John B. Irving, III v. Ann Lee ( 1996 )

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 96-CA-00708-SCT
JOHN IRVING, III
v.
DIRECTOR OF CLASSIFICATION: ANN LEE AND
SUPERINTENDENT OF MISSISSIPPI STATE
PENITENTIARY AND SUCCESSORS IN OFFICE:
RAYMOND ROBERTS
THIS OPINION IS NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION AND MAY NOT BE CITED,
PURSUANT TO M.R.A.P. 35-A
DATE OF JUDGMENT: 06/05/96
TRIAL JUDGE: HON. GRAY EVANS
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED: SUNFLOWER COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: PRO SE
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEES: JAMES M. NORRIS
OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
BY: JANE LANIER MAPP
NATURE OF THE CASE: CIVIL - OTHER
DISPOSITION: AFFIRMED - 11/20/97
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
1/7/1998
MANDATE ISSUED: 4/8/98
BEFORE DAN LEE, C.J., PITTMAN AND MILLS, JJ.
PITTMAN, JUSTICE, FOR THE COURT:
STATEMENT OF THE CASE
John B. Irving, III, is an inmate incarcerated within the Mississippi Department of Corrections
(hereinafter "MDOC") at the Mississippi State Penitentiary located at Parchman, Mississippi. On May
20, 1996, Irving filed a Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus in the Circuit Court of Sunflower County,
Mississippi, against Ann Lee, Director of Classification, and Raymond Roberts, then Superintendent
of the Mississippi State Penitentiary, and his successor in office. This petition was treated as a
petition for Post-Conviction Relief and was subsequently denied by the Honorable Gray Evans on
June 5, 1996. Irving then filed a Notice of Appeal to this Court and the lower court granted him leave
to proceed in forma pauperis.
STATEMENT OF THE FACTS
Irving was convicted of capital murder and sentenced to death on November 11, 1976, in the Circuit
Court of Pontotoc County, Mississippi. Subsequently, this sentence was reversed and Irving was
again sentenced to death on November 13, 1981. That sentence was also reversed and Irving was
eventually sentenced to life imprisonment on October 6, 1995. After this sentence, Irving was taken
from the Pontotoc County Jail and returned to Parchman and placed back in Unit 32-C, a maximum
security unit of close confinement used for observation prior to placement in the general population.
Irving complains in his petition that after re-sentencing he should have first been sent through
admissions processing at a reception and classification center. Irving further complains of the decision
of the classification committee on November 2, 1995, that he remain in Unit 32-C.
Irving filed the proper grievance with MDOC's Administrative Remedies Program and was denied
relief. Appellee, Ann Lee, Director of Offender Services, sent the following response to Irving's
complaint:
Careful review of your file reflects that you were re-sentenced from Death Row to life on
6 October 1995. According to your record you were initially classified from Death Row to
Close Confinement on 2 November 1995. Sound classification [sic] practices dictate that those
offenders re-sentenced from Death Row to life sentence receive an initial assignment of Close
Confinement. In the instant case, the Classification Committee did so. In reference to your
complaints against the sheriff of Pontotoc County Mississippi, this department has no control or
jurisdiction over any sheriff of the State of Mississippi.
In reference to your request to be transferred to the Central Mississippi Correctional Facility for
admission, orientation and classification, that request is denied.
I find that the Classification Committee acted appropriately in this case in assigning your Initial
Classification of Close Confinement, due to your receiving a life sentence on 6 October 1995,
which indicated the need for observation in a close, security correction facility prior to
placement in the general prison population.
Subsequently, Irving filed his Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus in the Circuit Court of Sunflower
County and on June 5, 1996, the petition was summarily dismissed. It is from this denial that Irving
appeals to this Court.
STATEMENT OF THE ISSUES
I. WHETHER THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN SUMMARILY DISMISSING
APPELLANT'S POST-CONVICTION PETITION.
II. WHETHER THE APPELLANT WAS DENIED DUE PROCESS AND EQUAL
PROTECTION OF LAW IN APPELLANT'S CLASSIFICATION AS AN INMATE.
III. WHETHER THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN NOT GRANTING APPELLANT AN
EVIDENTIARY HEARING ON HIS CLAIMS RAISED IN THE POST-CONVICTION
RELIEF PETITION.
ANALYSIS
This Court finds that none of the Appellant's claims have merit in light of this Court's decision in
Carson v. Hargett, 689 So. 2d 753 (Miss. 1996). In that case, this Court held that "there is no liberty
interest in an inmate's classification status, any future challenges to such status should not come to
this Court by way of the writ of habeas corpus." Carson, 689 So. 2d at 755. This Court also held that
"[c]lassification is an administrative decision and no constitutional right . . . was violated; therefore,
the lower court correctly ruled that it had no jurisdiction." Id. The Circuit Court of Sunflower
County properly denied Irving's petition for writ of habeas corpus, but also could and should have
ruled that it had no jurisdiction over this purely administrative decision.
The lower court allowed Irving to proceed to this Court in forma pauperis. The State argues that the
lower court was in error when it allowed Irving to do this. In support of its position, the State cites
Moreno v. State, 637 So. 2d 200 (Miss. 1994), where this Court held that an inmate has no right to
appeal in forma pauperis in any other than a criminal case or an action for post-conviction relief
pursuant to Miss. Code Ann. § 99-39-1, et seq. Moreno, 637 So. 2d at 202; see also Nelson v. Bank
of Mississippi, 498 So. 2d 365 (Miss. 1986); Johnson v. State, 623 So. 2d 265 (Miss. 1993). The
Mississippi Uniform Post-Conviction Collateral Relief Act, Miss. Code Ann. § 99-39-5(1), provides
the following grounds for relief:
(1) Any prisoner in custody under sentence of a court of record of the State of Mississippi who
claims:
(a) That the conviction or the sentence was imposed in violation of the Constitution of the
United States or the Constitution or laws of Mississippi;
(b) That the trial court was without jurisdiction to impose sentence;
(c) That the statute under which the conviction and/or sentence was obtained is
unconstitutional;
(d) That the sentence exceeds the maximum authorized by law;
(e) That there exists evidence of material facts, not previously presented and heard, that
requires vacation of the conviction or sentence in the interest of justice;
(f) That his plea was made involuntarily;
(g) That his sentence has expired; his probation, parole or conditional release unlawfully
revoked; or he is otherwise unlawfully held in custody;
(h) That he is entitled to an out-of-time appeal; or
(i) That the conviction or sentence is otherwise subject to collateral attack upon any grounds of
alleged error heretofore available under any common law, statutory or other writ, motion,
petition, proceeding or remedy; may file a motion to vacate, set aside or correct the judgment
or sentence, or for an out-of-time appeal.
The State argues that since an inmate's complaint regarding custody classification is not a criminal
matter and does not fall under one of the above enumerated grounds for relief, Irving and other
inmates filing similar actions, should not be allowed to proceed on appeal to this Court in forma
pauperis. Irving states in his reply brief that his petition does fall under the Post-Conviction Relief
Act under Miss. Code Ann. § 99-39-5(1)(g), which provides in pertinent part "or he is otherwise
unlawfully held in custody." This argument is unpersuasive and the State is correct in its assertion
that Irving and similarly situated inmates should not be allowed to proceed to this Court in forma
pauperis on custody classification matters.
The lower court should be affirmed in its denial of Irving's Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus, but
the lower court should also have found that it had no jurisdiction over this purely administrative
matter. Further, the lower court should not in the future allow inmates to proceed in forma pauperis
to this Court on custody classification matters.
AFFIRMED.
LEE, C.J., PRATHER AND SULLIVAN, P.JJ., McRAE, SMITH AND MILLS, JJ.,
CONCUR. BANKS, J., CONCURS IN RESULT ONLY. ROBERTS, J., NOT
PARTICIPATING.