Kennedy v. State ( 2004 )

No. 04-024
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF MONTANA
2004 MT 189N
MITCHELL TODD KENNEDY,
Petitioner and Appellant,
v.
STATE OF MONTANA,
Respondent and Respondent.
APPEAL FROM: District Court of the Fourth Judicial District,
In and for the County of Missoula, Cause No. DC 2002-29
The Honorable John W. Larson, Judge presiding.
COUNSEL OF RECORD:
For Appellant:
Mitchell Todd Kennedy, pro se, Deer Lodge, Montana
For Respondent:
Honorable Mike McGrath, Montana Attorney General, Tammy K Plubell,
Assistant Attorney General, Helena, Montana; M. Shaun Donovan, Mineral
County Attorney, Superior, Montana
Submitted on Briefs: June 23, 2004
Decided: July 20, 2004
Filed:
__________________________________________
Clerk
Justice Patricia O. Cotter delivered the Opinion of the Court.
¶1 Pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(c), Montana Supreme Court 1996 Internal
Operating Rules, the following decision shall not be cited as precedent. It shall be filed as
a public document with the Clerk of the Supreme Court and shall be reported by case title,
Supreme Court cause number and result to the State Reporter Publishing Company and to
West Group in the quarterly table of noncitable cases issued by this Court.
¶2 Mitchell Todd Kennedy, appearing pro se, appeals the District Court’s denial of his
Petition for Postconviction Relief. We affirm.
¶3 On March 31, 2000, Kennedy pled guilty to the offenses of Mitigated Deliberate
Homicide, Felony Assault, and Assault on a Police Officer, pursuant to a Plea Agreement
in which the State agreed to recommend that Kennedy be ineligible for parole for the first
20 years of his sentence. On January 16, 2002, the District Court sentenced Kennedy to the
Montana State Prison for 40 years for Mitigated Deliberate Homicide, 10 years for Felony
Assault, and 10 years for Assault on a Police Officer. He was also sentenced to an additional
10 years in the Montana State Prison pursuant to § 46-18-221, MCA, for using a dangerous
weapon in the commission of the homicide. The 70 years of incarceration were ordered to
run consecutively, and Kennedy was declared ineligible for parole until he serves 35 years
of his sentence. Kennedy appealed this sentence on the sole grounds that the District Court
failed to adequately state its reasons for imposing the 35-year parole restriction against him.
We affirmed. State v. Kennedy, 2001 MT 226N.
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¶4 On October 1, 2002, Kennedy filed a Petition for Postconviction Relief in the District
Court, arguing that the 35-year parole restriction in his sentence was based on inaccurate
information; that the sentencing court’s written judgment did not conform with its oral
pronouncement of sentence; that the 35-year parole restriction for Mitigated Deliberate
Homicide violates the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution and is
disproportionate because it keeps him in prison longer than a life sentence for the greater
offense of Deliberate Homicide (which has a 30-year parole restriction) would have; that
the weapons enhancement violates the Double Jeopardy clause of the state and federal
Constitutions; that his due process rights were violated because the weapons enhancement
was not listed in the charging document; that it is unconstitutional to add a weapons
enhancement to a Felony Assault charge; and that his sentences were made consecutive
instead of concurrent without an adequate statement of reasons from the sentencing court.
Kennedy requested relief in the form of resentencing to concurrent sentences with a 10-year
parole restriction.
¶5 On August 22, 2003, the District Court denied his Petition, concluding that all of
Kennedy’s claims were procedurally barred by § 46-21-105(2), MCA, as he could have
raised those issues on appeal but failed to do so. The sole exception is the issue of the
allegedly inaccurate reasoning behind the sentencing court’s 35-year parole restriction, which
was nonetheless barred by res judicata as it was the subject of Kennedy’s direct appeal.
From this Order Kennedy appeals, praying for relief in the form of resentencing to
concurrent sentences with a 20-year parole restriction.
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¶6 We review a district court’s denial of a petition for postconviction relief to determine
whether the court’s findings of fact are clearly erroneous, and whether its conclusions of law
are correct. State v. Root, 2003 MT 28, ¶ 7, 314 Mont. 186, ¶ 7, 64 P.3d 1035, ¶ 7 (citations
omitted).
¶7 Kennedy argues that the District Court erred when it concluded that he could have
raised these issues on direct appeal. He claims he did not have true access to the appeals
process, because his appellate counsel chose to base his appeal on a single issue--whether
the District Court adequately stated the reasons it imposed a 35-year parole restriction on
him--and chose not to appeal on other grounds. Kennedy, meanwhile, could not file briefs
on his own behalf because a party represented by counsel cannot file documents with a court
in a pro se format. (See, e.g., State v. Weaver, 2001 MT 115, ¶ 24, 305 Mont. 315, ¶ 24,
28 P.3d 451, ¶ 24.) Kennedy claims to have “had no part in the direct appeal process” and
further claims that he had inadequate access to legal materials and thus was unable to assist
in his own defense.
¶8 The State responds that Kennedy has not asserted that his appellate counsel was
ineffective for failing to challenge his sentence on additional grounds, and that, pursuant to
§ 46-21-105(2), MCA, Kennedy cannot now raise these issues in a Petition for
Postconviction Relief. Furthermore, the State argues, the District Court correctly denied
Kennedy’s claim that the sentencing court did not adequately state reasons for the parole
restriction because res judicata applies.
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¶9 Kennedy replies that, although he appealed his sentence on the grounds that the
sentencing court did not adequately state its reasoning in restricting his parole eligibility for
35 years, he now prays for relief for different underlying reasons than those which were
adjudicated on direct appeal. In his reply, Kennedy also alleges that the Mineral County
Attorney violated the Plea Agreement by failing to object to the sentencing court’s
imposition of a 35-year parole restriction instead of the County Attorney’s 20-year
recommendation.
¶10 We have determined to decide this case pursuant to our Order dated February 11,
2003, amending Section 1.3 of our 1996 Internal Operating Rules and providing for
memorandum opinions.
¶11 We conclude the District Court correctly found that Kennedy’s claims were barred
pursuant to § 46-21-105(2), MCA, as they could have been raised on direct appeal, and that
Kennedy’s claim that the sentencing court did not adequately address the reasons behind its
sentence is barred by res judicata. Kennedy’s claims to the contrary, he presents no
evidence to support his claim that he did not have the opportunity to participate in his direct
appeal, and thus has no grounds upon which to claim that he was barred from raising these
issues at that time. Furthermore, his argument that the Mineral County Attorney did not
uphold the Plea Agreement was not presented to the lower court and is thus not properly
before us on appeal. However, it, too, could have been presented on direct appeal, and thus
would also be procedurally barred from Postconviction Relief.
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¶12 On the face of the briefs and the record on appeal, it is manifest that the appeal is
without merit as the issues are clearly controlled by settled Montana law. Therefore, we
affirm the judgment of the District Court.
/S/ PATRICIA O. COTTER
We Concur:
/S/ KARLA M. GRAY
/S/ JOHN WARNER
/S/ JIM REGNIER
/S/ JIM RICE
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