401c(1)(a), owning
or possessing chemicals or laboratory equipment for the purpose of manufacturing
methamphetamine, MCL 333.7401c(1)(b), and maintaining a drug house, MCL 333.7405(d).
The trial court sentenced Hunt as a third-offense habitual offender, MCL 769.11, to serve
concurrent terms of 5 years, 6 months’ to 40 years’ imprisonment for his convictions of
operating a methamphetamine laboratory and possessing chemicals or laboratory equipment to
manufacture methamphetamine, and 2 to 4 years’ imprisonment for maintaining a drug house.
We affirm.
I. FACTUAL BACKGROUND
Richard Young testified that he lived with Hunt for three years. Young and Hunt learned
how to cook methamphetamine and, in October 2014, they began cooking it together. Young
and Hunt would cook methamphetamine in the house, and then Young, Hunt, and Kayla Jones
would use the methamphetamine. Jones testified that she frequently observed Young and Hunt
enter a tarped-off area in the home, where she assumed they were cooking methamphetamine
because of the supplies they took into the area and the subsequent odor.
In November 2014, a person who had consumed methamphetamine at Hunt’s house
informed the Edmore Police that Hunt was operating a methamphetamine laboratory in his home.
The Central Michigan Enforcement Team executed a search warrant. Detective Matt Buter
testified that the search uncovered a one-pot reaction vessel used to manufacture
methamphetamine, a “dry” one pot-reaction vessel in the laundry-room, and a cut-open lithium
battery. Young testified that he used lithium batteries when manufacturing methamphetamine.
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Detective Buter also testified that he found a hydrogen generator, a blender, and coffee filters, all
of which are also used in the manufacturing of methamphetamine.
The prosecution presented additional evidence and testimony. The jury found Hunt
guilty as previously described. Hunt now appeals, contending that his convictions of both
operating or maintaining a methamphetamine laboratory under MCL 333.7401c(1)(a) and
owning or possessing chemicals or laboratory equipment under MCL 333.7401c(1)(b) violated
his constitutional right against being convicted multiple times for the same offense.
II. STANDARD OF REVIEW
“A double jeopardy challenge presents a question of constitutional law that this Court
reviews de novo.” People v Smith, 478 Mich 292, 298; 733 NW2d 351 (2007).
III. DOUBLE JEOPARDY
Hunt contends that because it is necessary to own or possess chemicals or laboratory
equipment for the purpose of manufacturing methamphetamine to maintain a methamphetamine
laboratory, he has been convicted of multiple offenses for the same conduct, in violation of his
rights under the Fifth Amendment of the United States and Michigan constitutions. We disagree.
The Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution protects a criminal defendant
from being “twice put in jeopardy of life or limb . . . .” US Const, Am V; People v Szalma, 487
Mich 708, 715-716; 790 NW2d 662 (2010). The Michigan Constitution contains a parallel
provision that this Court construes consistently with the Fifth Amendment. Const 1963, art 1,
§ 15; Szalma, 487 Mich at 716. In part, this provision protects a criminal defendant against
multiple prosecutions for the same offense. People v Ream, 481 Mich 223, 227; 750 NW2d 536
(2008).
Courts apply the Blockburger1 test when a defendant’s conduct violates two different
statutes. People v Gibbs, 299 Mich App 473, 489; 830 NW2d 821 (2013). When a defendant’s
conduct violates two different statutes, this Court must determine whether the offenses have the
same elements. Ream, 481 Mich at 240. If each offense requires proof of a fact that the other
does not, multiple convictions do not violate a defendant’s right against double jeopardy. Id. at
227-228. This is true even if there is a substantial overlap between the proofs the prosecution
must offer for each offense. People v Nutt, 469 Mich 565, 576; 677 NW2d 1 (2004).
MCL 333.7401c prohibits a variety of conduct, including the conduct for which Hunt was
convicted:
(1) A person shall not do any of the following:
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Blockburger v United States, 284 US 299; 52 S Ct 180; 76 L Ed 306 (1932).
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(a) Own, possess, or use a vehicle, building, structure, place, or area that he or she
knows or has reason to know is to be used as a location to manufacture a
controlled substance in violation of [MCL 333.7401] or a counterfeit substance or
a controlled substance analogue in violation of [MCL 333.7402].
(b) Own or possess any chemical or any laboratory equipment that he or she
knows or has reason to know is to be used for the purpose of manufacturing a
controlled substance in violation of [MCL 333.7401] or a counterfeit substance or
a controlled substance analogue in violation of [MCL 333.7402].
Hunt relies on People v Meshell, 265 Mich App 616; 696 NW2d 754 (2005), to contend
that his convictions under both subdivisions (a) and (b) violated his right against double
jeopardy. In Meshell, the defendant was convicted of operating a methamphetamine laboratory
under both a general sentencing provision and an enhanced sentencing provision for doing so
near a residence. Id. at 618. In that case, all the elements of operating a methamphetamine
laboratory generally were encompassed within the statute the prohibited doing so within 500 feet
of a residence. Id. at 631.
This Court’s Meshell decision is distinguishable from the facts in this case. Relevant to
this case, MCL 333.7401c(1)(a) prohibits a person from owning, possessing, or using a structure
that he or she knows is to be used to manufacture a controlled substance. MCL 333.7401c(1)(b)
prohibits a person from owning or possessing any chemical or laboratory equipment that he or
she knows is to be used to manufacture a controlled substance. Subdivision (a) required the
prosecution to prove that Hunt owned the house in which the methamphetamine was
manufactured, while subdivision (b) required the prosecution to prove that Hunt owned the
chemicals and equipment found in the house. Accordingly, each subdivision required the
prosecution to prove an element that the other subdivision did not. Even though there was a
substantial overlap in the proofs the prosecution was required to present, the Blockberger test is
satisfied. See Nutt, 469 Mich at 576. We conclude that Hunt’s convictions under both
subdivision (a) and (b) did not violate his right against double jeopardy.
We affirm.
/s/ Kirsten Frank Kelly
/s/ Peter D. O’Connell
/s/ Mark T. Boonstra
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