Alvarado v. N.D. Dept. of Transportation , 2019 ND 231 ( 2019 )


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BackesWRVXSSRUWKLVDVVHUWLRQWKDWDSDUWLDOLPSOLHGFRQVHQW ZDUQLQJLVDQLQYDOLGUHTXHVWIRUWHVWLQJDQGSUHYHQWVDGHWHUPLQDWLRQWKDWDQRSHUDWRU KDVUHIXVHGDUHTXHVWIRUWHVWLQJ1:G 1' See also State v. Bauer1'ˆ1:GGardner v. N.D. Dep't. of Transp.  1'ˆ1:G,QThrolsonZHREVHUYHG³>L@WLVD[LRPDWLFWKDW EHIRUHWKHUHFDQEHDµUHIXVDO¶WRVXEPLWWRWHVWLQJXQGHU6HFWLRQWKHUHPXVW EHDYDOLGUHTXHVWIRUWHVWLQJXQGHUWKHVWDWXWH´Throlson1:GDW:H KDYHIXUWKHUQRWHGWKHIROORZLQJLQWKHFRQWH[WRIGHWHUPLQLQJZKHWKHUDQRSHUDWRUKDV UHIXVHGWRVXEPLWWRDFKHPLFDOWHVW $QDUUHVWE\LWVHOILVQRWHQRXJKWRWULJJHUWKHUHTXLUHGWHVWLQJXQGHU 1'&&7KHDUUHVWLQJRIILFHUPXVWDOVRLQIRUPWKHGULYHUWKDW KHLVRUZLOOEHFKDUJHGZLWKGULYLQJXQGHUWKHLQIOXHQFHRUEHLQJLQ DFWXDOSK\VLFDOFRQWUROSeeThrolson v. Backes1:G 1'  KROGLQJIDLOXUHWRLQIRUPGULYHUDERXWDOFRKROFKDUJHXSRQ DUUHVW PDGH WHVW UHTXHVW XQGHU 1'&&  LQHIIHFWLYH   +HUH +ROWHQHYHULQIRUPHG6FRWWWKDWKHZDVRUZRXOGEHFKDUJHGZLWKDQ DOFRKRO RIIHQVH DQG WKH RIILFHU GLG QRW GLUHFW D WHVW XQGHU 1'&&  Scott v. N.D. DOT1:G 1'  >ˆ@ 7KHSHQDOW\RIUHYRFDWLRQRIDQRSHUDWRU¶VGULYLQJSULYLOHJHVIRUUHIXVLQJWR VXEPLWWRDFKHPLFDOWHVWLVLPSRVHGE\1'&&†,WSURYLGHVWKDWWKH SHQDOW\RIUHYRFDWLRQLVLPSRVHG³>L@IDSHUVRQUHIXVHVWRVXEPLWWRWHVWLQJXQGHU VHFWLRQ´DQGUHYRFDWLRQLVLPSRVHGZKHQLWKDVEHHQGHWHUPLQHG³WKHSHUVRQ KDGUHIXVHGWRVXEPLWWRWKHWHVWRUWHVWVXQGHUVHFWLRQ´7KHXQDPELJXRXV ODQJXDJH RI  1'&& †  UHTXLUHV D UHTXHVW IRU D WHVW EH PDGH XQGHU 1'&& †   $GGLWLRQDOO\ WKH VWDWXWRU\ JXLGDQFH IRU FRQGXFWLQJ WKH DGPLQLVWUDWLYHKHDULQJVSHFLILFDOO\SURYLGHV³>W@KHVFRSHRIDKHDULQJIRUUHIXVLQJWR VXEPLWWRDWHVWXQGHUVHFWLRQ´1'&&† >ˆ@ 2XUSULRUGHFLVLRQVLQThrolsonBauerDQGScottVXSSRUWWKHFRQFOXVLRQWKDW DQRSHUDWRU¶VUHIXVDOLVSUHGLFDWHGXSRQDYDOLGUHTXHVWWRVXEPLWWRWHVWLQJSXUVXDQW WR 1'&& †   7KH ODQJXDJH RI 1'&& †  UHODWLQJ WR WKH LPSRVLWLRQRIUHYRFDWLRQDVDSHQDOW\DQG1'&&†UHODWLQJWRKRZWKH DGPLQLVWUDWLYHKHDULQJLVFRQGXFWHGERWKUHTXLUHDUHTXHVWIRUWHVWLQJEHPDGHXQGHU 1'&&†:HFRQFOXGHWKDWDSUHUHTXLVLWHWRDGHWHUPLQDWLRQWKDWDQ RSHUDWRUKDVUHIXVHGDUHTXHVWIRUWHVWLQJLVILQGLQJWKDWWKHUHTXHVWIRUWHVWLQJZDV PDGHXQGHU1'&&†  >ˆ@ 7KLV &RXUW UHYLHZV DGPLQLVWUDWLYH DJHQF\ GHFLVLRQV WR VXVSHQG GULYLQJ SULYLOHJHVXQGHU1'&&FKDQG DFFRUGV JUHDWGHIHUHQFHWRWKHDJHQF\¶V GHFLVLRQGuthmiller, v. 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Vigen1'ˆ 1:G,QDGGLWLRQWRLQIRUPLQJLQGLYLGXDOVWKDW1RUWK'DNRWDODZUHTXLUHVWKHP WR WDNH D FKHPLFDO WHVW WKH VWDWXWH PDQGDWHV WKDW ODZ HQIRUFHPHQW RIILFHUV ³VKDOO LQIRUPWKHLQGLYLGXDOUHIXVDOWRWDNHDEUHDWKRUXULQHWHVWLVDFULPHSXQLVKDEOHLQWKH VDPHPDQQHUDVGULYLQJXQGHUWKHLQIOXHQFH´1'&&†  D %HIRUHD FKHPLFDOWHVWPD\EHDGPLQLVWHUHGODZHQIRUFHPHQWPXVWUHDGWKH³FRPSOHWHLPSOLHG FRQVHQWDGYLVRU\´State v. O’Connor1'ˆ1:G)RUDQ DGYLVRU\WREHFRQVLGHUHG³FRPSOHWH´DOOVXEVWDQWLYHLQIRUPDWLRQLQWKHVWDWXWHPXVW EHFRPPXQLFDWHGWRWKHLQGLYLGXDOVigenDWˆ³,WLVD[LRPDWLFWKDWEHIRUHWKHUHFDQ EH D µUHIXVDO¶ WR VXEPLW WR WHVWLQJ XQGHU 6HFWLRQ  WKHUH PXVW EH D YDOLG UHTXHVWIRUWHVWLQJXQGHUWKHVWDWXWH´Gardner v. N.D. Dep’t of Transp.1' ˆ1:G quoting Throlson v. Backes1:G 1'  see alsoState v. Bauer1'ˆ1:G >ˆ@ :KLOHWKLV&RXUWKDVDOORZHGODZHQIRUFHPHQWWRGHYLDWHIURPDYHUEDWLP UHDGLQJRIWKHVWDWXWRU\ODQJXDJHRI1'&&†  D ZHGRUHTXLUHWKDWWKH  DGYLVRU\FRPPXQLFDWHDOOVXEVWDQWLYHLQIRUPDWLRQRIWKHVWDWXWHSee Vigen1' ˆ1:Gsee also Korb v. N.D. 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Document Info

Docket Number: 20190032

Citation Numbers: 2019 ND 231

Judges: Tufte, Jerod E.

Filed Date: 9/12/2019

Precedential Status: Precedential

Modified Date: 9/12/2019