Morrison v. Southern States Finance Co. ( 1929 )

The plaintiffs alleged that the defendant, Southern Finance Company, was a foreign corporation engaged in business in Charlotte, North Carolina, and that the individual defendants were officers and directors of said corporation, Walker being president; Ashcraft, vice-president; Rhyne, vice-president; and Cherry, secretary and treasurer, and that said defendant, through its active officials, placed upon the market a large quantity of preferred and common stock for the purpose of sale, and employed agents and salesmen to solicit and sell said stock, and that one of said salesmen was J. A. Flournoy.

Plaintiff further alleged that in January and February, 1924, said Flournoy sold to plaintiffs, who were partners, two hundred shares of said stock, and thereafter on 14 April, 1924, sold to said plaintiffs one hundred and fifty shares of said stock at the price of ten dollars per share. It was further alleged that in making said sale the said agent, Flournoy, made false and fraudulent representations, which the plaintiffs relied upon, with respect to the financial condition of the Southern States Finance Company.

A nonsuit was taken as to the plaintiff, Lelia A. Morrison, leaving in controversy the purchase of one hundred and ninety shares for $1,900 in January, 1924, and one hundred and fifty shares for $1,500 in April, 1924.

Nineteen issues were submitted to the jury.

The jury, by its verdict, found that false representations had been made by said salesman, and that the individual defendants participated therein and ratified such representations. However, in response to the eleventh issue the jury found that the plaintiffs did not purchase the one hundred and fifty shares on 1 April, 1924, from the defendant, Southern Finance Company.

From judgment rendered both parties appealed. The defendants assigned one hundred and sixty-two errors, and the plaintiffs seventy-three.

As the late Justice Allen once remarked: It is highly improbable that a trial judge could make two hundred and thirty-five errors in one game.

One group of errors deals with the identification of the corporate records. These exceptions are without substantial merit, for the reason that Mr. Cherry, the secretary and treasurer of the corporation, was offered as a witness by the defendants, and he identified the books and records, although he indicated that certain of the records were not present at the trial. However, the records were used by both parties in examining and cross-examining witnesses.

Another group of exceptions is addressed to admissions offered from the pleadings. These exceptions cannot be sustained. Weston v. Typewriter Co.,183 N.C. 1, 110 S.E. 581; Sears-Roebuck Co. v. Banking Co., 191 N.C. 500,132 S.E. 468; Malcolm v. Cotton Mills, 191 N.C. 727,133 S.E. 7.

Another group of exceptions involves the introduction in evidence of certain circulars and letters addressed to the stockholders of the Southern States Finance Company and to individual stockholders, purporting to be signed by the president of the Southern States Finance Company. One of the plaintiffs testified, with respect to the letters, as follows: "My wife, brother and I received those letters through the mail. I can't testify the date we got it." Plaintiffs introduced ten letters, marked Exhibit T. Individual defendants objected. The objection was overruled, and the letters, without further proof of identification, were admitted in evidence. These letters and circulars contained representations to the effect that the company was in good financial condition and free from debt, and therefore had a material bearing upon the allegations of the complaint. The admission of the letters was error. Trust Co. v. Store Co.,193 N.C. 122, 136 S.E. 289; Bank v. Brickhouse, 193 N.C. 231,136 S.E. 636.

There is no allegation in the complaint charging a conspiracy, and no issue of conspiracy was submitted to the jury.

Certain exceptions were taken by the defendants to the admission of conversations between plaintiffs and others and certain of the individual defendants, when other individual defendants were not present. This evidence was incompetent as against the individual defendants not present at such conversations. Edwards v. Finance Co., 196 N.C. 462.

There are other exceptions to the charge given by the trial judge to the jury, but these appear to be without merit.

There are other exceptions as to the competency of evidence warranting serious consideration, but as a new trial must be awarded to the defendants for the errors specified, we deem it inadvisable to discuss them at this time.

PLAINTIFFS' APPEAL.

The jury found in respect to the eleventh issue that the plaintiffs did not buy one hundred and fifty shares of stock in April, 1924, from the Southern States Finance Company. The evidence discloses that L. W. Tucker, Martin Tucker and Mrs. L. C. Tucker owned a large block of stock of the defendant Southern States Finance Company. They brought suit against the company and this stock was delivered by them to Mr. Hulin Davis, their attorney.

The evidence further disclosed that J. H. Flournoy came to the office of Mr. Davis and bought five hundred shares of this stock, paying therefor $2.50 a share. The purchase price was paid in New York Exchange or by cashier's check. Thereafter Flournoy took the stock to his attorney, Mr. Paul C. Whitlock, of Charlotte, who made demand on the Southern States Finance Company to transfer the stock to the plaintiffs upon the books of the corporation. This was done. A carbon copy of a letter from Mr. Paul C. Whitlock to the Southern States Finance Company was admitted in evidence over the objection of plaintiffs. This was error, as there was no notice to produce the original. Chair Co. v. Crawford, 193 N.C. 531, 137 S.E. 577.

However, in the cross-examination of Mr. Whitlock he testified that he had the stock transferred in person, but preferred that there be a record of the demand, and for that reason sent the letter offered in evidence. Thus the introduction of the letter was manifestly harmless.

There is no evidence that Flournoy bought the Tucker stock as agent of the Southern States Finance Company or paid for it with funds belonging to said company, or that said company ever had any information with respect thereto.

Upon this state of the record the judge would have been justified in giving a peremptory instruction upon this aspect of the case.

We hold therefore that the defendants are entitled to a new trial upon their appeal and that the judgment with respect to the appeal of the plaintiffs is

Affirmed.