David Jackson v. State of Mississippi ( 2019 )

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 2018-CP-01334-COA
DAVID JACKSON APPELLANT
v.
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI APPELLEE
DATE OF JUDGMENT: 08/31/2018
TRIAL JUDGE: HON. WILLIAM E. CHAPMAN III
COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED: MADISON COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: DAVID JACKSON (PRO SE)
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE: OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
BY: SCOTT STUART
NATURE OF THE CASE: CIVIL - POST-CONVICTION RELIEF
DISPOSITION: AFFIRMED - 08/20/2019
MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED:
MANDATE ISSUED:
BEFORE BARNES, C.J., McDONALD AND C. WILSON, JJ.
BARNES, C.J., FOR THE COURT:
¶1. On January 16, 1987, David Jackson was indicted for burglary of an inhabited
dwelling at night while armed with a deadly weapon. Jackson signed a petition to enter a
guilty plea on February 27, 1987, and the Madison County Circuit Court sentenced him to
eight years in the custody of the Mississippi Department of Corrections (MDOC). Jackson
served his sentence and was released from custody. The circuit court subsequently convicted
Jackson for possession of cocaine with intent to distribute in 1998 and sentenced him to serve
thirty years in the MDOC’s custody as a habitual offender. The 1987 burglary conviction
was used as a basis for his habitual-offender status.1
¶2. Jackson filed a motion for post-conviction relief (PCR) with the circuit court on
August 24, 2018, challenging his 1987 burglary conviction from thirty years earlier.
Asserting that his PCR motion was excepted from any procedural bars, Jackson alleged the
following errors: (1) the denial of his right to counsel; (2) involuntary guilty plea; (3) no
factual basis for his guilty plea; (4) ineffective assistance of counsel; and (5) insufficient
indictment.
¶3. The circuit court dismissed the motion, finding Jackson lacked standing to bring his
motion because he was no longer in custody under his 1987 burglary conviction and
sentence. We find no error on appeal and affirm.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
¶4. This Court reviews a circuit court’s dismissal of a PCR motion for abuse of discretion.
Purvis v. State, 240 So. 3d 468, 470 (¶7) (Miss. Ct. App. 2017). A court’s factual findings
will not be disturbed “unless they are clearly erroneous.” Id. “Questions of law are reviewed
de novo.” Id.DISCUSSION
¶5. Before addressing the merits of Jackson’s claims, “[t]he first issue we must address
is whether the trial court had jurisdiction to hear the motion[. . . .]” Craft v. State, 966 So.
2d 856, 857 (¶5) (Miss. Ct. App. 2007). Mississippi Code Annotated section 99-39-5
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The second conviction listed as the basis for habitual-offender status was for
receiving stolen property in 1993, for which Jackson was sentenced to serve a term of three
years in the custody of the MDOC.
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provides that “[a]ny person sentenced by a court of record of the State of Mississippi,
including a person currently incarcerated, civilly committed, on parole or probation . . . may
file a motion to vacate, set aside or correct the judgment or sentence[. . . .]” This language
is taken from the 2009 amendment to the statute. Prior to the amendment, the statute
provided that eligibility to file a PCR motion extended only those persons “in custody” in
Mississippi. This Court has determined that the amended language in section 99-39-5 does
not include those persons released from custody and no longer suffering the effects of the
sentence.
¶6. In Wilson v. State, 76 So. 3d 733, 735 (¶11) (Miss. Ct. App. 2011), this Court held that
a petitioner who is “is no longer ‘serving time under the sentence he complains of’” lacks
standing to bring a PCR motion. (Quoting Wilson v. State, 990 So. 2d 828, 830 (¶6) (Miss.
Ct. App. 2008)). In that case, as here, the petitioner had completed the sentence that he was
challenging but the prior conviction had been used as a basis for habitual-offender status for
a subsequent conviction. In Brown v. State, 90 So. 3d 645 (Miss. Ct. App. 2012), we
addressed whether a petitioner incarcerated in federal jurisdiction, who had been released
from MDOC custody, had standing to file a PCR motion, holding:
Here, Brown invites us to widen the PCR statute’s net by liberally interpreting
[section 99-39-5] to allow PCR eligibility for movants who have served time
in the custody of the MDOC but who have either been permanently released
from the MDOC or whose custody is no longer under the control of the State
of Mississippi at the time of the PCR motions’ filing. We decline Brown’s
invitation since such an expansion would eviscerate the very purpose of the
PCR statute’s enactment.
See also Birmingham v. State, 159 So. 3d 597, 599 (¶¶8-9) (Miss. Ct. App. 2014) (holding
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that because the petitioner’s sentence had expired years earlier, he lacked standing to file a
PCR motion, and the court did not have jurisdiction).
¶7. Because Jackson has served his sentence for his burglary conviction, he lacks standing
to file his PCR motion. Therefore, the court properly dismissed the PCR petition for lack of
jurisdiction, and we need not consider the merits of Jackson’s claims.
¶8. AFFIRMED.
CARLTON AND J. WILSON, P.JJ., GREENLEE, WESTBROOKS, TINDELL,
McDONALD, LAWRENCE, McCARTY AND C. WILSON, JJ., CONCUR.
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