WEST PLAINS REGIONAL ANIMAL SHELTER, Plaintiff-Respondent v. WILLARD SCHNURBUSCH, and CAROL SCHNURBUSCH ( 2020 )


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  • WEST PLAINS REGIONAL                                      )
    ANIMAL SHELTER,                                           )
    )
    Plaintiff-Respondent,                 )
    )
    vs.                                            )
    )      No. SD36781
    WILLARD SCHNURBUSCH,                                      )      Filed: December 9, 2020
    )
    Defendant-Appellant,                  )
    )
    and CAROL SCHNURBUSCH,                                    )
    )
    Defendant.                            )
    APPEAL FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF HOWELL COUNTY
    Honorable Donna K. Anthony, Judge
    APPEAL DISMISSED
    Willard Schnurbusch (“Schnurbusch”), pro se appellant,1 appeals from the trial court’s
    “Summary Judgment.” On appeal, West Plains Regional Animal Shelter (“Shelter”) filed a
    “Motion to Dismiss Appeal for Mootness.” We grant the motion and dismiss the appeal.
    1
    Carol Schnurbusch is not a party to this appeal.
    Factual and Procedural History
    In 2006, the Schnurbusches filed a four-count petition against the City of West Plains and
    Shelter, asserting that Shelter was violating City’s zoning laws, and that City was failing to enforce
    the zoning laws against Shelter. Following trial on Counts I and III, the trial court entered its
    judgment in favor of the City and Shelter on both counts.
    The Schnurbusches appealed. This Court affirmed the judgment by a memorandum
    opinion. Schnurbusch v. City of West Plains Missouri, SD31107 (Schnurbusch I).
    On January 17, 2012, the Schnurbusches filed a second pro se four-count petition against
    Shelter, containing allegations similar to those in Schnurbusch I. Shelter filed a motion to dismiss
    based on res judicata and claim splitting. The trial court sustained the motion, and entered
    judgment for Shelter on its counterclaim for malicious prosecution.
    The Schnurbusches appealed. This Court reversed and remanded on the basis that the
    judgment considered matters outside the pleadings in granting Shelter’s motion to dismiss, and
    there was no Rule 74.042 record for our review. Schnurbusch v. W. Plains Reg’l Animal Shelter,
    
    507 S.W.3d 675
    , 681 (Mo.App. S.D. 2017) (Schnurbusch II).
    After remand, on October 16, 2017, the trial court granted Shelter’s motion for summary
    judgment, rejected the Schnurbusches’ claims, granted Shelter’s counterclaims, and awarded
    Shelter $45,112.50 and $15,268.75 as to its Counts I and II, respectively. The Schnurbusches
    again appealed to this Court, resulting in an opinion affirming the judgment in all respects on
    February 7, 2019. Schnurbusch v. W. Plains Reg’l Animal Shelter, 
    571 S.W.3d 191
     (Mo.App.
    S.D. 2019) (Schnurbusch III).
    2
    All rule references are to Missouri Court Rules (2019).
    2
    On February 4, 2019, Shelter filed an “Execution Application and Order,” on real estate
    owned by the Schnurbusches located at 1496 State Route BB Highway, West Plains (“the
    Property”). The Schnurbusches were served on February 21, 2019. On March 29, 2019, notice
    by publication issued for the sheriff’s seizure and sale of the Property, and on April 5, 2019, an
    order was entered approving and confirming the sheriff’s sale. On April 11, 2019, a “Sheriff’s
    Deed” was delivered to Shelter, the highest bidder for the Property. On April 30, 2019, Shelter
    filed its “Petition for Unlawful Detainer,” alleging its right to immediate possession of the
    Property, pursuant to the Sheriff’s Deed.
    On October 3, 2019, the trial court entered summary judgment in favor of Shelter. The
    trial court found, in relevant part, that Shelter was entitled to immediate possession of the Property,
    that the Schnurbusches were to vacate the Property within 10 days, and that the judgment would
    be stayed only upon the Schnurbusches posting an appeal bond, “the amount to be set upon [the
    Schnurbusches’] request.” The Schnurbusches filed a “Motion to Vacate, Reopen, Correct,
    Amend, or Modify the Summary Judgment,” which was denied on January 16, 2020.
    On January 23, 2020, Schnurbusch filed a “Notice of Appeal to Supreme Court of
    Missouri.”
    On February 13, 2020, Shelter filed a motion to compel Schnurbusch to file an appeal bond.
    A hearing on the motion was held on March 2, 2020, whereupon the trial court ordered that no
    appeal bond was required because no money damages had been awarded in the summary judgment,
    and the Schnurbusches had vacated the Property.3
    On July 27, 2020, the Supreme Court transferred the case to this Court “where jurisdiction
    is vested.”
    3
    The particular date upon which the Schnurbusches vacated the property was a determination not made by the trial
    court.
    3
    On August 5, 2020, Shelter filed its “Motion to Dismiss Appeal for Mootness.” On August
    10, 2020, this Court entered its Order requiring Schnurbusch to “file written suggestions in this
    Court showing cause, if any, why the appeal should not be dismissed as moot.”
    On August 24, 2020, Schnurbusch filed his “Response to Court Order Issued August 10,
    2020 to Show Cause,” along with motions for sanctions against counsel for Shelter, and Shelter’s
    president, Dennis Hammen.
    Principles of Review: Mootness and Unlawful Detainer Actions
    A threshold question in the appellate review of a controversy is whether the matter
    has become moot due to subsequent events. In deciding whether a case is moot, an
    appellate court is allowed to consider matters outside the record. An appeal is moot
    when a decision on the merits would not have any practical effect upon any then-
    existing controversy.
    Riley v. Zoll, 
    596 S.W.3d 654
    , 656 (Mo.App. S.D. 2020) (internal quotation and citation omitted).
    Generally speaking, a defendant subject to an adverse unlawful detainer judgment renders
    moot all potential appellate claims by voluntarily surrendering possession of the subject property
    before a writ for possession issues4 (i.e., a defendant “acquiesces” to the propriety of the judgment
    by complying with it, absent prior issue of process to enforce the judgment).5
    4
    Rule 74.07, governing writs of possession, states:
    If a judgment directs a party to execute or deliver a deed or other document or to perform
    any other specific act and the party fails to comply within the time specified, the court may direct
    the act to be done at the cost of the disobedient party by some other person appointed by the court,
    and the act when so done has like effect as if done by the party. On application of the party entitled
    to performance, a writ of attachment or sequestration shall issue against the property of the
    disobedient party to compel obedience to the judgment. The court may also adjudge the party in
    contempt. If real or personal property is within the state, the court may enter a judgment divesting
    the title of any party and vesting it in others in lieu of directing a conveyance thereof, and such
    judgment has the effect of a conveyance executed in due form of law. When any order or
    judgment is for the delivery of possession, a writ of possession may issue to put the party
    entitled into possession, or attachment or sequestration may issue.
    (Emphasis added).
    5
    Southern Missouri Dist. Council of the Assemblies of God, Inc. v. Kirk, 
    334 S.W.3d 599
    , 602 (Mo.App. S.D. 2011)
    (“The principal purpose of the [plaintiff’s] lawsuit was to obtain possession of real and personal property which it
    claimed to own and which were in Timbercreek’s possession. The voluntary surrender of that property, before
    4
    A defendant subject to an adverse unlawful detainer judgment may avoid mooting its
    appellate claim by “avail[ing] itself of the right to post a supersedeas bond pursuant to Rule
    81.09[,]” or “wait[] until execution . . . issue[s] and then [seek] a stay pursuant to Rule 76.25.”
    Southern Missouri Dist. Council of the Assemblies of God, Inc. v. Kirk, 
    334 S.W.3d 599
    , 603
    (Mo.App. S.D. 2011).
    Shelter’s “Motion to Dismiss Appeal for Mootness”
    On August 5, 2020, Shelter filed its “Motion to Dismiss Appeal for Mootness,” alleging
    the Schnurbusches “voluntarily abandoned possession” of the Property, and that the instant appeal
    is therefore moot.
    In its motion, Shelter directs us to our recent opinion in Riley, 
    596 S.W.3d 654
    , and argues
    that in the instant matter, like Riley, the “defendants surrendered possession but appealed
    judgment in unlawful detainer awarding possession to plaintiffs.” Shelter recounts that the Riley
    plaintiffs “moved to dismiss the appeal as moot, and this Court granted the motion,” and then
    recites the following excerpt from Riley:
    [A]ny voluntary act by a party which expressly or implicitly recognizes the validity
    of the judgment may create such an estoppel [to appeal]. We agree with the Rileys
    that the Zolls’ decision to surrender possession of the farmland was a voluntary
    acquiescence in the judgment that rendered this appeal moot.
    Id. at 656. Shelter summarily concludes, therefore, Schnurbusch’s appeal is moot and should be
    dismissed.
    process to enforce the judgment had been issued, barred Timbercreek’s right to appeal because the judgment
    had been effectively satisfied.”) (emphasis added); Cf., Hiler v. Cox, 
    210 Mo. 696
    , 
    109 S.W. 679
    , 681 (1908) (Lamm,
    J.):
    If an appellant pays off a money judgment or consents that a judgment be executed and agrees to
    abide the execution of the judgment, then by that act he “kills” any issue on appeal going to the
    validity of the judgment itself. If we reversed this judgment, . . . we would undo what appellant
    consented should be done[.] . . . This we ought not to do at the instance of the consenting appellant.
    What appellant knit shall we unravel? If he bind, shall we loose— thereby making discord out of
    concord?
    5
    While we appreciate Shelter’s terse presentation, it omits a consideration central to Riley’s
    disposition, and that of other governing cases in this area, to-wit: the sequence of defendant’s
    surrender of the subject property and the issue of writ of possession (or other manner of
    enforcement). In Riley, we explicitly designated that our “own examination of the record in the
    underlying unlawful detainer action [did] not reveal that the Rileys utilized any legal process to
    involuntarily remove the Zolls from the farmland.” Id. at 656. That examination reflected
    application of the principle that “[t]he voluntary surrender of [the subject] property” contemplates
    a transfer “before process to enforce the judgment had been issued,”6 and that no such process
    had been issued against the Zolls when they vacated their farmland.
    Regardless of this omission from Shelter’s motion, “mootness implicates the justiciability
    of a controversy and is a threshold issue to appellate review[.]” D.C.M. v. Pemiscot County
    Juvenile Office, 
    578 S.W.3d 776
    , 780 (Mo. banc 2019) (internal quotation and citation omitted).
    It is of no consequence whether our treatment initiates from “a party’s motion or acting sua
    sponte,” as we “must consider . . . whether [this] appeal is moot.” 
    Id.
    In determining whether the Schnurbusches surrendered the Property before or after the
    issue of writ of possession (October 15, 2019) we turn to the record before us.
    Initially, we note Schnurbusch’s Response to Court Order Issued August 10, 2020 To Show
    Cause. As a whole, we have found this filing extremely difficult to understand, or utilize in any
    meaningful way. Nevertheless, we recite an excerpt, which appears to be the most lucid and
    responsive portion of the response to this Court’s show cause order: “[T]here was not any
    possessions remaining prior to the judgment date of October 3, 2019, to be forcibly removed
    6
    Kirk, 
    334 S.W.3d at 602
     (emphasis added).
    6
    [or] abandoned.” (Emphasis augmented). We supplement this excerpt with one of the concluding
    passages in Schnurbusch’s brief:
    In summary, Appellant hopes to impress on this Court that even though the
    end result of this entire UNLAWFUL DETAINER action should be considered
    moot in the fact, [] the [Property] . . . was empty before, and on the date of the
    October 3, 2019 Summary Judgment and the order to vacate was ineffective if the
    premises were already empty at some previous time, the UNLAWFUL DETAINER
    action was faulty.
    Even though the final Judgment may be moot, or the adage of “NO HARM-
    --NO FOUL may and apply, the process of applying the statutory procedures . . .
    shows a definite lack of strict adherence to the words contained in all the applicable
    sections of Chapter 534[.]. . . [Shelter] never did state any facts that [the
    Schnurbusches] [were] occupying the premises. It may not be the function of this
    Court at this time to determine what the real purpose was to initiate this said
    UNLAWFUL DETAINER, action.
    (Bolding added). Summarily, Schnurbusch represents that he surrendered the Property before
    October 15, 2019 (i.e., when writ of possession issued).
    Shelter, and its evidence, indicate that Schnurbusch hauled away items from the Property
    on October 3, 2019, but that as of that time, the Schnurbusches did “not appear to be living in the
    building.” Shelter reports another sighting that occurred on October 13, 2019 (two days before
    writ of possession issued) whereby Schnurbusch was observed “load[ing] up a trailer and haul[ing]
    off the last remaining property out of the building.” At that time, the Property looked like “the
    Schnurbuschs had abandoned [it].” The Schnurbusches were not seen again on the premises, and
    when the writ of possession was executed on October 22, 2019, it was observed that “all personal
    items and belongings had been removed and the building was vacated.”
    In light of the consistent representations of the parties and evidence presented that the
    Schnurbusches surrendered possession of the Property before October 15, 2019 (when writ of
    possession issued), we necessarily conclude that the Schnurbusches voluntarily surrendered the
    7
    Property, thereby “acquiescing” to the trial court’s judgment, and rendering moot all of
    Schnurbusch’s instant claims on appeal. See Riley, 596 S.W.3d at 656; Kirk, 
    334 S.W.3d at 602
    .
    Shelter’s Motion to Dismiss Appeal for Mootness is granted. Schnurbusch’s appeal is
    dismissed as moot.7
    WILLIAM W. FRANCIS, JR., J. - OPINION AUTHOR
    NANCY STEFFEN RAHMEYER, P.J. - CONCURS
    DANIEL E. SCOTT, J. - CONCURS
    7
    Schnurbusch’s motions for sanctions against Shelter’s counsel and Shelter’s president are denied.
    8
    

Document Info

Docket Number: SD36781

Judges: Judge William W. Francis, Jr.

Filed Date: 12/9/2020

Precedential Status: Precedential

Modified Date: 12/9/2020